合伙债务清偿制度安排问题研究

资源有限和理性有限将使审计师无法彻底消除审计风险,合伙人将承担审计失败的最终赔偿责任.如何更好地把无限连带责任落到实处,保证审计质量,保护合伙债权人的权益,是一个重要的理论与现实问题,要求在制度安排上实施合伙债务优先清偿的原则,需要优化有限责任合伙制度安排,并把合伙事务所的收入分配安排与合伙债务的清偿安排联系起来.     

Simulation Analysis of Public Debt and Fiscal Deficit in Austria – Optimal Economic Policies for the Past and the Future

The macroeconometric simulation model AMOD1 and the optimization algorithm OPTCON are used to evaluate fiscal policies for Austria since the late seventies. In particular, the question of optimal (debt stabilizing) fiscal policies for the past and for the future is analyzed within the framework of a medium-scaled simulation model. The first set of optimization experiments aims to assess optimal fiscal policies for debt stabilization for the historical period 1978–2000 while trying to maintain reasonable growth rates of approximately 2 percent of real GDP. Optimal values of the instruments and the targets are compared to empirical data for Austria. A second set of simulations calculates optimal paths for the fiscal instruments for the period 2001-2010, particularly with respect to the criteria of the Stability and Growth Pact, which is mandatory for member states of the Euro zone.     

中介性、公共性、外部性与注册会计师行业的监管模式

本文从对注册会计师行业中介性、公共性、外部性的科学分析入手,根据斯蒂芬·P.罗宾斯的组织与环境理论,构建了对注册会计师行业的自律监管模式、政府监管模式和独立监管模式,并对其进行分析与评价,进而提出应根据本国的现实情况,选择合适的注册会计师行业监管模式.     

浅析日本高等教育外部评估体系特征

高等教育的外部评估是提高高教质量和进行高教资源有效配置的有力手段。通过对日本高等教育外部评估的背景分析、新质量管理体系和外部评估体系三部分简明其特征，进而揭示日本高等教育质量管理体系的转变与外部评估制度的密切关系。     

Real Exchange Rate and External Balance: How Important Are Price Deflators?

This paper contrasts real effective exchange rate (REER) measures based on different deflators (consumer price index, GDP deflator, and unit labor cost) and discusses potential implications for the link—or lack thereof—between the REER and the external balance. We begin by comparing the evolution of different measures of REER to confirm that the choice of deflator plays a significant role in REER movements. A subsequent empirical investigation based on 35 developed and emerging market economies over 1995–2017 yields comprehensive and robust evidence that only the REER deflated by unit labor cost exhibits contemporaneous patterns consistent with the expenditure-switching mechanism. Finally, we show that a standard open-economy model with nominal rigidities and trade in intermediate goods is able to generate these aforementioned patterns.     

China''''s Cooperative Exploration of Oil and Gas and Its Taxation System

China' s foreign-oriented oil taxation system has, from the beginning, been based upon the positive experiences of other oil-producing countries and has incorporated common international practices. The system has been perfected over decades. It of fers more incentives than other oil-producing countries in the following four aspects: (1) Income tax has a "wide tax base and low tax rate"; (2) VAT levies a low tax rate on ma-     

国债税收平滑路径、我国国债与税收关系背景和取向分析

本分析了税收平滑在我国的适用情况，通过我国国债和税收政策的演变和背景，我们认为税收平滑在我国一直没有存在的可能性，因此，当期不能简单地将国债增发和减税作为积极财政政策的两个互为补充手段。我国税收征收空间分析应侧重税收经济效应自身，财政税收政策的调整可平稳过渡为国债税收平滑路径的建立做准备。     

积极财政政策的可持续性分析

本文分别从当前宏观经济形势、我国政府债务风险和公共部门投资的挤出效应三个方面考察了我国积极财政政策的可持续性。认为我国当前的经济形势下 ,积极财政政策的淡出还为时尚早 ;我国单纯的国债风险并不高 ,但是我国政府的综合债务风险却相当大 ,控制我国综合债务风险的关键是控制存量 ;我国公共部门对民间投资的挤出效应不明显 ,当前民间投资不活跃的主要原因是另一种“挤出效应” ,即对民间投资的歧视和限制 ,要改变这种情况的主要方法是改革     

内部审计在中小企业改革中的作用

在国企改革中，发挥审计作用是确保改革成功的一项必要措施，本介绍了审计工作如何介入改革发挥作用。对建筑企业的审计有一定的借鉴意义。     

Stock Index‐linked Debt and Shareholder Value: Evidence from the Paris Bourse

French banks and non‐financial companies issue index‐linked debt whose value at maturity is indexed to the CAC 40 or to a basket of European indices. This paper examines stock announcement effects associated with these bonds on three dates: the date the issuer's General Assembly decides future capital needs, the publication in the journal of the COB (the stock market board), and the issue date. We find the issuance of index‐linked debt has significant positive announcement effects on the issue date, which we attribute to its market‐completion property. In order to examine further whether market completion is at play, we decompose the value of the bond at issue into its straight bond and option values. We determine that the bonds are overvalued again supporting market completion.