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91.
Urs Springer 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2003,25(4):501-513
Through Joint Implementationand the Clean Development Mechanism, reductionsof greenhouse gas emissions achieved abroad canbe credited to domestic firms. However, thetechnical, economic and political risksinvolved may prevent the private sector frominvesting in such projects. This paperdescribes three types of risks which emissionreduction projects are exposed to. Eleven pilotprojects carried out under the ActivitiesImplemented Jointly (AIJ) program and financedby Sweden are evaluated. Actual project costsare found to exceed projected costs in allcases. Annual emission reductions also deviatefrom their expected values and vary stronglyover time, supporting the hypothesis that suchprojects are risky business. The riskmanagement tool portfolio diversification isapplied to a sample of Swedish AIJ projects.The results indicate that diversification canreduce the risks of greenhouse gas mitigationprojects significantly. Thus, carbon funds area promising way of lowering the risks of theKyoto Mechanisms for private sector investors. 相似文献
92.
Valuing a change in the risk of death is a key input into the calculation of the benefits of environmental policies that save
lives. Typically such risks are monetized using the Value of a Statistical Life (VSL). Since the majority of the lives saved
by environmental policies are those of older persons, there has been much recent debate about whether the VSL should be lower
for the elderly to reflect their fewer remaining life years. We conducted a contingent valuation survey in the UK, Italy and
France designed to answer this question. The survey was administered in these three countries following a standardized protocol.
Our results suggest that the VSL is €1.022 million or €2.264 million, depending on whether we use median or mean WTP. The
VSL is not significantly lower for older persons, but is higher for persons who have been admitted to a hospital or emergency
room for cardiovascular and respiratory problems. Income is positively and significantly associated with WTP. The income elasticities
of the WTP increase gradually with income levels and are between 0.15 and 0.5 for current income levels in EU countries. We
use the responses to the WTP questions to estimate the value of an extension in remaining life expectancy. The value of a
loss of one year’s life expectancy is €54,000 or €163,000. 相似文献
93.
投资选择权约束、意见分歧与中国股市风险 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
特定的股票总是被市场上特定的投资者群体持有 ,以反映该投资者群体对投资资产价格的评估意见。投资者意见的分歧会导致股票市场的资产出清价格偏离均值 ,股票价格趋于均衡的波动幅度也会变大。中国股市上投资者投资选择权的约束加大了投资者的意见分歧。扩大投资者的投资选择权来促进投资者意见分歧程度的缩小能有效降低中国股市的风险。 相似文献
94.
反向抵押贷款作为一种金融产品,其核心问题是风险管理,但目前国内对于反向抵押款风险的研究仅仅停留在简单对国外文献的翻译上,并未结合中国实际进行具体分析.结合中国具体实际对反向抵押贷款中的三级风险作了详细分析,并对反向抵押贷款中的风险防范提了几点建议. 相似文献
95.
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97.
ABSTRACTOur study presents empirical evidence about the role of ownership structure for firm exit probability by explicitly differentiating between distinct exit routes (bankruptcy and forced liquidation, voluntary liquidation, mergers and acquisitions – M&A, and removal from the court register). Based on the population of Slovenian firms in the 2006–2012 period and using multinomial probit, our findings support the predictions of agency theory. Ownership concentration, share of the largest owner, and the difference in shares between two largest owners all decrease the likelihood of exit for all studied exit routes but M&A. The magnitude of their impact is largest for exits, in which owners play a decisive role, i.e. voluntary liquidation and removal. The link between the number of primary owners and exit likelihood is U-shaped with the lowest exit probability for firms with around two owners. 相似文献
98.
在问卷调查的基础上,构建我国中西部县域PPP模式的风险因素评价指标体系。经过风险指标权重的计算,从19个风险中筛选出9个制约中西部县域PPP项目的关键风险因素,并通过相关检验和因素分析将其划分到4个关键风险组群,分别为政治风险、经济风险、市场环境风险和合作风险。结果显示:政治风险为制约PPP发展的最主要风险组群,而项目收益不足则是评分最高的单项风险因素。 相似文献
99.
Var模型与我国的金融风险管理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
张贤云 《南京财经大学学报》2004,(5):41-43
Var模型作为金融风险量化管理的有效方法,在国际金融界得到了广泛的认同和应用。本文介绍了Var模型的基本思想及Var值估算的三种具体方法,并对Var模型在中国金融风险管理中的应用前景进行了分析和展望。 相似文献
100.
传统的久期理论建立在收益曲线平移等严格假设条件上,因而其在实践中的有效性大大降低了。根据Markowitz(1959)等理论可推导出:资产价格的总风险包括收益的方差和全久期向量两部分;假若商业银行采取现金中性(cash neutrality)的资产交易策略,风险计量模型可转换为线性规划问题,从而可以构建基于利率风险最小化模型的随机免疫策略。也就是说,引入随机免疫的理念来替代经典的免疫理论,通过实证分析得出:无现金交易条件下的随机免疫策略能够降低利率风险。 相似文献