中国工业R＆D投入的影响因素

本文运用中国工业面板数据,实证研究了企业规模、产权结构等因素对R＆D投入的影响。研究发现,企业销售收入对R＆D支出有显著正影响,企业员工数量对R＆D支出和R＆D人数均没有显著影响,这意味着熊彼特假说依赖于企业规模和创新变量的设定;国有产权对R＆D人数有显著正影响,但对R＆D支出没有显著影响,这可能表明国有企业在R＆D资源配置上存在着某种扭曲。研究还发现,政府资助对激励企业R＆D投入有重要作用。     

基于GWR模型的省域旅游影响因素空间差异分析

利用地理加权回归(geographically weighted regression,GWR)方法,以中国31个省城为例,研究省城旅游影响因素的空间差异,估算出各个地区旅游影响因素的弹性系数.结果表明:经济发展水平和基础设施是影响中国大部分省域旅游发展最为重要的因素,经济发展水平变量弹性系数在东北、华东、华北、西北地区较大;基础设施则对华中、华南及西南地区旅游较大影响;人力资源变量在东北和华北地区起到了主导作用,而旅游上层设施在西北地区的拉动作用明显.最后提出,各个地区应该制定差异化的旅游政策做引导,从而使各个地区旅游发展越来越好,也有利于全国旅游水平总体提高.     

Extent and intensity of investment with multiple capital goods

Overall investment is the product of the number of capital goods for which triggering has occurred (the extensive or reductive margin) and the depth of investment per capital good (intensive margin). Based on a longitudinal plant-level data and using dynamic panel techniques we investigated the validity of the hypothesis that the intensity of investment increases as its extent increases. Our results indicate a strong linkage between the extent and intensity of investment decisions, finding which holds both for positive and negative investment decisions. This linkage suggests that the decision on how many capital types to initiate investment is closely connected to the decision regarding the depth of investment expenditures. Moreover, the intensity–extent derivative remains positive but its magnitude decreases with plant size, providing indirect evidence for higher complementarity between capital types for smaller plants.     

基于阶层线性模型的集聚经济实证分析

基于中国151个地级城市的制造业行业嵌套数据,运用阶层线性模型和集聚经济的间接估计方法,捕捉集聚经济行业维度不可观测的异质性,揭示集聚经济在行业与城市维度间的内在联系。实证结果表明:地方化经济在制造业中得到验证;行业层面的集聚经济不仅受行业自身特征的影响,而且深受行业所嵌套的城市经济社会环境的影响;城市异质性显著影响行业集聚经济。     

水库库区运营管理政策满意度的空间异质性分析

针对水库库区政策体系因自然资源禀赋差异性导致的政策满意度异质问题,引入顾客满意度理论,基于结构方程模型,构建了异质资源禀赋下库区居民政策感知的结构方程模型,揭示水库库区政策满意度空间分异特征,提出异质资源禀赋下水库库区政策制定的对策建议。并以浯溪口水库为例,应用本文研究框架,探究库区居民政策感知偏好的空间分异特征。     

Cross-subsidization Due to Inframarginal Support in Agriculture: A General Theory and Empirical Evidence

A general theory of cross-subsidization due to inframarginal support is developed. Two sources of output distortion are identified: exit deterrence and extramarginal output. Some firms would not be in business without the subsidy. Cost savings due to declining average costs are always greater than the losses incurred where price equals marginal cost. Moreover, it is theoretically possible for inframarginal subsidies to expand output more than equivalent fully coupled subsidies. Empirical analysis of U.S. dairy subsidies isolates these components of cross-subsidization and finds distortions from inframarginal support to be substantial, with implications for trade negotiations, dispute settlement, and policy formulation.     

基于企业核心竞争力的基本战略研究

企业核心竞争力概念为企业战略的制定提供了一个新的基点,企业应在优化资源配置的战略思路指导下,遵循集中、特色、虚拟、动态、协同、行业匹配等战略原则,以企业规模和企业数量构造企业核心竞争力战略矩阵,可将企业核心竞争力基本战略分为集中差异化、价值链集群规模、同心多元化、协同经营等四大类型。     

The effects of exports on facility environmental performance: Evidence from a matching approach

This paper employs matching techniques to investigate the effects of facility export status on environmental performance. Using facility-level criteria air emission data in the US manufacturing industry, we find the industry-specific effects of export status on emission intensity, measured by emissions per value of sale. In some industries, there is consistent and robust evidence supporting the superior environmental performance of exporters relative to non-exporters in terms of emission intensity for all criteria air pollutants tracked. In other industries, we find weak evidence that exporters appear to have a higher emission intensity than non-exporters. This industrial heterogeneity in the effects of exporting on the environment is closely related to industrial characteristics including pollution abatement capital expenditure, trade costs, capital intensity and others.     

Exporting status and success in innovation: evidence from CIS micro data for EU countries

Using a large sample of micro data from four waves of Community Innovation Survey for EU member states, we investigate the relationship between firms’ export status and different sorts of innovation activities. We find systematically positive relationship between the two, whereby the strongest correlation is found in case of product innovation and the weakest in case of organizational innovations. While aggregate data show that innovation success is increasing in firm size, we find that exporting has the strongest effect on innovation in the medium-sized firms. We also explore cross-country differences in the impact of export status on innovation. Countries with a higher share of exports in GDP and greater share of spending on research and development generally display a stronger correlation between exporting status and innovation.     

集体林区资源异质性农户林业生产行为动态特征及差异研究——以湖南省为例

分别以商品林农户、公益林农户和兼有林农户作为研究对象,采用描述性分析从林业生产过程和投入产出两个维度客观揭示3类农户林业生产行为动态特征及差异。打破将林区农户作为同质整体的传统假设进行研究的结果表明:商品林、公益林和兼有林农户林业生产行为整体趋势比较积极,但在造林、管护、采伐行为及林业投入产出等方面存在明显差异。因此,建议通过政策引导、市场调剂等方式形成商品林、公益林差异化经营优势,确保农户利益的同时,更好的贯彻森林分类经营管理理念,维护国家生态安全。