Output decline and the demise of the CMEA and the USSR: The case of Hungary

The direct effect of market losses in CMEA on Hungarian output was 4%, out of the 18% decline registered in gross output in 1988–1992. Total (direct and indirect) effects amounted to 8%. In the same period Hungary's export expansion in western markets led to direct and total effects equivalent to 2.9% and 5.6% of the 1988 output, respectively. The share of reorientation within this switch from east to west was not negligible, it amounted to 19% of respective trade volumes. The 1991 price explosion of imported inputs inhibited the activity of Hungarian firms only moderately, due to earlier realistic domestic prices. In 1991 Hungary suffered a 26% terms of trade loss, and could have experienced an income terms of trade loss of USD 1400 to 1600 million, had the trade volume of 1990 been repeated. Since adjustments in 1991, much smaller income losses accrued. Due to earlier special tax arrangements, much of the burden of terms of trade losses had to be born by the budget.     

Evolution of trade patterns in the new EU member states

The paper analyses the evolution of the trade specialization pattern in the new EU member states. Relying on the empirical approach of the Markov transition matrices it analyses both the changes in the external shape of the distribution of comparative advantages and the intra‐distribution dynamics. The new members show a dynamic trade pattern: they gained comparative advantages relatively fast in sectors in which they were lagging behind at the beginning of the transition, notably in some ‘high tech’ products. In addition, many specialization improvements occurred in those items for which world demand expanded at the fastest rate over the nineties.     

论"后过渡期"我国境外消费教育服务贸易

当前国际境外消费教育（留学生教育）服务贸易发展迅速，但也呈现出极端的不平衡，国际留学生市场基本上由发达国家垄断。在我国进入“入世后过渡期”阶段，借鉴发达国家经验大力发展境外消费教育服务贸易时应注意：加强质量和特色建设，积极解决留学生费用，针对外国留学生特点进行教学和组织科研，加强教育服务贸易相关问题研究等。     

反贪污犯罪的国际司法协助问题

论述了开展打击贪污犯罪国际司法协助的必要性 ,反贪污中进行国际司法协助的依据和主要内容 ,以及完善我国开展国际司法协助法律制度的建议。     

汇率对产业内贸易的传导和冲击效应——基于中国东盟自由贸易区的分析

本文以中国与东盟六国18类产品的产业内贸易的月度面板数据作为分析基础，通过分析汇率与产业内贸易的传导关系、中国与东盟六国产业内贸易特点，并且建立产业内贸易指数与汇率的VAk模型．对我国的汇率对产业内贸易的冲击作用和动态关系做实证分析。研究发现：一是无论是短期或长期．汇率升值对绝大多数初级产品的产业内贸易是不利的，但在短期内它有助于提升大多数工业制品的产业内贸易水平．长期内对工业制品的产业内贸易冲击效应是分化的。二是汇率升值后长期内对不同劳动密集型产品的产业内贸易发展是一样的。三是无论是短期还是长期，初级产品的产业内贸易对汇率冲击的反应相当微弱．工业制品反应相对较强。     

国外港口物流的发展与启示

比较了世界港口物流的发展特点,分析了我国港口物流的现状及其问题,提出了进一步发展我国港口的建议。     

标准化在与国际惯例接轨中的民族性浅议

本文从标准化的定义与实践切入，揭示了标准化在与国际惯例接轨中应当坚持对等原则，双方一致原则及民族性的必要性，并针对误区提出了解决对策     

工程计价模式改革与投标报价的研究

适应我国加入WTO与国际工程管理接轨的需要，推行工程量清单计价模式已势在必行，广大施工企业必须及时转变观念，加强针对新的计价模式相适应的投标报价技巧研究，为企业参与投标竞争，自主报价打下良好的基础。     

武夷山与国际旅游城市

分析了武夷山创建国际旅游城市的优势和存在的问题,指出武夷山创建国际旅游城市,要坚持科学发展观,从旅游城市向城市旅游发展,加强城市旅游目的地建设,对遗产地进行保护性开发经营.     

国外标准化战略及其对我国的影响

简要介绍了欧盟及美、日等国的标准化战略及标准化发展趋势，并就其对我国标准化工作的影响进行了分析。