Agent-system co-development in supply chain research: Propositions and demonstrative findings

In this study, we develop an agent-system co-development (ASC) theoretical framework for behavioral research in supply chains. The ASC framework aims at explaining the dynamic agent-system relationships in supply chains whereby both action-influencing properties of human agents (e.g., beliefs, personalities, attitudes) and governance-influencing properties of supply chain systems (e.g., social norms, power-dependence, partnerial/adversarial relationship forms) mutually influence each other over time. Two empirical studies are conducted to illustrate how ASC can be a useful theoretical framework in supply chain research and to partially validate the central thesis of ASC in the contexts of partnerial/adversarial supply chain relationships and cooperative/competitive attitudes of human agents in supply chains. The results of both studies support the central thesis of ASC regarding the dynamic agent-system relationships. From two replicated experiments in Study 1, the results suggest that agents’ cooperative and competitive attitudes in business relationships are altered as they are exposed to different supply chain conditions of partnerial and adversarial relationships. In addition, from the multi-method research efforts in Study 2, the results from two survey studies and an experiment are largely consistent with one another, suggesting that personnel turnovers in existing supply chain systems can eventually lead to changes in supply-chain-system properties including the degrees of long-term commitment, information sharing, and joint problem-solving between supply chain partners, as well as the frequency of opportunism occurrences in the supply chains. Finally, we propound that the dynamic agent-system relationships proposed in the ASC framework can be a useful analytical lens in viewing various supply chain issues, such as supply chain evolutions and changes, supply chain designs and personnel decisions, and self-reinforcing feedback loops and decision tendencies in supply chains.     

广告代言人能打动消费者吗

特许连锁经营的法律界定的实质意义在于确定起经营责任及债权债务的承担。商业特许连锁经营合同的标的为经营技术资产,具有无形资产的特征。以此界定特许连锁,并与直营连锁、自愿连锁相区别。加盟费、使用费是特许者授权被特许者使用经营技术资产的代价。对特许连锁经营的法     

埋刮板输送机刮板链条及其选用

在粮油加工行业,大多习惯用刮板链条的外观尺寸,即宽、高和节距来表示所选用的刮板链条。刮板链条在埋刮板输送机中被拖拽运动,承受张力。在MS型、MC型和MZ型输送机中,刮板链条承受的张力是不一样的。Z埋刮板输送机中,刮板链条所受的张力最大,在垂直埋刮板输送机次之。通过比较可以看出,V形刮板链务的宽、高和节距相同时,适用于MC型埋刮板输送机的V形刮板链条与适用于MZ型埋刮板输送机的V形刮板链条,许用载荷的差别很大。     

零售连锁特许体系加盟商加盟动机之实证研究

作为逐渐被国内尤其是中大型零售企业所采用的连锁特许经营方式,现有研究往往立足于企业总部缘何采用连锁经营,却很少关注加盟商加入连锁经营体系的动机为何。本文在文献探讨的基础上推导出加盟商可能的加盟动机,并从已有的连锁体系形成理论中寻找相应的理论支持,并以广州地区某现代连锁便利店为对象进行实证研究。数据表明,获得加盟总部的商标品牌、降低资讯成本和交易成本是现有加盟商加入便利店连锁体系的动机。     

芜湖汽车及零部件产业集群升级研究——基于全球价值链视角

产业集群是促进区域经济发展的重要动力。如何提升产业集群的竞争力,已成为理论界关注的热点。嵌入全球价值链,不仅能够使地方产业集群进入国际市场,而且能够沿着价值链进行产业升级,由价值链的低附加值环节向高附加值环节移动。不同的价值链治理模式对产业升级有不同的影响。产业集群应在充分认识自身所处价值环节的基础上,选择适合自身发展的升级模式。     

Trend forecasting for stability in supply chains

This paper revisits the use of trend forecasting to determine ordering policy in supply chains by viewing it as a part of the control process for making the supply responsive to demand. Trend forecasting is often used to assess demand — a tracked variable in the control context, which drives supply — a tracking variable. Used in this way, it is often observed to increase instability creating the so-called bullwhip effect. Trend is used on the other hand with reliability to increase stability in controller control, but with the difference that a trend of a tracking variable is used to drive correction. While both processes involve use of trend to determine policies for achieving reliable performance, the outcomes of the former are variable while those of the later can create improvement in control with certainty. The similarities and differences between the two processes are discussed and guidelines developed for applying trend forecasting to enhance stability in supply chains.     

全球价值链的发展改变了什么

全球价值链的发展改变了国际贸易的性质,并对收入的形成、竞争力的衡量和贸易政策的制定产生了重要影响。全球价值链创造了财富,但不同国家的财富增长速度是不同的;全球价值链也改变了竞争力的意义,使得竞争力的衡量更加侧重于企业的跨境生产;全球价值链加深了国家之间的依赖,政策合作更加重要。     

全球价值链理论与我国产业发展研究

随着生产和贸易全球化的不断深入,世界价值创造体系在全球出现了前所未有的垂直分离和再构。面对这一国际分工大转换的背景,本文旨在通过引入全球价值链理论对我国如何面对全球产业转移和竞争有一个由宏观到微观多层次多角度系统的认识。本文回顾了全球价值链理论20多年的形成历程,理清理论传承和主要研究思路;对全球价值链理论中的动力机制、治理结构、产业升级等诸多方面进行了概括性探究和由此引发的诸多发展启示;最后,给出了研究和应用全球价值链理论的一些总结和建议。     

A critique of high-value supply chains as a means of modernising agriculture in China: The case of the beef industry

China has embarked on an agricultural modernisation program with far-reaching implications for rural development, food safety and trade. A major focus of China’s agricultural modernisation program has been to build high-value supply chains and large, modern agro-industrial enterprises. This paper provides a critique of these efforts in the case of the high-value beef supply chain. It finds that interventionist policies to fast-track the development of high-value supply chains have perverse outcomes and that a more incremental and facilitative approach to modernisation should be pursued based around the development of mid-value supply chains.     

论转型期我国煤炭企业产业链的整合与分化

煤炭企业的发展不仅受其本身的资源与能力的影响,还与其所在产业链的上下游企业的协作有关。煤炭企业应利用战略转型的时机,合理规划产业链的整合与分化,以谋求基于产业链效率的竞争优势。