新时代大学生知行合一问题研究

我国已从高速增长阶段进入高质量发展阶段,新通信技术、新媒体、互联网的迅速发展,不同价值理念传播速度前所未有,对大学生的冲击力度巨大,一定程度上造成大学生认知上的模糊和混乱。大学生知行不一的问题应当引起高等院校管理部门及师生的高度重视。大学生知行不一主要表现在两个方面:一是思想认识上的模糊和错误;二是行为表现距离社会规范的要求差距比较大。造成大学生知行不一的原因有三:一是道德认知本身存在众多分歧和争议;二是道德选择与现实利益之间的冲突和矛盾;三是情感在道德选择中的作用。要不断完善促进大学生知行合一的基本路径:一是落实思想政治理论课“立德树人”的目标;二是创新教学方式方法;三是改革和完善教学科研管理制度;四是加强校园文化能力建设。     

Exploring the knowledge spillovers of a technology in an entrepreneurial ecosystem—The case of artificial intelligence in Sydney

New knowledge presents opportunities for commercial value and can hence be a critical asset for entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs). In particular, general purpose technologies are major drivers of entrepreneurship. Thus, a nuanced understanding on technological knowledge and its spillovers among actors within an EE is warranted. Using knowledge‐spillover‐based strategic entrepreneurship theory, we propose to observe knowledge spillovers through the assessment of the knowledge bases of a technology in an EE. To do so, this article proposes to use three key sources of knowledge: publications reflecting the emerging knowledge base, patents representing the realized knowledge base, and startups showing the experimental knowledge base. This article uses secondary data sources such as Web of Science and applies the method of bibliometrics to illustrate how an assessment is carried out in practice by evaluating the artificial intelligence (AI) knowledge bases in Sydney from 2000 to 2018. The findings are summarized with an illustration of the evolution of the key actors and their activities over time in order to indicate the key strengths and weaknesses in Sydney's AI knowledge among the different bases. Contrary to expectations from the high potential of knowledge spillovers from a general purpose digital technology such as AI, the article shows that apparent knowledge spillovers are yet highly limited in Sydney. Even though Sydney has a strong emerging knowledge base, the realized knowledge base seems weak and the experimental knowledge base is slowly improving. That observation itself verifies the need to take strategic actions to facilitate knowledge spillovers within EEs. After the implications for theory and policy makers are discussed, suggestions for further studies are proposed.     

Agriculture–nutrition linkages with heterogeneous,unobserved returns and costs: Insights from Tajikistan

Agriculture–nutrition linkages (ANLs) have been increasingly investigated in the literature. However, nutritional returns and costs of household agricultural production practices (APPs) in semisubsistence settings are poorly understood. We fill these knowledge gaps using pooled cross-section data sets in Tajikistan, where semisubsistence farming and undernutrition coexist despite relatively good agricultural infrastructure and education systems. Agricultural diversification, yield enhancement, production expansion are positively associated with various nutritional outcomes, particularly in areas with poor food market access. Decomposition exercises suggest that nutritional returns and costs of these APPs vary across households, and the adoption of APPs is driven by the expected nutritional returns. In Tajikistan, improving nutrition through household ANLs requires growing the smallholder agricultural sector in multiple dimensions, including diversification, intensification, and expansion, while also understanding better the pathways of ANLs and addressing bottlenecks at appropriate stages of such pathways.     

基于专家系统的农用地分等研究

针对传统农用地分等方法的不足,利用专家系统的理论和方法,提出一种基于专家系统的农用地分等方法.通过该方法建立的农用地分等专家系统在实际应用中取得了良好的效果.     

农用地分等汇总制图综合知识规则的建立

目前基于知识的地图综合已有一定程度的研究,但大都集中在地形数据或地形图综合知识的研究上,针对某一专题的制图综合知识规则更不多见,主要原因在于专题地图类型的多样性以及对专业知识的特殊要求限制了这方面的研究.因此有必要针对某一领域的专题地图分别建立制图综合知识规则,促进专题地图综合知识的系统化、规范化及专题地图自动综合的发展.因此在现有的各种技术规范和综合规则的基础上,结合农用地分等汇总制图综合的实际工作,较全面的总结农用地分等汇总制图综合过程中需要遵循和运用的知识,包括基于应用的知识、专家知识、图形和拓扑关系知识、语义知识、过程性知识,并用人工智能中的产生式规则进行知识表达.     

我国绿色创新研究的知识图谱可视化分析

低碳经济背景下,绿色创新作为缓解经济增长过程中资源环境约束问题的重要举措,受到学术界广泛关注.以中国知网收录的绿色创新核心文献为样本,综合运用CiteSpace、SATI、Excel等计量可视化工具绘制知识图谱,对国内绿色创新研究领域的文献年代分布、发文作者、科研机构、关键词以及突现词等进行分析.分析结果表明:我国绿色...     

福建省居民潜在国内出游力的地区差异综合评判

用可拓工程方法和主成份分析方法建立了福建省居民潜在国内出游力的综合评判物元模型,结果表明福建省居民国内出游力的地区差异大。综合评判得出福建省国内居民潜在出游力强弱可划分为4个不同级别;单指标测定出了各地区影响出游力的优劣势,为旅游供给者有针对地市场推广和发挥有限资金效用提供科学证据。     

知识经济下财务会计体系面临的挑战及发展趋势

知识经济对现行财务会计理论、准则和方法提出新的挑战,同时激化了财务会计的固有矛盾。因此,未来财务会计体系有着这样的发展趋势：未来财务会计模式仍将继承传统模式中经实践检验而沉淀下来的方法与程序;未来会计收益观将有向经济学收益概念靠拢的趋势;未来会计确认的基础将是应计制与现金流动制的融合;未来会计计量模式将是多种计量属性和计量尺度结合方式并存;未来财务呈报将呈现多种计量报告形式的趋势。     

商业银行主动负债发展的经济效应

主动负债发展会带来商业银行间融资增加,通过分别设立模型研究商业银行间净融资规模增加和不同期限互相融资规模增加两种情况后,可以得出主动负债发展的微观经济效应:(1)净融资规模增加后银行流动性改善,资金投放规模增加;融资环境改善后商业银行备付金率可降低,流动性进一步提高.(2)商业银行彼此融资后,在不同期限资金投放业务上成本不同的银行会发挥各自相对优势,实现差异化经营,促使银行总收益增加.在上述微观分析基础上,通过对我国金融环境的具体分析,可以得出主动负债发展能推动我国利率市场化、发展金融市场、促进货币创造等宏观经济效应.     

知识管理的体系结构研究

文章提出了一种知识管理的体系结构,该体系结构包括核心层、使能层和支撑体系层,进而分析了体系结构中的各组成部分及其主要内容.该体系结构将为企业如何实现知识管理提供理论依据.