长三角地区两种人口流动模式比较分析

经济发达的长三角地区存在着流动人口输入型和输出型两种相反的人口流动模式。文章以江苏人口第五次人口普查资料为样本,分别分析了两种人口流动模式的形成原因、经济效应和联系与区别。     

The trade effects of Albania’s trade agreements with CEFTA members

Since the Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) was signed in 2006, Albanian exports to CEFTA member countries have increased four-fold. Applying a trade growth decomposition methodology, we show that Albanian firms that did not export to CEFTA countries before the agreement account for a large share of this export growth. Exports also increased among goods that were the least traded before the agreement. Estimating a gravity equation, we find that the CEFTA increased Albanian exports between 34% and 144%, depending on how the previous bilateral agreements with CEFTA countries are accounted for. Additional regression analyses conclude that the CEFTA fostered exports through the reduction of tariffs.     

Is there a link between BRIC foreign direct investment and SADC export performance?

The BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries have agreed to strengthen their economic ties, thus paving the way for enhanced trade and investment performance. South Africa's strategic value in BRICS is that it is a gateway to the opportunity-rich Southern African Development Community (SADC). By using South Africa as a production hub for exports to the surrounding region, foreign investors would have ready access to neighbouring markets. This article addresses the question of whether, and in what ways, foreign direct investment (FDI) from the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) countries to the SADC influences the SADC's export performance. A series of empirical analyses revealed a positive causation between BRIC FDI and SADC exports, offering a clear incentive for the SADC to rejuvenate its trade and investment policies and structures, and strengthen its ties with BRIC countries in the interests of attracting more FDI and building a strong and sustainable export sector.     

山东省农业科技进步与农产品出口关系实证研究

对山东省农产品出口现状进行分析,利用C-D函数模型对山东省农业科技进步率进行测算,然后构建VAR模型,利用山东省农业科技进步率与农产品出口额两个指标,分析山东省农业科技进步与农产品出口之间的关系。研究结果表明,山东省农业科技进步不是促进农产品出口的主要原因,农产品出口是促进科技进步的原因,农业科技进步与农产品出口之间尚未形成显著的相互促进关系,最后提出相关建议。     

中国行业显性比较优势分析——基于国际投入产出关系的测算

随着国际产业分工不断深化,传统基于出口额计算的显性比较优势指数已不能反映真实的行业竞争力。运用WIOD数据,本文采用投入产出分析方法测算行业的出口增加值,并基于出口增加值计算中国各行业的显性比较优势。计算结果与基于出口额的传统方法有较大差异：具有竞争优势的行业数量下降,行业分布状况与竞争优势的动态变化不同,传统方法夸大了行业的优势程度或劣势程度。     

Openness,Ownership, and Regional Economic Growth in Vietnam

ABSTRACT

In this article, we examine the influences of exports, multinational corporations (MNCs), and the share of state-owned enterprise (SOE) production in regional economic growth in Vietnam for the years 1996–2006. Various estimations, without and with considering the endogeneity problem, confirm that exports and the presence of MNCs are influential factors on promoting economic growth. Crucially, provinces with a higher ratio of SOE production have experienced higher economic growth. However, the positive relationship between SOE share and economic growth should be carefully interpreted.     

人民币汇率变动对中国出口贸易影响的实证分析

人民币汇率变化对出口贸易有着重要影响。从我国2009年1月至2013年11月之间人民币有效汇率、出口总额等指标的分析看,人民币汇率变化带动出口贸易的变化。2008年世界金融危机之后,人民币汇率变化和出口贸易呈正向关系,但是这种变化是适度的。如果人民币汇率持续快速上升,将对我国出口企业尤其是劳动密集型企业造成严重冲击。为此,可以分别采取积极扩大内需、加快人民币国际化进程、开拓新兴市场和鼓励外商投资等应对措施。     

Defying Convergence: Globalisation and Varieties of Defence-Industrial Capitalism

Globalisation is transforming the production of armaments in ways poorly understood, yet critical to states' security. Most analysts contend that this process forces states to converge upon laissez-faire policies that systematically disadvantage smaller states. However, broader research in comparative political economy suggests that domestic institutions drive states to adapt in distinct ways independently of their size. Indeed, the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) approach argues that national institutions shape both how states develop adjustment strategies and their firms' comparative advantages. This article examines two small states – Israel and Sweden – to ascertain whether defence-industrial transformation drives them to converge upon common laissez-faire policies or, contrarily, whether distinct VoC shaped their adaptation strategies along different lines. To preview the conclusions, institutions impel states to respond to defence-industrial transformation in divergent ways. Liberal market states, such as Israel, respond by introducing greater competition for contracts and liberalising their import/export policies. In coordinated market states, such as Sweden, government cooperates with business groups to selectively open industries to foreign capital and position them to compete globally. Although they adapt differently to transformation's common challenge, these cases demonstrate that even small states can retain robust defence-industrial bases, albeit ones with increasingly distinct comparative advantages and disadvantages.     

Innovation and Exporting: Does Quality Matter?

We study the effect of innovation on a firm’s propensity to export, developing a simple model where heterogeneous firms operate in a monopolistically competitive market and set their prices as a markup above the marginal cost. The key proposition of our model is that firms that invest in better quality products are more likely to export. We test it using Italian firms’ data. Econometric results suggest that innovation, defined as quality upgrading, has a significant effect on the firms’ propensity to export; and, for those who are already exporting, innovation—defined as new products—has a significant effect on a firm’s turnover.     

Evaluating government export promotion: some conceptual and empirical approaches

This article addresses an important aspect of marketing that has not received its due place in the research and academic literature devoted to international trade: It endeavors to provide an authoritative analysis of how to tackle the evaluation of government-funded export programs for companies participating in, for example, trade fairs, missions, symposia, or “weeks.” The article distinguishes particularly export promotion at the macro (government) level and the micro (firm) levels—this distinction is often blurred in the sparse literature on the subject. A general “a priori” analysis from first principles is followed by a specific, quantified approach of a cost / benefit nature; this is applied on a multiyear basis to produce the outcome needed to identify incremental revenues accruing to exporting and participating companies. Another specific approach using return on investment is also explored. The article concludes with some observations about current research and indicates further issues on which work is still needed.