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81.
RONALD V. KALAFSKY 《Asia Pacific Business Review》2013,19(4):481-500
Despite increased global market competition, Japan remains a leading producer of metal-cutting machinery. Exporting plays an important role in firm-level strategies, an approach that has occurred with much success in many of Japan's capital goods sectors. This article examines the dynamics of exporting within Japan's machine-tool sector in the context of recent industry changes and in terms of evolving product make-up. Evidence from a recent series of interviews mainly conducted in 2006 suggests that firms use a variety of strategies to succeed in export markets, with an emphasis on increased precision and service. These strategies continue to keep many Japanese producers in prominent market positions, despite spatial redistributions of world manufacturing activities. 相似文献
82.
Başak Dalgıç Burcu Fazlıoğlu 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(5):638-659
We examine the effects of international trading activities of firms on creating productivity gains in Turkey by using a recent firm-level data set over the period 2003–2010. We establish treatment models and investigate the productivity improvements of firms through trade by using propensity score matching techniques together with difference-in-difference estimates. Three different groups of treatment are constructed: (1) firms that are involved only with import activities, (2) firms that are involved only with export activities and (3) firms that are involved with both export and import activities. The results of the study suggest that both exporting and importing have positive significant effects on total factor productivity (TFP) and labour productivity (LP) of firms. Importing is found to have a greater impact on productivity of firms compared to exporting. Further, two-way trade is found to have more significant effects than those of one-way trade on firm productivity. Finally, our results indicate that international trade has greater impact on LP rather than TFP of firms. 相似文献
83.
ABSTRACTA country's economic, political, and socio-cultural institutions have always been regarded as important determinants of a company's exports and international marketing strategies. With the recent thinking about countries becoming more like a brand, these factors should impact a country's marketing and branding strategies. There has been a call for more research on how countries can use their institutions and resources to enhance their globalization efforts. This study intends to fill this gap by examining the relationships between country institutions and resources, country image, and exports based on institution theory and resource advantage theory. Both archival and primary data for 24 countries over 12 years (1995–2006) were used to assess a random-effects panel data model. The results reveal the significance of economic development and communication infrastructure on exports. In addition, country image was found to indirectly affect exports. The theoretical and practical implications on country branding and international marketing conclude the article. 相似文献
84.
Olayinka Idowu Kareem 《International Trade Journal》2013,27(3):237-259
ABSTRACTThe stringency in standards usage, especially in developed markets, has trade effects, particularly for Africa. Thus, this study investigated the export effects of the EU standards for Africa in a two-step, Helpman et al. (2008) model for two high-value commodities. In all, 52 African countries were considered from 1995 to 2012. This study finds that fish standards are trade enhancing at the extensive margins, but not at the intensive margins. However, vegetable standards are trade inhibiting at both the extensive and intensive margins. Thus, these findings suggest that the impacts of standards on exports are commodity-specific. 相似文献
85.
Nergiz Dincer Magda Kandil 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(6):809-837
This paper examines the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on disaggregated data comprising 21 exporting sectors (BEC classification) in Turkey. Building on a theoretical model that decomposes movements in the exchange rate into anticipated and unanticipated components, the empirical investigation traces the effects through demand and supply channels. Anticipated exchange rate appreciation, in line with movements in underlying fundamentals, has significant adverse effects, contracting export growth across many sectors. Random fluctuations in the exchange rate, deviations around steady-state equilibrium, have asymmetric effects on sectoral export growth. The evidence indicates increased contraction of export demand to currency appreciation over time. In contrast, the effect of depreciation in stimulating export growth has lost momentum over time. While exchange rate fluctuations had a positive net effect on export growth before 2003, the net effect is negative for the post-2002 period. The implications are anticipated movement in the exchange rate guides export plans, signaling the importance of managing fundamentals to anchor rational forecasts. Moreover, less variability of the exchange rate is likely to improve sectoral export growth in Turkey over time. 相似文献
86.
The article presents structural equation modeling analysis of survey data from 181 buyer-seller relationships in the seafood industry. Relational investments, relationship length, and sharing of strategic information are identified as the key drivers of interorganizational trust (measured for the whole exchange relationship and not as either buyer or supplier trust). Contrary to common assumptions, international experience and sharing of logistical (operational) information show no association with interorganizational trust. Hence, previous successes are no guarantee that exchange relationships will work well in the future. As the nature of business changes and new challenges arise, managers must always be alert to new approaches and develop new recipes to be successful. 相似文献
87.
《国际粮食与农业综合企业市场学杂志》2013,25(2):31-47
Abstract The economic downturn in Malaysia has encouraged a debate on the benefits of its export-oriented industrialisation strategy. There is renewed interest in the agricultural and livestock sectors. One of the beneficiaries of this policy change could be the dairy farming sector. Using desktop research and ‘key-informant’ techniques, this study reviews various factors that could influence the development of the dairy farming sector in Malaysia. The study concludes that the (a) Government may encourage the start-up of integrated plantation crop, animal feed and livestock farms, (b) investment and trade linkages with neighbouring countries could lead to diversification of import sources, and (c) consumption of dairy products may have matured, leading to increases in dairy self-sufficiency. It is postulated that these developments will produce a dynamic environment and significant threats to the interests of traditional dairy exporting countries. 相似文献
88.
Taufiq Choudhry 《Empirical Economics》2008,35(3):607-619
This paper investigates the influence of exchange rate volatility on the real imports of the United Kingdom from Canada, Japan
and New Zealand during the period 1980–2003. The Johansen multivariate cointegration method and the constrained error correction
(general-to-specific) method are applied to study the relationship between real imports and its determinants (including exchange
rate volatility). Conditional variance from the GARCH(1,1) model is applied as exchange rate volatility. Both nominal and
real exchange rates are employed in the empirical study. Results indicate a significant effect of the exchange rate volatility
on real imports. These exchange rate volatility effects are mostly positive.
The author thanks an anonymous referee, the editor and Myles Wallace for several useful comments and suggestions. Any remaining
errors and omissions are the author’s responsibility alone. 相似文献
89.
文章简要回顾了中国服务贸易出口现状,并对影响服务贸易出口的可量化因素进行了分析。根据1990—2004年中国服务贸易出口及其可量化因素的时间序列数据做出的多元线性回归模型,印证了人均国内生产总值、世界GDP增长率、服务业占GDP的比重、货物贸易出口额等因素对我国服务贸易出口的影响,文章最后还就增加我国服务贸易的出口提出了几点建议。 相似文献
90.
Labour market flexibility is an important issue in both development and labour economics. More flexibility in the labour market is believed to facilitate job creation, but also makes it easy for employers to terminate employment contracts and may be in conflict with the notion of decent jobs as promoted by the International Labour Organization and workers' unions. It is therefore not surprising that labour market flexibility or inflexibility has received a lot of attention in the extant literature. Using a sample of about 4700 firms from six African countries, we investigate the impact of restrictive labour regulation on a number of economic outcomes and find that more restrictive labour market regulations are detrimental to export propensity, export intensity, investment and employment. Policy-makers must be cautious, however, when implementing employment regulations as too flexible regulations may benefit employers at the expense of employees. 相似文献