Achieving Successful Business in China: Assessing the Changing Chinese Culture

This study examines the adaptation of Chinese national culture. Data were collected from companies located in seven areas in China. The responses were averaged to obtain the scores of five culture dimensions in Hofstede’s national culture framework. The findings suggest that the current Chinese national culture profile is dramatically different from the traditional wisdom in the dimensions of power distance, individualism, and masculinity. With China becoming increasingly important to the global economy, understanding the changing Chinese culture will benefit Chinese companies and the Western companies that seek to achieve successful business in China.     

宏观经济学微观基础问题的不同视角与本质

自20世纪60年代以来,宏观经济学的各个分支学科都越来越重视寻找宏观经济理论的微观基础.主流经济学认为,宏观经济理论必须建立在与新古典模型的根本特征相一致的微观经济基础之上;非主流经济学对传统意义上宏观经济学的微观经济基础之争持有很大的怀疑;后凯恩斯主义者认为,真正需要的是微观经济学的宏观经济基础;演化经济理论主张微观基础解释的是社会变迁.文章在对当今微观基础问题争论进行梳理的基础上对宏观经济学体系的内在形成机理和变化趋势进行了探索.     

门格尔的经济学方法论

卡尔·门格尔开启了奥地利学派经济学家重视方法论和哲学基础的传统,并与德国历史学派进行了西方经济学发展史上第一次方法论争论。他的经济学方法论主要体现在如下几方面:基于因果关系的主观主义、以经济学为典型的社会科学研究中密切结合演绎法和归纳法并给予演绎法应有的重视、赞同方法论个人主义,发展出社会制度形成与演化的有机秩序理论。     

从全球金融危机看中国个人与社会关系伦理之维

全球金融危机对我国传统粗放型经济发展模式提出了严峻挑战,而这一挑战的应对,最终要落实到当下中国个人与社会关系的重新思考与科学定位,因为,任何经济发展模式本质都是由一定的人与社会关系所支撑的。文章以伦理学为研究视角,回顾了支撑现当代中、西方经济发展模式的个人与社会关系伦理架构,进而铺陈了当代中国在这一问题研究中的基本路向,这对消解当下金融危机带来的负面影响具有一定积极意义。     

The age of the universal consumer: a reconsideration of Ricardo's politics *

This paper reconsiders Ricardo's political thought, its relationship with his political economy and, more generally, Ricardo's connection with the ‘philosophical radicalism’ of Bentham and James Mill. It is arguedinter alia, that Ricardo's politics were utilitarian and individualistic; that he developed a notion of a shared, homogeneous interest; that he believed that individuals should know their ‘real’ interests as a condition for their suffrage; and that he subscribed to a doctrine of virtual representation. It is also argued that Ricardo was considerably less ‘radical’ in his political views than some previous commentators have recognized.     

Intra-national variation in organizational commitment: evidence from the Chinese context

This study demonstrates how organizational commitment can differ at the sub-national level. We develop and test hypotheses based on levels of economic development and related shifts from collectivism to individualism. The data comprise 1017 retail employees drawn from two economically distinctly different parts of China. We find that organizational commitment is higher in ‘less economically developed’ regions. Affective and normative commitment (NC) negatively predicted turnover intentions, whereas continuance commitment related positively to turnover intentions. Unlike earlier findings using Western samples, this study finds the effect of NC on turnover intentions considerably stronger, suggesting that NC is more predictive of turnover intentions. As expected, our results indicate that continuance commitment is more predictive of turnover intentions in the ‘more economically developed’ regions.     

Tourism as an Agent of Political Socialisation

Relationship between tourism and political socialisation has not been sufficiently studied as a topic of academic inquiry. Linking tourism to the process of political socialisation, this study analyses the influences and mechanisms of red tourism in China as an agent of political socialisation that serves the ruling party's intention to sustain its regime. Based on field studies in the Jinggangshan Scenic Area, we find that red tourism functions adequately as an authorised form of political socialisation. However, the effects of tourism as an agent of political socialisation are dependent on the discursive interactions among consumers, industry operators and the state. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Social networks and opportunity recognition: A cultural comparison between Taiwan and the United States

This paper investigates the moderating effect of national cultural contexts on the relationship between social networks and opportunity recognition. Data obtained from Taiwan and the United States support the proposition that cultural contexts, specifically the individualism‐collectivism dimension, moderate the relationship between tie strength, structural holes, and opportunity recognition. Results indicate that in the United States, tie strength is negatively associated with opportunity identification and structural holes are positively associated with opportunity identification; whereas in Taiwan we find the opposite. The results also show that the interaction effect between bridging ties and tie strength on opportunity recognition varies depending on the cultural context. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对西方个人主义的辩证反思

长期以来,人们对西方个人主义都是怀着敌视的态度,因而对于其合理性的一面也往往被否定,使得我国社会主义、集体主义道德长期以来只重视社会利益,轻视或否定个人利益.但肯定西方个人主义的合理性,并不等于我们必须把个人主义当作我们社会主义的道德原则.相反,西方个人主义由于其本身存在的局限性,受到包括西方资本主义国家在内的专家、学者的反对.