成本冲击、通胀容忍度与宏观经济政策

与之前比较,2010年以来此轮通胀成本冲击型特征十分明显（主要表现为国际大宗商品价格高企和国内劳动力成本上升）。在此背景下,是否应提高对通胀的容忍度以及宏观政策如何有所作为已成为热门话题。目前国内外已经有一些对通胀容忍度的探讨,但规范性的研究论文并不多见。本文在多恩布什-费雪（Dornbusch Fischer）框架基础上,结合中国实际,创新性地区分大宗商品价格和劳动力成本冲击（尤其是B S效应）对总供给以及宏观经济的不同影响机制,探讨有关通胀容忍度以及宏观政策应对问题。     

上海航运产业集群发展的问题分析与政策建议

航运产业集群是产业集群概念在航运产业中的应用。随着上海航运产业的蓬勃发展,上海航运产业集群发展的现状评估和未来路径探索引发了航运业的关注。本文首先结合航运产业链的划分层次,界定了航运产业集群的要素构成。然后在分析上海航运产业集群发展现状的基础上,通过与发展较为成熟的伦敦航运服务集群和香港航运产业集群的对比发现,上海航运产业集群存在低、高端产业分布失衡,集聚力不强,环境建设有待加强,创新能力不足等问题。最后针对这些问题提出了相应的发展建议。     

技术要素参与分配的实施现状及效果评价——基于湖北省高新技术企业的调查分析

选取湖北省高新技术企业为调查对象,通过问卷调查和访谈收集第一手资料,研究湖北高新技术企业技术要素参与分配的实施现状,通过实施效果的评价,探索企业层面技术要素参与分配方式的组合方案及宏观层面促进技术要素参与分配的政策建议。     

浅谈政府宏观调控对房地产市场的影响

房地产市场的发展与政府出台的相关政策有着千丝万缕的关系。离开政府宏观调控,房地产市场的发展往往会与社会均衡发展的需要相悖,而房地产市场的发展直接关系到一个国家经济的兴衰。     

Adding Value to Applied Policy Models： The Case of the WTO and OECD Support Classification Systems

Both the OECD and the WTO have accumulated systematic data on the magnitude of support going to farmers as a result of farm policies. The datasets are collected for different purposes, but both give a detailed picture of the evolution of these policies. This paper extends recent work on the compatibility or otherwise of the two attempts at policy monitoring by considering the categorization of individual policy instruments in Norway, Switzerland, the US, and the EU. The results show how the OECD dataset, particularly with respect to the link between direct payments and production requirements, complements that of the WTO. Many payments classified in the WTO Green Box require production, raising the possibility that they may distort production and trade. Though the issue of correct notifications to the WTO is the province of lawyers, the implications for modeling and policy analysis are of interest to economists, and the broader question of improving the consistency of the two datasets is of importance in the quest for transparency in the interpretation of changes in farm policies.     

物流产业化中的内生诱导因素分析及规制研究

在研究物流内部发展中,对可能发生的问题及诱导因素进行相应评价,同时分析物流管理的内生诱导因素,总结研究符合国情的物流规制,是非常必要的。文中就通过研究物流经济制度,对物流发展趋势和供给平衡关系中入手,分析大量发展物流产业化的生存需要,如何从制度上寻求改变,不断满足物流产业化发展需要,选择更适应市场发展的物流产业。     

Operational performance of U.S. public rail transit and implications for public policy

In today's tough economic environment, governments at all levels face significant budget shortfalls and public rail transit systems must compete with other public services for government subsidies. It is critical that public rail transit systems be concerned with their operational performance and efficient use of resources. In this paper, we develop a methodology that measures a rail transit system's performance relative to that of other rail transit systems, compares its performance to an appropriate efficient benchmark system, and identifies the sources of its inefficiency. We analyze the relationship between public subsidies and operational performance of public rail systems and show an inverse relationship between subsidization and efficiency.     

Success factors of university-spin-offs: Regional government support programs versus regional environment

In recent years entrepreneurship research has increasingly interpreted new firm emergence in the light of the context the potential or real founder is living and working in. This is especially true for university spin-offs, a type of new firms that gives rise to great hopes for policymakers and technology transfer institutions. The aim of this paper is to analyze what is more influential: specific characteristics of the regional environment of the spin-off founder or public programs to support university spin-offs. Based upon a unique data set covering 11 years of data collection we were able to apply a control group approach with two different government support programs in two regional contexts. The results based upon ordinal regressions suggest that the regional context in which an individual starts a firm, has an impact on start-up success, but the fact that he/she had received government support has a lesser impact. To summarize: site specific factors matter, government support programs per se do not.     

Barriers to innovation through public procurement: A supplier perspective

Public procurement is increasingly viewed as having important potential to drive innovation. Despite this interest, numerous barriers prevent the public sector from acting as an intelligent and informed customer. This paper seeks to understand how barriers related to processes, competences, procedures and relationships in public procurement influence suppliers? ability to innovate and to reap the benefits of innovation. We address this by exploiting a dedicated survey of public sector suppliers in the UK, using a probit model to investigate the influence of structural, market and innovation determinants on suppliers? perception of these barriers.     

Policy-driven ecosystems for new vaccine development

This paper examines the relationship between biomedical policies and entrepreneurial R&D strategies. Public health programs have been unable to provide effective and affordable treatment of infectious diseases for the poor. While governments have become more open to private sector contributions to policy objectives, it is rare to find new ventures commercializing healthcare innovations for neglected diseases. Two case studies of entrepreneurial ventures, in the UK and China, provide evidence on how resource-constrained firms mobilize participants in policy-specific ecosystems to achieve their goals of new vaccine development for tuberculosis. Ecosystem analysis reveals how the innovators’ business models can align their strategies with national policy objectives.