税收流失的国际存在、表现形式及规模估测

税收流失是世界各国普遍存在的现象;税收流失有不同的表现形式;用税收流失规模估测的收支差异法可以测估出我国税收流失的规模.     

中美环境税收制度比较分析

目前,我国的环境税收制度还存在许多不完善之处.借鉴美国卓有成效的环境税收法律制度,我国的环境税法应该做到:征税主体应尽一步具体化;环境保护税的课征对象应扩大到直接污染的行为和在消费中会造成污染的产品;应赋予地方政府更大的税收立法权.     

中国OFDI影响出口的质量效应与成本效应研究——基于异质性产品价格分解模型

基于异质性产品价格分解模型，运用联合国UN Comtrade 2003-2016年产品-目的国层面出口数据，考察中国OFDI影响本国出口的质量效应和成本效应。研究发现：中国OFDI显著提升了出口产品质量，并对出口产品成本产生降低作用。从目的国收入看，金融危机前，中国OFDI对出口质量的提升以及对出口产品成本的降低作用，主要通过对高收入和中高收入国家的投资实现；而金融危机后，则主要通过对中低收入国家的投资实现。从产品类型看，中国OFDI显著提高了差异性产品和中间产品的出口质量，并对两类产品的成本产生降低作用；但对同质性产品和最终产品，只对其出口产品成本存在显著降低作用，对出口质量的提升作用不显著。因此，以投资带动贸易仍然是推动中国外贸高质量发展的有效举措。     

从公共产品的私人供给看税收的自愿缴纳

据公共产品的私人供给与税收的自愿缴纳问题 ,提出完全信息下的税收方案 ,具有税收管理成本最低 ,逃税的超额负担得以消除的特点。如采用该税收方案作为常规税收制度的补充 ,可以达到帕累托改进的效果。     

能源税制的国际比较及启示

介绍、比较了世界各国对能源课税,保护环境、节约能源的情况,分析了近年来发达国家能源税制改革的新趋势。指出随着我国能源消费的剧增和对进口能源的依赖加重,节能和环保方面的税收政策应受到普遍重视,应借鉴国外经验,完善我国的能源税制。     

Export marketing,interfunctional interactions,and performance consequences

Firms with export operations have internal environments that are often geared toward serving the home market. As a result, export marketing and other business functions compete for resources, which thus increases the likelihood of conflict between them. Using survey responses from more than 700 exporting firms, the authors test a model of the antecedents and consequences of two important interaction variables: exporting’s interfunctional connectedness and conflict. The model explains 52 percent and 49 percent of variance in exporting connectedness and conflict, respectively. The authors identify the key drivers of successful interactions as follows: management commitment, organizational training and reward systems, relative functional identification, centralization, and export employee job satisfaction and commitment. The authors also demonstrate that connectedness is most critical for export success when export markets are in a state of turbulence, whereas conflict is most detrimental when the firm’s export environment is stable. John W. Cadogan (j.w.cadogan@lboro.ac.uk), Ph.D., is a professor of marketing in the Business School at Loughborough University, United Kingdom. His primary areas of research interest are international marketing, marketing strategy, and sales management. He has published on these issues in theJournal of International Business Studies, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theJournal of Business Research, Industrial Marketing Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theInternational Marketing Review, theJournal of Marketing Management, theJournal of Strategic Marketing, and other academic journals. He received his degree from the University of Wales (United Kingdom). Sanna Sundqvist (sanna.sundqvist@lut.fi), Ph.D., is a professor in international marketing in the Department of Business Administration at the Lappeenranta University of Technology (Finland). Her research interests deal with the international diffusion of innovations, market orientation (especially in an international context), and consumers’ adoption behavior. She has published in theJournal of Business Research, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theCanadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, and theAustralasian Marketing Journal. She received her degree from the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Risto T. Saiminen (risto.salminen@lut.fi), Ph.D., is a professor of industrial engineering and management, especially marketing, in the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. His primary areas of research interest are customer relationships and networks in business marketing, pedagogy in industrial engineering and management, and international marketing. He has published on these issues in theJournal of Business and Industrial Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Management, theEuropean Journal of Engineering Education, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, and theAustralasian Marketing Journal. He received his degree from Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Kaisu Puumalainen (kaisu.puumalainen@lut.fi), Ph.D., is a professor in technology research in the Department of Business Administration at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Her primary areas of research interest are innovation, international marketing, and small businesses. She has published on these issues in theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theJournal of Business Research, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, R&D Management, theCanadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, theJournal of International Entrepreneurship, theAustralasian Marketing Journal, and theInternational Journal of Production Economics. She received her degree from the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland.     

我国地区间的财力差异——基于地方税体系与转移支付体系的比较分析

和谐社会的建设客观上要求各地居民享有相对均等的公共服务水平,各地公共服务水平的差异主要是由以财政支出量为指标的财力差异决定的。我们测算了地方税收入各项目和转移支付体系各项目对地区间财政支出差异的相对贡献,以期为缩小地区财力差异和优化财政转移支付体系结构提供科学依据。     

布什政府的社会保障政策

党派对立不利于社会保障政策的稳定。美国克林顿政府的社会保障政策是财政预算余额的大部分用来补充社会保障资金,大力发展社区福利;美国布什政府的社会保障政策是通过减税来减少财政预算余额,社会保障私有化、发展灵活的职工养老金计划。     

会计准则实施后税收征管应注意的若干问题

近年一系列会计准则的实施进一步规范了会计工作，但财务会计与税务会计之间出现了新的差异，而且两者间的差异呈现日益扩大的趋势。本文结合近年实施的会计准则和有关税收法规，从各项准备金计提、或有负债确认、权益法与成本法核算长期股权投资三方面分析会计利润与应税所得的差异，并分析非货币性交易的潜在税收问题，以及接受非现金资产捐赠交易事项中纳税义务发生时间的变化。     

关于提高印花税税率的冷思考

印花税税率调高会带来交易费用的上升,可以抑制短期投机,从而在一定程度上稳定市场。但在我国证券税制不完善的情况下,股票交易的印花税存在缺乏法律依据、税种错位、职能错位、征收范围错位等问题,其身兼数职,扮演了多税种合一的角色,仅靠调整印花税难以真正达到压缩股市泡沫、促进资本市场健康发展的效果,还会带来印花税其他职能的丧失。因此,开征差异性证券交易税,对印花税进一步改革已迫在眉睫。