基于DEA模型的河南地区物流企业投入产出效率分析

建立评价物流投入产出的指标,基于DEA的C2R和C2GS2模型,分析研究了2012年河南地区17个城市的物流投入产出效率。结果表明,DEA总体无效的城市有10个,河南地区物流投入产出纯技术平均效率、纯规模平均效率以及总体平均效率分别是0.78、0.90、0.72。说明物流效率偏低的主要原因是纯技术效率偏低,并对DEA总体无效的城市提出了物流业发展建议。     

异质性能源消耗强度变化及其影响因素分解——基于四川省可比价能源投入产出表

基于2002—2007年四川省可比价能源投入产出表,分析了四川省6部门的异质性能源的完全能耗系数的变化趋势;采用因素分解法,将能耗强度总量变动的影响因素分解为直接能耗变化、产品技术变化和最终需求结构变化,并分析了不同因素对能源消耗强度变化的影响程度。结果表明:2002—2007年间,除农业外,其他产业部门的煤炭完全能耗系数均呈下降趋势;除了建筑业的天然气完全能耗系数呈上升趋势外,其他产业部门的该系数均呈先升后降的趋势;最终需求结构变动促使各类能源的消耗强度总量呈正向变化;直接能耗变动是影响4类能源的消耗强度变动的最主要因素。     

广东省信息产业投入产出分析

信息技术及其产业的发展已经成为世界经济新的增长点和国际竞争新的制高点。广东省在实现由经济大省向经济强省转变过程中,正在大力发展信息产业。通过分析广东省信息产业的投入产出,导出其投入产出表,并进一步分析广东省信息产业与其他产业的经济依存关系,得知广东省信息产业对其他产业有极强的带动作用,而且对国内生产总值增长的贡献率很高。     

基于投入产出表分析的沿海地区服务业主导产业选择基准体系构建研究——以福建省为实证

从区域投入产出表分析出发,探讨沿海地区服务业主导产业选择基准,并计算出相关基准指标系数和基准指标权重,通过将这些评判基准综合组合应用,从而构建沿海地区服务主导产业选择基准体系,并以福建省进行实证研究。研究结果表明：①采用比较优势基准、需求导向基准、产业效益基准和产业关联基准等四个基准来共同构建沿海地区服务业主导产业选择基准体系,可为沿海地区主导产业选择及主导产业发展对策制定提供一定的科学参考。②福建工业化后期阶段服务业主导产业存在以生产性服务业为主生活性服务业为辅发展特征。③福建省应选择交通运输仓储和邮政业、金融业、信息传输计算机服务和软件业、租赁和商务服务业、文化体育和娱乐业、批发和零售业作为现阶段服务业主导产业。④福建省服务业主导产业应根据各自特点采取先行发展、加快发展、创新发展、鼓励发展、培育发展和重点发展等发展对策。     

江苏省虚拟水贸易结构调整研究

基于江苏省2012年投入产出表及水资源公报的统计数据,运用修正后的投入产出模型,定量计算江苏省贸易用水强度、虚拟水净输出量,并通过调整贸易结构,最大化实现节水效应。研究表明:2012年江苏省虚拟水贸易整体上呈现净流入,有利于节约省内水资源;从贸易额调整来看,在设定的5%、10%、15%3个调整幅度的基础上改变传统的贸易输出、输入结构,化学产品、煤炭采选产品部门出现大规模节水效应,随着调整幅度的增加,净输出量大的部门节水效应越来越大。江苏省虚拟水贸易是当前实现资源节约与经济发展的重要方式。     

Structural transformation in emerging economies: leading sectors and the balanced growth hypothesis

The paper uses the World Input-Output Database to address patterns of structural transformation in BRIC countries, Indonesia, South Korea, Mexico and Turkey. Sectoral drivers of aggregate labour productivity growth, and the relative importance of within-sector versus employment reallocation effects on aggregate labour productivity growth, are evaluated using growth accounting decomposition methods. Decomposition results are used to assess how patterns of structural transformation relate to macroeconomic performance in terms of aggregate labour productivity, output and employment growth. Together with the construction of ‘Hirschman compliance indices’, decomposition results are also used to shed light on the balanced versus unbalanced growth debates. The paper goes on to assess the extent of complementarities between manufacturing and information and communications technology-intensive advanced services through intermediate inputs, comparing the eight emerging countries with G7 countries over time.     

创新高校图书馆读者服务，提高服务效益

该文从经济学视角论述了市场经济条件下的高校图书馆应树立效益观念，可尝试将投入产出原理运用到图书馆工作中，积极开展读者服务创新，使图书馆有限的人力、物力、财力得到合理配置，提高服务效益，满足读者需求。     

A new approach to modeling waste in physical input-output analysis

It is important to treat waste properly in physical input-output analysis and a series of publications discussed this topic in this journal recently. In this paper, we propose a new approach to deal with physical input-output table (PIOT) measured in a single mass unit, by which the structure of PIOT need not be changed. The new approach yields consistent and reasonable results. It not only is simpler than the existing approaches but also can reflect the physical reality of economic systems. We first discuss and clarify the concept of different kinds of inputs and outputs of economic systems. We then present the details of the new approach. During the process we define a new multiplier, which builds a bridge between the total input and the final demand in PIOT, just like the traditional Leontief inverse in MIOT. We select the three-sector PIOT for Germany 1990 as a case study to show the validity of the new approach. Finally, we prove the equivalence between the new approach, Suh's approach and Dietzenbacher's approach and the equivalence of non-waste part and waste part multiplier of the new approach and Dietzenbacher's approach.     

The Japanese information economy: Its quantification and analysis in a macroeconomic framework (with comparisons to the U.S.)

Japan is one of the leading information societies and there is official policy promotion of its information economy image. In this study the information sector of Japan is measured and analysed within a macroeconomic framework, using input-output techniques. Important benchmark statistics on both the primary and secondary information sectors are derived and compared to those obtained in an earlier study of the U.S. The analysis reveals the high growth potential of both information sectors in the two economies. However, important inter-country differences also emerge, in particular in regard to the amount of resources devoted to the information task at the disaggregated sector level. This leads to a discussion of the relationship between investment in the information sector, organisational design, informational efficiency and productivity growth, which is seen to be of crucial importance for the future success or failure of the two economies. Limitations of the approach adopted in this study and areas for further research are indicated.     

基于TiVA数据库的中国出口贸易增加值研究

利用世界投入产出表和Ti VA数据库,发现1995-2009年中国出口产品的国内增加值在下降,国外增加值在提高,但近年来国内增加值有回升态势。对中国出口产品所蕴含的国内部门的直接增加值、国内部门的间接增加值、进口投入品中的国内增加值以及国外部门的增加值进行了分解,并以中国电气和光学设备制造业为例,对其全球价值链进行解构分析,发现国内外很多部门都对中国电气和光学设备的出口贡献了增加值,服务业部门的贡献率不容忽视。中国制造业应当加强自主研发,不断提高出口产品的国内增加值,大力推动国内服务业的发展,更好地支持制造业参与全球价值链分工。