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11.
Juan A. Máñez Castillejo Consuelo Mínguez Bosque María E. Rochina Barrachina Juan A. Sanchis Llopis 《The World Economy》2020,43(3):644-680
This work analyses the firms' internationalisation strategies of importing intermediates and exporting output, and the potential rewards of these activities in terms of total factor productivity (TFP), as a proxy for marginal costs, and markups. It further deepens into the study of the relationship between internationalisation strategies and markups by disentangling whether it operates through affecting firms' marginal costs and/or firms' prices. The panel database employed in this paper is the Spanish Survey on Business Strategies (ESEE) for the period 2006–14. Results in the paper distinguish between SMEs and large firms and indicate that there is high persistence in the performance of these activities and in firms' TFP and markups. For SMEs, we obtain rewards from importing inputs as well as exporting output in terms of TFP and markups. For large firms, we obtain rewards in TFP from the importing activity and rewards in markups from the exporting activity. Finally, we find evidence that the effects of internationalisation strategies on markups are due to both a price channel and a marginal cost channel. 相似文献
12.
中西部承接产业转移缺乏显著的正向技术溢出效应,成为2000年后区际技术差距持续扩大以及近年部分地区过早去工业化的关键影响因素之一。利用2001~2017年全国30个省(市)面板数据研究证实,各地区技术水平与工业增加值在地区生产总值中的份额之间存在显著正相关性;中西部在2005~2014年承接了较大规模产业转移,而区际技术差距却持续扩大,技术溢出效应显著为负。在相对偏低的技术水平条件下,中西部地区在十余年的产业承接中主要依赖于廉价的要素成本优势,其自主创新能力、创新资源积累已不足以抵御本地消费升级、要素成本上升与国际需求疲软等负面因素的叠加影响。最终,技术差距、商品及服务净输出赤字的扩大至少加快了部分欠发达地区的去工业化。 相似文献
13.
Substantial decline in oil prices observed since the second half of 2014 has brought forward discussions on the impact of oil prices on the external balance. This decline is expected to shift real income from oil exporter countries to oil importer countries. In this context, we study the effect of change in oil prices on Turkey’s exports taking into account the fact that Turkey’s export to oil exporting countries has approximately one-third share in total exports, while export to oil importing countries has a share of two-thirds. At the first step, we analyse the effect of oil prices on economic growth of trade partners of Turkey, where countries are grouped according to their net oil export position. We find that the effect of oil prices on different country groups’ growth is asymmetric. In the second stage, for two groups of countries, we estimate growth-export elasticity through Turkey’s export demand function. Finally, we calculate the net effect of oil prices on exports considering different income effects caused by oil price change on each country groups. Results indicate that the net effect of oil prices on the exports is limited given the current export shares. 相似文献
14.
Diego Aboal Valeria Arza Flavia Rovira 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2017,26(7):661-682
A large body of literature argues that the characteristics of exports matter for economic growth and development because some goods trigger positive externalities or are subject to increasing returns. Thus, for policy purposes, it is important to know whether a country’s export basket enjoys these productive opportunities. They have been associated with technological content of exports. However, measuring them is not easy. Previous methodologies to account for exports’ technological content used either R&;D data or trade data. The former is used to account for knowledge-intensive activities during the production phase and the latter to identify levels of ‘sophistication’ of exports based on exporting countries’ characteristics. Building on these contributions, this paper combines industry-based and product-based indicators to circumvent some of the shortcomings of the received literature, including the product-industry controversy (i.e. are the actual activities during the production process or the product characteristics what better accounts exports’ technological content?). We use data from Uruguay on direct and indirect R&;D spending from public and private sources and also trade data to build the sophistication index corrected by quality. We contrast our findings with existing methodologies to highlight our contribution. 相似文献
15.
魏文轩 《生态经济(学术版)》2011,(8)
全球环境的恶化使人们越来越关注碳排放问题,发达国家正在考虑通过对不实施减排的国家征收碳关税。从碳关税提出的背景出发,阐述低碳经济背景下碳关税壁垒的相关特征,运用局部均衡法分析碳关税对我国整体的影响,同时也运用可计算的一般均衡模型测算不同的碳关税对我国工业品出口影响的程度。通过分析发现碳关税的征收将对我国经济和贸易产生重大影响,建议我国企业要顺应低碳经济发展趋势,加快研究和发展低碳经济。 相似文献
16.
国际购买力平价和简化净出口函数:中国实证 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章从国际交换价值的角度研究了一价定律的内涵,提出了国际购买力平价理论,并且证明了国际购买力平价是严格意义上的均衡汇率。2009年人民币贸易品购买力平价为6.70元人民币/美元,而国际购买力为5.49元人民币/美元,后者可作为确定人民币汇率处于均衡水平的参考。文章还简化了净出口函数,得出如下主要结论:(1)近年我国的贸易顺差大幅增长,主要是因为价格贸易条件恶化,其次是因为J曲线效应;(2)当前的首要任务是改善我国的价格贸易条件以提高国际购买力平价,而不是调整人民币汇率。 相似文献
17.
广西进出口贸易分析与对策的实证研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
广西对外贸易的快速增长很大程度上推动了其经济的增长。基于广西2006~2009年统计年鉴数据,采用统计分组、综合指标和归纳推断等方法对广西进出口贸易进行了实证分析,阐述了进出口贸易中存在的问题并提出了相应的对策和建议。 相似文献
18.
19.
胡铭 《吉林省经济管理干部学院学报》2000,14(4):80-11
为了治理通货紧缩,重新启动经济,我国政府采取了一系列宏观调控政策以扩大内需,从而两刺激经济增长。但是扩大内需的效益不佳。消费、投资、政府支出和净出口四个方面都是制约我国扩大内需的原因。在消费方面,由于预期因素造成降息和开征利息税没有有效刺激居民消费,农村消费市场难以启动,消费信贷没有社会基础;在投资方面,实际利率偏高制约了投资水平的提高,国有企业和国有银行的激励机制制约了可贷资金的规模;在政府支出 相似文献
20.
We examined 2007, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016 data from 49 countries to determine changes wrought by China’s Belt and Road initiative; we also used panel data regarding the Maritime Silk and Inland Silk Roads to test initiative effects on Chinese exports. Post-initiative infrastructure expansion and logistics performance improvements led to positive effects on China’s exports. Additionally, legal-system similarities and inland borders with trade partners had a more positive effect on Chinese exports in the Inland Silk Road, while population and free trade agreements were found to have a more positive effect on the Maritime Silk Road. 相似文献