审计风险模式的演变及风险导向审计的新发展

随着社会经济的发展和企业经营的复杂化,传统风险导向审计方法已经难以适应社会的需要,现代风险导向审计应运而生。本文从审计风险模式的演变入手,从审计准则和审计实务两个方面介绍了风险导向审计的最新发展,并在此基础上提出对我国的启示和借鉴之处。     

The Unintended Consequences of the Frequency of PCAOB Inspection

After more than 50 years of self‐regulation of the US auditing profession, the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) as a quasi‐governmental entity with statutory authority to inspect accounting firms that audit public clients. The frequency of this inspection is annual or triennial, based upon the number of public clients the firm audits. We examine the effects of these two levels of inspection frequency on financial reporting quality and audit fees for clients of small and midsize public accounting firms. Our findings provide evidence of significantly higher audit quality and audit fees for clients of annually inspected firms relative to clients of triennially inspected firms. These findings are robust to auditor‐client alignment analyses, propensity score matching, time‐series analyses, examination of firms that have changed from triennial to annual inspection, and particular examination of firms with inspection deficiencies. Overall, our study suggests that the two‐tier frequency system of PCAOB inspection may have also resulted in two‐tier audit quality and audit fee systems for small and midsize public accounting firms, with more frequent inspection leading to more rigorous and informed auditor decisions. We discuss the implications of our results for the Board and the profession at large.     

做好医院内部审计工作的几点思考

目前,随着我国社会经济的高速发展,医疗产业发展与经营形式的不断变化,医疗资源紧缺与群众就医需求的矛盾凸显,对医疗机构的内控管理提出了更高的要求。完善内部审计机制,优化内控管理的整体质量,不仅是新时期医院实现自我监督的改革路径,同时也是提升医疗资源配置形式,协调不同工作部门责任关系的关键内容。在此基础上,建立现代化内部审计机制,结合医院新时期发展特征,不断调整内控机制中不适应发展需求的部分,已经成为当前阶段医疗机构满足内部发展需求,创新财务管理模式的首要任务。     

Analysts' Cash Flow Forecasts,Audit Effort,and Audit Opinions on Internal Control

We examine the economic impact of analysts’ cash flow forecasts by looking at how external auditors respond to financial analysts’ issuance of cash flow forecasts. Using a differences‐in‐differences approach, we find that financial analysts’ initiation of cash flow forecasts leads to reduced auditor fees and audit report lags. Moreover, after cash flow forecast initiation, firms report fewer Section 404(b) internal control weakness disclosures. These findings suggest that cash flow forecasts constrain earnings manipulation and improve management accounting behavior, thereby reducing inherent and control risk and strengthening firms’ internal control over financial reporting.     

金融发展地区差异对投资的影响——基于我国省域综列数据的实证研究

文章利用1995￣2004年全国28个地区的统计数据,构建了我国省域金融发展综列数据集,并运用固定效应模型对地区金融发展给地区投资带来的影响进行了实证分析。文章认为,我国地区层面的金融发展对地区投资仍然存在正向影响;地区金融发展促进投资增长呈现明显的地区差异;对外开放对各地区的投资增长有显著作用,东部略大,中部次之,西部略小;投资与经济增长之间没有明显的加速提升效应;我国金融改革的当务之急是完善金融结构的功能,改善金融体系功能低下的现状,提高投资效率。     

现代公司治理结构下内部控制的建立与完善

本文论述了现代公司治理结构的完善和治理机制的顺畅在建立和完善企业内部控制中的重要作用,回顾和分析了内部控制的发展历史,论述了它在企业管理中的重要作用及其对公司治理的反作用,并对现代公司治理结构下内部控制与公司治理的协调做了一些有益探索。     

Auditing Goodwill in the Post‐Amortization Era: Challenges for Auditors

The elimination of goodwill amortization in 2001 brought about significant change in how companies are required to account for goodwill. This change in accounting also brought with it new challenges for auditors, namely evaluating the reasonableness of management's assumptions related to goodwill valuation. In addition to introducing technical challenges, this task is particularly difficult given the misalignment in incentives it creates between managers who likely prefer to avoid recording an impairment and auditors who seek to minimize the bias in management's impairment testing. This study focuses on the consequences of the misaligned incentives that auditors face under the current goodwill assessment process. We find that the decision to record a goodwill impairment is associated with an increase in the probability of auditor dismissal. Consistent with the presence of significant friction with clients, our results also indicate that the likelihood of auditor dismissals is negatively related to the favorability of the impairment decision. Furthermore, we find that companies impairing goodwill prior to dismissing auditors subsequently employ auditors that are, on average, more favorable to clients in their impairment decisions.     

商业银行内部控制低效的成因及模式重构

我国商业银行金融风险的产生多是由内部控制低效造成,而内部控制低效又源于控制模式的不规范.因此,研究这一课题具有重要的理论价值和现实意义.为探索提高内部控制效果的有效途径,本文在分析我国商业银行内部控制低效成因的基础上,根据COSO报告和ERM的要求,构建了要素式动态控制的立体模式,并对这一模式的构成及其运行方式等进行了深入研究,为商业银行规范内部控制行为和降低金融风险提供了一种行之有效的管理手段.     

论内部审计的地位与功能

内部审计是组织内部高层次的管理与监督,具有反馈咨询、监督控制等功能。单位领导的重视和支持、审计人员素质的提高以及同外部审计的结合是强化内审功能的重要因素。     

加强高校内部控制制度的探讨

高校内部控制制度由控制环境、会计系统和控制程序所组成。加强高校内部控制制度,对于严肃财经纪律,保障学校权益和国有资产完整,有着十分重要的意义。