HRM Role in EEO: Sheep in Shepherd’s Clothing?

Despite a plethora of laws prohibiting discrimination in employment, supporting and enforcing equal employment opportunity (EEO) principles has proven to be an enormous challenge for those charged with this responsibility. The question often asked is who should exercise this role in organizations. Not surprisingly, there has been a call for HRM to become the guardian of EEO in organizations but should human resource managers be male or female, and/or would line managers be better positioned to assume this responsibility? This paper overviews the literature and then summarizes an empirical study that attempted to address the possible impact of these options as they exist in organizations. One hundred and eighty respondents who met the criterion of having interviewed one or more job applicants in the previous 6 months were systematically selected from business telephone listings. Based on self-reported behaviors, no significant difference was found between the expected and actual distributions of HR and line managers in respect to whether decisions were made on unlawful grounds. The percentage of each respondent category that asked unlawful questions varied from 1% to 36% depending upon the attribute (unlawful ground of discrimination) under consideration. This begs the question as to what value HR managers contribute to EEO in the selection process. The second finding was that significantly less female managers admit to making decisions on the basis of unlawful questions than male managers. Thus, support was found for female line managers as guardians of EEO but no clear justification for HRM in this role.     

多因共振下的校园贷整治难题

作为规制难题的非法校园贷,其生成原因是多元的。小额贷款公司与P2P网贷平台长期面临的“融资贵”问题致使其运营成本上升,直接造成二者在利息设定上普遍偏高,容易向高利贷转化。同时,贯穿整个经营过程中的高度不确定的法律风险,使得小贷公司与网贷平台更为担忧坏账的发生,当举债学生无法如期还款时,倾向于采用非法催收方式逼迫还债。最后,软暴力手段淡化非法催收的违法性,使非法校园贷的发生更富隐蔽性,加剧了公安机关的介入难度。校园贷监管当在扩大银行、大电商这类正规经营主体在校园信贷市场覆盖面的基础上,不断挤压非法校园贷的生存空间,以期实现良币驱逐劣币的效果。     

民间借贷与非法集资交叉案件裁判研究

民间借贷发轫于民间,其建立在个体信用基础之上,这种基于血缘、亲缘、地缘、业缘关系的个体信用容易监督,具有稳定性但不具有成长性。非法集资是以非法占有为目的,以虚构事实、隐瞒真相、虚假宣传的欺骗方法向不特定社会公众集资的犯罪行为。在我国,非法吸收公众存款、集资诈骗、高利转贷等相关联罪名均被列入非法集资。民间借贷与非法吸收公众存款、集资诈骗等刑事纠纷交织在一起,使当事人之间法律关系的性质难以准确判断,因此,民间借贷和非法集资刑民交叉案件成为司法实践中的＂疑难杂症＂,回答这个现实问题,会受到如金融机构、市场、监管机构、公安机关、司法裁判机构等一系列因素的影响。本文从交叉案件现象、交叉案件实体法律关系研究、交叉案件程序处理方式研究、交叉案件裁判研究四方面展开,归纳民间借贷和非法集资刑民交叉案件的法律要点和裁判要旨,形成判断罪与非罪、罪轻与罪重的司法指引。     

US immigration policies and dynamics of cross‐border workforce in agriculture

Given the contentious debate on immigration, this study develops a dynamic model to analyse the effects of stricter border and domestic enforcement and streamlining the guest‐worker programme on cross‐border migration from Mexico, employment and production in US labour‐intensive and Mexican agriculture and the US and Mexican wage rates. The model incorporates labour‐leisure decisions of Mexican workers and labour market dynamics and linkages. The findings show stricter border and domestic controls exacerbate the labour‐shortage problems and reduce the US agricultural production. Streamlining the guest‐worker programme provides a steady supply of farm workers and has negligible impact on the US wage.     

The Antecedents of Music Piracy Attitudes and Intentions

Piracy is the greatest threat facing the music industry worldwide today. This study developed and empirically tested a model examining the antecedents of consumer attitude and behavioral intention toward music piracy behavior. Two types of music piracy behavior, unauthorized duplication/download and pirated music product purchasing, were examined. Based on a field survey in Taiwan, the results showed that attributive satisfaction, perceived prosecution risk, magnitude of consequence, and social consensus are very important in influencing customers attitude and behavioral intention toward two types of music piracy behavior. In addition, singer/band idolization can affect the attitude and behavioral intention in the case of pirated music product purchasing. Perceived proximity was found to affect the attitude and behavioral intention in the case of pirated music product purchasing. However, it only influenced behavioral intention in the case of unauthorized duplication/download.Jyh-Shen Chiou (Ph.D. in Marketing, Michigan State), is professor of Marketing, Department of International Trade, College of Commerce, National Chengchi University, Taiwan. His research focuses on consumer behavior and strategic marketing. His work has been published in Information & Management, Journal of Interactive Marketing, Journal of Service Research, International Journal of Advertising, European Journal of Marketing, Psychology & Marketing, Journal of Social Psychology, Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, etc.Chien-yi Huang, Associate Professor, Department of Infant and Child Care, National Taipei College of Nursing. Sin-hui Lee, Graduate student, Department of International Trade, National Chengchi University.     

非法资金流动行为及其博弈均衡研究——基于演化博弈的分析

运用演化博弈的方法对实施非法资本流动群体的行为和最终均衡分析结果显示,不能指望在对非法资本跨国流动行为的惩罚力度有限的加强之后,这种行为会马上得到抑制.对于监管当局来说,由于非法资本跨国流动的收益是无法控制的,所以为了尽量抑制这种行为,对实施者的惩罚力度应持续加强.而且这种惩罚威胁即使只作用于部分个体,也能有效遏制整体的非法资金流动.     

农地非法流转的制度经济学分析

近年来我国农地私下非法流转严重,且没有得到政府有关管理部门的有效制止,直接威胁到国家耕地保护政策的执行和粮食安全。这种农地私下非法流转的蔓延是现有制度安排之外存在的潜在利润以及外部性的存在导致的。实践中这一问题的解决与土地自身追求流转效率、保护农民利益及推进城市化进程出现了矛盾。为了有效解决农地私下非法流转难题,可以从在城市周边为进城农民提供相应的居住设施、让农民的长远收益大于当前的一次性流转收益、发挥非正式制度的作用等方面采取切实有效措施。     

知识产权保护、技术溢出与创业活跃度——基于国家知识产权示范城市建设的准自然实验

知识产权保护可以通过改变市场中的技术溢出状态对创新和创业活动产生影响。在完全信息动态和静态博弈框架下,知识产权保护一方面可以通过减少非法技术溢出提高创新者的创业利润,另一方面可以通过增加合法技术溢出提高模仿者的创业利润,从而同时促进创新者和模仿者的创业活动。以国家知识产权示范城市建设为准自然实验,采用2005—2018年270个城市面板数据的多时点双重差分检验发现：国家知识产权示范城市政策的实施显著促进了示范城市专利密集型产业的新创企业和有软件著作权信息的新创企业增加,其中存在加强知识产权行政和司法保护、增加技术供给和引用的中介机制,且这种创业促进效应在知识产权保护水平较高和专利转让数量较多的城市中更为明显。上述结果表明,知识产权保护能够通过减少非法技术溢出和增加合法技术溢出的双重路径产生显著的创业促进效应,在非法技术溢出较少和合法技术溢出较多的情形下,知识产权保护和发展的创业促进效应更大。因此,应在加强知识产权保护力度的同时,积极推动知识产权健康发展。     

反洗钱工作现实途径的探讨——从地下钱庄的危害谈起

根据央行《反洗钱报告》显示,我国地下钱庄增势迅猛.由于我国的经济体制处于转轨过程中,反洗钱工作起步较晚,而且我国整个金融体系以及执法机关的信息共享性差,所以,我国反洗钱工作的形势非常紧迫.为了维护国家政治、经济、金融安全和社会秩序,对洗钱活动的手法、特点和规律等进行认真研究,有效地打击地下钱庄,推进国家反洗钱工作的深入开展,对于构建社会主义和谐社会,具有十分重要的意义.     

违法用地对土地可持续集约利用的影响机制及效应研究

研究目的:研究土地违法对土地可持续集约利用的影响机制及效应。研究方法:基于2006—2015年中国省级面板数据,建立土地违法对土地可持续集约利用影响的理论分析框架,并进行实证检验和区域差异分析。研究结果:(1)违法用地对土地可持续集约利用具有正向影响,并且这种影响效应在东部地区最为显著;(2)引入土地市场化因素后,东部地区和中部地区违法用地对土地可持续集约利用的负向影响加剧,且中部地区高于东部地区,而西部地区的影响作用相反,加入土地市场化因素后违法用地对土地可持续集约利用的影响显著为正;(3)违法用地对土地可持续集约利用的影响在空间上具有溢出效应。研究结论:中国需进一步深化土地市场化改革,建立土地出让全过程的监督管理体系,抑制违法用地;创新土地出让方式,提高土地周转效率;实施分区域差异化管理的对策建议。