Entry and the Number of Firms in the Swedish Pharmaceuticals Market

This paper analyses the factors that determineentry into the Swedish pharmaceuticals market. The analysis is based onpanel data for 22 different substances covering the years 1972 to 1996. Theresults show that profit opportunities in a particular market have apositive impact on entry. In addition, there is some evidence suggestingthat the length of the patent protection period has a negative impact onentry.     

Re-examining online customer experience to include purchase frequency and perceived risk

This research examines the important emerging area of online customer experience (OCE) using data collected from an online survey of frequent and infrequent online shoppers. The study examines a model of antecedents for cognitive and affective experiential states and their influence on outcomes, such as online shopping satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The model also examines the relationships between perceived risk, trust, satisfaction and repurchase intentions. Theoretically, the study provides a broader understanding of OCE, through insights into two shopper segments identified as being important in e-retailing. For managers, the study highlights areas of OCE and their implications for ongoing management of the online channel.     

高炮随动系统自动测试中正弦机发送频率的确定

在某型高炮随动系统测试中,正弦机的发送频率直接影响着输出信号的平滑度,从而会影响测试的精度。为了避免在正弦机运行过程中,计算耗用过多机时,在正弦机发送之前,先计算出每个位置信号、前馈信号的数值,存放于内存中。本文根据该正弦机信号的特点,分析了几种正弦机角位置信号发送频率方式的优缺点,确定了正弦机发送频率的方式。     

运用列克西斯图分布编制生命表-双死亡数线性方法

利用按年龄和死亡时间收集的死亡数据 ,本研究提供了一种新的生命表计算方法。该方法的优点是利用了原有的死亡分布模式     

兼容网卡配置服务器对网卡的作用

针对建立 Windows NT无盘工作站中存在的一些问题 ,重点介绍了利用兼容网卡配置服务器对网卡的支持 ,并以实例说明其应用。     

Causality effects in return volatility measures with random times

We provide a structural approach to identify instantaneous causality effects between durations and stock price volatility. So far, in the literature, instantaneous causality effects have either been excluded or cannot be identified separately from Granger type causality effects. By giving explicit moment conditions for observed returns over (random) duration intervals, we are able to identify an instantaneous causality effect. The documented causality effect has significant impact on inference for tick-by-tick data. We find that instantaneous volatility forecasts for, e.g., IBM stock returns must be decreased by as much as 40% when not having seen the next quote change before its (conditionally) median time. Also, instantaneous volatilities are found to be much higher than indicated by standard volatility assessment procedures using tick-by-tick data. For IBM, a naive assessment of spot volatility based on observed returns between quote changes would only account for 60% of the actual volatility. For less liquidly traded stocks at NYSE this effect is even stronger.     

利用矢量网络分析仪测量时延特性的方法

解释了无线射频系统时延指标测量的意义及重要性,介绍了使用矢量网络分析仪进行时延指标测量的基本原理,归纳了网络分析仪进行线性器件、变频器件时延测量的测量方法,重点分析了变频器件时延测量的三种方法的原理、步骤和准确度.     

预应力混凝土梁桥自振特性分析

建立双折线预应力钢筋混凝土等直梁的强迫振动的运动微分方程,分析了梁在预应力钢筋作用下的横向振动问题,将运动微分方程解耦,得到梁在预应力作用下自振频率的解析解,分析了梁的自振频率与预应力和偏心距的关系,通过实例计算,得到了梁在不同预应力时梁桥的自振频率曲线。     

新型波导-微带对脊鳍线过渡设计

介绍了一种新型的宽带波导-微带对脊鳍线过渡设计。它利用对脊鳍线自身结构的调整,就可以对频带内谐振频率产生抑制作用,不需外加任何谐振抑制结构或金属孤岛,减少了设计和制造的复杂性。这种紧凑的过渡模型不仅结构简单、尺寸短小,而且可以在宽频带范围内实现较低的插入损耗和回波损耗,方便工程上的应用。对实验样品的测试表明,在Ka全频段内其插入损耗小于0.8 dB。     

Intraday Lead-Lag Relationships Between the Futures-, Options and Stock Market

In rational, efficiently functioning and complete markets, returnson derivative and underlying securities should be perfectlycontemporaneously correlated. Due to market imperfections, oneof these markets may reflect information faster. The use ofhigh-frequency data and the choice for a small unit time intervalto measure these lead-lag relations comes at the cost of someor many missing observations, causing traditional estimatorsto either under- or overestimate covariances and correlations.We use a new estimator to estimate lead-lag relationships betweenthe cash AEX index, options and futures. We find that futuresreturns lead both options and cash index returns by approximately10 minutes. The relationship between options and the cash marketis not completely unidirectional. JEL Classification: G13, G14