Labor market dynamics when effort depends on wage growth comparisons

We present an efficiency wage model in which workers' disutility of effort depends on the level and on the growth rate of their wage relative to an alternative wage. Using data for four countries (US, UK, FR, GY), the implications of the model are examined and are found to be in accordance with the information in the non-stationary data. The restrictions implied by the model dynamics are not rejected by the data and the structural parameters are found to be constant through time. One interesting result is that the workers' disutility of effort depends less on relative wages growth and more on relative wage levels in the US than in the three European countries analyzed. First version received: September 1998 / Final version accepted: November 1999     

The Importance of Adverse Selection in the Credit Card Market: Evidence from Randomized Trials of Credit Card Solicitations

Analyzing unique data from multiple large‐scale randomized marketing trials of preapproved credit card solicitations by a large financial institution, we find that consumers responding to the lender's inferior solicitation offers have poorer credit quality attributes. This finding supports the argument that riskier type borrowers are liquidity or credit constrained and, thus, have higher reservation loan interest rates. We also find a more severe deterioration ex post in the credit quality of the booked accounts of inferior offer types relative to superior offers. After controlling for a cardholder's observable risk attributes, demographic characteristics, and adverse economic shocks, we find that cardholders who responded to the inferior credit card offers are significantly more likely to default ex post. Our results provide evidence on the importance of adverse selection effects in the credit card market.     

盒融IC卡行业应用的范畴和策略

国家明确提出,“要以行业应用为落脚点,实现与互联网支付、移动支付等创新型应用的整合。“十二五”期间全面推进金融Ic卡应用,社保应用要覆盖60％的人口、居民健康卡持有率达80％”,国内商业银行正面临业务发展的战略机遇。在清晰厘定金融IC卡行业应用范畴边界的基础上,商业银行应以战略远景为指引,针对金融Ic卡行业应用的不同类型和特点,采取最有利于发挥优势的实施策略,探索形成适合自身实际情况的业务发展模式,以促进整体价值的持续增加。     

Minimum payments and debt paydown in consumer credit cards

Using a data set covering one quarter of the U.S. general-purpose credit card market, we document that 29% of accounts regularly make payments at or near the minimum payment. To explain the prevalence of low payment amounts, we exploit changes in issuers’ minimum payment formulas to quantify the explanatory power of two potential theories: liquidity constraints and anchoring. At least 22% of near-minimum payers (and 9% of all accounts) respond to the formula changes in a manner consistent with anchoring as opposed to liquidity constraints alone. Our results show that anchoring to a salient contractual term has a significant impact on household repayment decisions.     

Reliability and validity of a short credit card attitude scale in British and American subjects

Short scales to measure affective, cognitive and behavioural attitudes toward credit cards developed from a longer scale were administered to respondents in Great Britain and the United States and found to be highly reliable and valid.     

Attitudes towards Tax Levels: A Multi‐Tax Comparison*

We analyse Swedes' opinions about the levels of 11 different taxes to see which taxes people are most averse to and why. The most unpopular tax is the real estate tax, while the corporate tax is the least unpopular. We find a strong self‐interest effect in tax attitudes and that knowledge and education increase support for corrective taxes.     

智能卡多应用安全管理技术研究

针对当前智能卡业务发展过程遇到的问题，如卡片越来越多，不便于用户携带及使用，卡发行成本高等问题，提出了一种一卡多应用的安全解决方案，并对其中的关键技术进行了深入分析。     

高职课堂创意教学探索——扑克牌在“工作评价”教学中的运用

"工作评价"课程教学对于高职学生来说难度较大,由于缺乏实践操作机会和实际练习条件等,学生对这部分内容理解较为困难,相关知识难以消化,对教学内容印象不深,更难以转化为实际的操作技能。针对此困局,通过教学实践探索,运用扑克牌进行"工作评价"创意教学,经实践检验,课堂教学获得成功,"工作评价"课堂教学困局得以破解。     

预付式消费卡若干法律问题探析

预付费式消费作为一种新的经营模式，对于促进销售增长，刺激经济发展发挥着积极作用，因而近年来在我国社会经济生活中逐步流行。由于我国目前的法律法规对此领域没有明确规定，造成预付式消费卡的发行、流通与管理均比较混乱，易造成比较严重的社会危害后果。本文就我国预付式消费卡的法律监管现状和存在的问题进行了系统分析，提出了法律规制的建议和思考。