制造型企业的超集群学习模式——基于“东汽”和“格兰仕”的案例研究

提出超集群学习模式与集群企业的成长路径之间存在动态匹配关系,并对此进行了理论分析。在此基础上,比较了"东汽"和"格兰仕"两家本土企业在其转型成长过程中所运用的超集群学习模式的异同,进一步论证了超集群学习模式的理论模型,解析了不同企业运用超集群学习模式的异同,证明了超集群学习模式对企业转型成长具有推动作用。     

新创企业的成长：产业机会、行为资源与创业学习

越来越多的研究正在探讨创业研究的理论范式,早期的研究大多关注新企业的形成而对新企业的成长注意不够。本文认为,创业研究的重点应该关注新企业的成长,并试图提出理论构架,强调新企业的成长是一个环境依赖的动态学习过程,又是一个转换机会、资源创造的战略行为。     

The Use of Narrative Interview in Teaching Principles of Macroeconomics

The author describes the design and implementation of one experiential learning assignment used in a principles of macroeconomics course. The learning exercise provides an active role for students and results in a relational experience that provides traditional undergraduate students with a frame of reference with which to interpret the impact of macroeconomic events and policy on their daily lives.     

A review of experience curve analyses for energy demand technologies

Transitioning towards a sustainable energy system requires the large-scale introduction of novel energy demand and supply technologies. Such novel technologies are often expensive at the point of their market introduction but eventually become cheaper due to technological learning. In order to quantify potentials for price and cost decline, the experience curve approach has been extensively applied to renewable and non-renewable energy supply technologies. However, its application to energy demand technologies is far less frequent. Here, we provide the first comprehensive review of experience curve analyses for energy demand technologies. We find a widespread trend towards declining prices and costs at an average learning rate of 18 ± 9%. This finding is consistent with the results for energy supply technologies and for manufacturing in general. Learning rates for individual energy demand technologies are symmetrically distributed around the arithmetic mean of the data sample. Absolute variation of learning rates within individual technology clusters of 7 ± 4%-points and between technology clusters of 7 ± 5%-points both contribute to the overall variability of learning rates. Our results show that technological learning is as important for energy demand technologies as it is for energy supply technologies. Applying the experience curve approach to forecast technology costs involves, however, unresolved uncertainties, as we demonstrate in a case study for the micro-cogeneration technology.     

Diffusion with variable production lead times

When there is not one obvious candidate technology, entrants to a new industry face a non-trivial choice between longer lead times in the setting up of production and a better chance that the technology could successfully deliver. This paper shows how this tradeoff may yield gradual diffusion. Diffusion is more protracted in industries where learning opportunities are more bountiful. The equilibrium minimizes the long-run equilibrium price, just as in the standard Marshallian model of a competitive industry. The market structure does not seem to affect the rate of diffusion with the monopoly choosing the same rate of diffusion that prevails in competition despite restricting output.