绿色供应链研究述评

绿色供应链是改变传统环境治理与企业发展关系的一种方法,它的发展对于促进企业和社会的可持续发展有着重要的影响。需要指出的是,绿色供应链的研究从其概念的提出到现在仅仅只有10多年,还有很多领域等待开发。不仅需要新的理论研究来支撑,还需要研究者多进行实证定量研究,来解决实际中存在的问题。     

基于港口的物流产业集群形成机理与政府作用研究

港口具备了物流产业集群形成的资源禀赋,基于港口的物流产业集群具有明显竞争优势,它是物流专业化水平不断提高的产物。要采用“自下而上”方式,切实加强和发挥政府在培育港口物流产业集群中的引导和扶持作用。     

Internal Marketing at Continental Airlines: Convincing Employees that Management Knows Best

Maintaining a high level of customer service quality is necessary for success, particularly for firms in service industries, but employees need to be motivated to provide it. Management can provide the motivation through the use of compensation schemes and internal marketing. In this paper we examine profit sharing compensation schemes that reward employees for achieving customer service objectives. We discuss how such schemes should be implemented, and explain why management needs to convince employees through internal marketing programs about the benefits of its scheme. We obtain the optimal amount of profit that the firm should share with employees, and the optimal effort it should spend on internal marketing. Finally, we relate the analysis to a successful scheme implemented by Continental Airlines.     

The Propensity To Sue: Why Do People Seek Legal Actions?

Tort costs as a fraction of U.S. GDP have increased over three-fold in the past 50 years, now hovering slightly above two percent. Although there has been much ink spilled blaming the plaintiffs’ bar and so-called hellhole jurisdictions, less has been written about the behavior and attitudes of individual plaintiffs. Using a unique survey from the RAND Corporation, this paper empirically analyzes the perceptual and economic factors that affect the decision of an injured party to seek legal action. We find that, independent of economic incentives, perception of fault is the most important factor in the decision to make a claim. On average, a person who blames another person or firm for his or her injury is four times more likely to claim regardless of the type of injury involved. Unsurprisingly, the severity of injury—either as perceived by the claimant or as measured by actual injury during the accident—is another key factor in explaining the claiming rate. Also, as expected, there is a negative relation between age and claiming behavior. Somewhat unexpectedly, whether the person has had experience with filing before has no independent effect on the decision to claim. JEL Classification K41     

以科学发展观论我国政府支出的管理策略

政府通过财政支出行使职能,和谐社会的构建要求政府有恰当的政府支出规模和科学合理的支出结构。转型时期我国的支出规模和结构都面临着调整和变革。本文认为政府及其职能部门,应立足科学发展观的要求,以各自的立场和职能为基础,从宏观和微观两个层面加强政府支出的管理。     

政府作用与旅游区投资效益

尽管国有资本要逐步退出旅游产业，但这并不意味着政府对旅游业投资管理可以袖手旁观、听其自然。论文从旅游区投资角度出发，分析和强调了政府在宏观调控、政府管制、投资模式选择等5个方面应起的重要作用。     

宏观税收政策与居民消费水平新探

宏观税率直接关系到社会的宏观经济政策和社会的整体经济运行,也关系到居民的日常消费与投资行为。基于经典的宏观经济分析理论,从宏观经济协调发展平衡系统出发,从理论上借助于税收收入的科学计算模型,得出有关动态均衡经济系统的最优税率的一个比较优良的估值模型。该结果表明宏观税率的确定主要决定于社会经济发展的水平和政府支出的规模,取决于社会固定资本存量的规模,而与居民消费水平没有直接的因果关系,从而为宏观税收政策的制定与优化提供一个切实的理论模型。     

关于优化我国政府级次的构想

我国是世界上政府层级最多的国家,设有中央、省(自治区、直辖市)、市(自治州、地区)、县(自治县、市)、乡(民族乡、镇)五级政府。随着构建公共行政、程序行政和责任行政为主体的"服务型"政府管理体制改革的推进,这种"金字塔"型的政府级次的弊端越来越明显,减少中间层次,扩大管理幅度,构建扁平化的政府级次势在必行,即将五级政府扁平化为中央政府、省政府和基层政府的三级政府。     

政府规制行为异化的理论分析--以中国零售业为例

在开放条件下,为提高本土零售业对外资的抗衡能力,政府本应采取一定的产业保护政策,并对外资的不正当竞争行为进行规制;但事实上,部分地方政府却对外资进入给予“超国民待遇”。本文对地方政府规制行为异化的根源进行的理论分析认为:地方政府规制行为异化与政府规制机构的产生、人员的任命与构成、政绩的评价体系以及本土零售业的多数劣势有关。文章最后分析了WTO架构下政府对零售业的规制选择。     

Business Ethics versus Economic Incentives:<Emphasis Type="Italic">Contemporary Issues and Dilemmas</Emphasis>

Contemporary economic thought presumes that individuals in a society always act according to their self-interest or private economic incentives, while important ethical motivations for action, such as a concern for others and public interest, are largely ignored. This paper is based on my experience of teaching an undergraduate course that highlighted the divergence between economic incentives and ethical motives for action in present-day life and business. Teaching tools such as lectures, case and group discussions were employed to address important ethical dilemmas of individuals and managers in contemporary societies. Readings underscored the evolving relationship of business ethics and economic incentives, and the relevance of ancient ethical principles (e.g., Ethics of Interdependence, and Ethics of Prudence and Self-Development) to present-day business ethics. The course emphasized the imminent need in contemporary societies to reduce the divergence between economic incentives and ethical motives for action, and called for a greater understanding of business ethics today, given the complex ethical concerns that managers confront in the current global environment.