The optimal disposition decision for product returns

We provide an analytic model for the optimal disposition decision for product returns. The manager decides which product returns to accept for processing at the remanufacturing facility, and which ones to sell immediately as-is at a salvage value. High congestion levels in the remanufacturing facility delay the sale of the remanufactured product at the secondary market, decreasing the value at which it can be sold; this may imply a more attractive salvaging option. This is particularly important for high-tech products with short life cycles, such as computers and printers. We propose a two-step policy. In the first step, the returned product’s random processing time is observed. In the second step, a disposition decision is made: if the processing time is larger than a threshold k* the product is salvaged; otherwise the product is remanufactured. We provide an approximate procedure to compute k* in industrial settings. Our numerical study demonstrates the superiority of our policy over the current industrial practice ignoring the time value of money.     

产业升级研究综述及展望

产业升级既是现实问题,又是经济学理论的重要研究课题。国内外学者依据不同的研究理论和方法,从不同的角度对产业升级进行研究,并各自得出不同的结论。到目前为止,理论界对产业升级的研究还并未达成共识。首先对产业升级的内涵进行界定,将产业升级的类型分为单个产业升级和产业结构升级。其次基于产业升级研究的理论基础,从发展经济理论、价值链理论和模块化理论出发,对以往的研究文献进行梳理和评析,最后对产业升级未来的研究方向进行探讨。     

Transaction Cost Theory and International Business

I discuss the cross-fertilization between transaction cost theory (TCT) and international business (IB), showing how TCT provides a powerful lens to study the institutions that organize international interdependencies, and especially multinational enterprises (MNEs). I then discuss some of the insights that IB can provide for the further development of TCT. I argue that a full explanation of why MNEs exist must rely on information asymmetry as well as asset specificity, and that the study of modes of foreign market entry leads to alternative viewpoints on equity joint ventures and hybrids. I conclude by stressing the need for a simultaneous consideration of market transaction costs and internal organization costs when examining governance choices.     

Transdisciplinary Research in Sustainable Operations – An Application to Closed‐Loop Supply Chains

This contribution provides implications for academic research and practitioners, as it identifies the lack, necessity and major benefits of transdisciplinary research and the collaboration of academics and industry in order to fulfill the goals of a sustainable supply chain. Closed‐loop supply chain management is a major contributor to implementing sustainable operations. An essential prerequisite for successful realization is the expertise and cooperation of representatives from engineering, management and natural sciences as well as practice. We identify a need for transdisciplinary collaboration within two steps. First, a literature review points out that various research disciplines as well as practice mostly operate in isolation. Second, we develop a framework that highlights the benefits of collaboration between these research areas. This paper provides an overview to better understand current trends in this complex field, which is a rich area for research that is still in its infancy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

最优控制下民办高校科研激励的共享努力合同设计——基于间接原料供应模型的思考

长期以来,科研工作的突破一直是我国民办高校的困扰,其难点在于如何确定在最优控制科研投入水平下的激励教师提高科研产出水平。本文首先确定民办高校科研产出的最优水平,然后以间接原料供应模型为基础,通过共享努力合同的设计以提高学校和教师双方的努力程度,最终达到动态最优化。     

Vertical Trade Maps

We develop a method to map global network production and vertical trade. Based on product‐level trade data across a matrix of 75 countries, an index measures the intensity of bilateral vertical trade and a force‐directed algorithm lays it out for visualization as a world map of production networks. Three major hubs in the global networks are identified: the USA, Germany and China–Japan. Outside Asia and apart from Mexico, mainly because of its maquiladoras network ties to the USA, we find that developing countries are not yet fully part of the global production networks.     

新邦物流时效管理探析

新邦物流始终将顾客满意放在第一位,积极推行时效管理。公司通过加强各环节时效管理,完善公司时效链,形成了有效、规范的时效系统性管理。在未来的发展中,公司需要加强部门协作与过程控制,优化单证设计,推行标杆管理,推进信息化建设,完善运输配送模式,不断提升时效服务水平,推动现代物流的创新与社会发展。     

卖菜难、买菜贵 聚焦中国物流顽症

目前,山东等蔬菜基地的蔬菜价格暴跌,而南京等城市商超及批发市场的蔬菜价格却居高不下。调查发现物流成本约占菜价八成,物流问题直接关系着卖菜难、买菜贵,而乱收费、乱罚款、限制多等因素已成为物流业的突出问题。通过研究发现,中国物流流通环节过多、流通成本比重较大、城市配送体系不完善、海铁联运不畅、运输空载严重及中国固有的＂怪胎＂商业模式导致农产品等价格上扬,提出了健全的法律法规体系、完善的物流基础设施建设、具有现代信息平台的供应链系统等,可以引导中国物流走向正常、合理、有序的轨道。     

闭环供应链的构建与废旧品翻新——以富士施乐为例

自然资源的枯竭、生态环境的破坏和废物处置成本的上升使得企业、社会和环境的可持续发展面临严峻挑战。以富士施乐为研究对象，对其构建闭环供应链的内在机理进行剖析，分析了国际废旧品翻新网络的布局，并指出废旧品翻新能够创造显著的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。最后，从企业、政府和顾客角度，提出了确立崭新的资源概念、改变传统的设计理念、建立发达的信息网络、设计可行的生态标准、培育宽松的市场环境、加大附加值翻新的力度、转变传统的销售／煲勾买模式和积极履行社会责任等八大建议和措施。