桥梁加固设计方案的技术经济评价研究

桥梁加固设计方案的选择既是一个技术问题,更是一个经济问题,目前还没有较为成熟和系统的方法。运用工程经济学的基本原理,对既有桥梁加固在其寿命周期内可能产生的各项费用进行了详细的对比分析,建立了桥梁技术改造的经济分析比选模型,提出了基于寿命周期成本的桥梁加固的经济评价方法。列举实例说明方案比选过程,由计算结果可知该方法能较准确地反映桥梁加固工程的经济效果,能够为既有桥梁改造方案的合理选择提供参考。     

区域技术创新能力影响因素的实证分析——基于全国30个省市区的面板数据

区域技术创新能力的影响因素是理论界尚未系统深入探讨的问题。本文在阐明技术创新机理的基础上,运用经过改进的格瑞里茨和杰菲的知识生产函数模型,对2005—2007年我国30个省市区三大技术创新主体投入产出面板数据进行技术创新能力影响因素的实证分析,并把市场化因素首次设为虚拟变量引入模型考察其作用。分析结果表明,中国区域技术创新二次产出存在多样化差异,R&D在技术创新主体之间和内部的配置,以及创新主体内外制度性因素对技术创新的绩效有重要影响。因此,提高区域技术创新能力需要优化R&D配置和进行技术创新主体的体制机制创新。     

Twists and turns of triadic business relationship recovery

This study focuses on triadic business relationship recovery processes through a single case study. We address the question of what kind of process takes place when a business relationship on the verge of ending is recovered and what roles a third actor can play in the process. As a result, we model a process through which a triadic business relationship is recovered and attraction, trust, and commitment are restored.     

关于油田企业导入卓越绩效模式的探讨

在辽河油田多年推进实施卓越绩效模式的基础上,结合油田企业的特点,对导入卓越绩效模式工作进行了探讨,从导入卓越绩效模式的思路、步骤、组织领导及启动实施等6个方面,阐述了相应的观点和方法。     

长三角区域商务成本比较研究——以沪、苏、杭三城市为例

随着长江三角洲地区经济的高速发展和长三角各城市招商引资的竞争,如何科学地降低商务成本已经成为政府与学界越来越关心的问题。本文在查阅数据和实地考察的基础上,解释了什么是商务成本、商务成本的内涵与意义,并根据商务成本的不同科目对位于长三角地区的上海、苏州、杭州进行了商务成本分析和比较研究,并提出了对降低长三角区域商务成本的若干建议。     

用数学模型求解票据转贴现中的盈亏平衡点

近几年,票据转贴现业务在银行间市场兴起,并迅速壮大,但关于该业务的报价分析和深入研究几乎是空白。作者结合对银行资金交易的全面了解,以及工作中对票据转贴现业务的深入分析,找出对票据转贴现盈亏起决定作用的因素,进而,依据＂盈亏平衡＂理论,建立数学模型,精确推导出合理的贴现率报价,使得报价行在保证持有票据期间的期望收益率后,最大化持有期收益或最小化持有期的亏损。     

风险导向与成本预期:基层央行风险审计模式实践案例

当前,基层人民银行在履行货币调拨、支付清算和经理国库等职能过程中,面临着较多的业务潜在风险,传统的制度基础审计难以满足基层央行履行新职责对内审工作的新需求,亟需引入风险导向审计新模式。人行威海市中支探索实践的"点对点"风险导向审计模式,通过对固有风险和控制风险的有效评估、以及对确定的风险点的实质性测试,实现了审计关口前移,在防范业务风险和规范业务发展方面富有效率。     

Persistence and the four‐factor model in the Australian funds market: a note

We investigate whether Australian fund managers are able to deliver persistent performance using Carhart’s (1997) four‐factor model. Short‐ and long‐term persistence is examined and the sample is also divided into unit trusts and superannuation funds. We do not find evidence of persistence in any sample of funds. We find that winner (loser) funds tend to hold past winner (loser) stocks. Winner and loser unit trusts both appear to have positive exposure to small stocks.     

Interaction of size,book‐to‐market and momentum effects in Australia

This study seeks to disentangle the effects of size, book‐to‐market and momentum on returns. Initial results show that each characteristic has a role in explaining returns, but that there is interaction between size and momentum, as well as between size and book‐to‐market. Three key findings emerge. First, the size premium is the strongest, particularly in the loser portfolios. Second, the value premium is generally limited to the smallest portfolios. Third, the momentum premium is evident for the large‐ and middle‐sized portfolios, but loser stocks significantly outperform winner stocks in the smallest size portfolio. When these interactions are controlled with multivariate regression, we find a significant negative average relation between size and returns, a significant positive average relation between book‐to‐market and returns, and a significant positive average relation between momentum and returns.     

Reconsidering the Relationship between Inflation and Relative Price Variability

It has long been popularly believed that the relationship between inflation and relative price variability (RPV) is positive and stable. Using disaggregated CPI data for the United States and Japan, however, this study finds that the relationship is neither linear nor stable over time. The overall relationship is approximately U‐shaped around a nonzero threshold inflation rate. RPV therefore changes not with the inflation rate per se, but with the deviation of inflation from the threshold inflation rate. More importantly, the relationship is by no means stable over time but instead varies significantly in a way that coincides with regime changes of inflation or monetary policy. The relationship was positive during the period of high inflation of the 1970s and the early 1980s, as has been documented by a number of previous studies, whereas it takes a U‐shape profile during the Great Moderation. The results are robust to the use of core inflation, which excludes the traditionally volatile prices of food and energy. This paper then presents a modified version of the Calvo‐type sticky price model to describe the observed empirical regularities. Simulation experiments show that the modified Calvo model fits the data well, and that the underlying relationship hinges upon the degree of price rigidity, which is systematically related to inflation regime. For countries and periods with low inflation rates, the relationship takes a U‐shape as price adjustment is more sticky. In a high‐inflation environment, when price setting becomes more flexible, the U‐shaped profile vanishes.