企业内部和谐度评估指标体系研究

通过文献研究和定性研究,遴选了发展规范化、竞争公平化、社会责任承担状况、文化理念深入化、沟通顺畅化、团队凝聚力、工作人性化和权益落实情况等9个一级指标及相应的72个二级指标,运用德尔菲法确定各指标权重,从而设计了一套完整的企业内部和谐度评估指标体系。     

再谈农业人口与非农业人口的统计问题

“也谈农业人口与非农业人口的统计问题”发表后。农业人口统计资料失真后该怎么办。我国目前到底是农业人口多还是非农业人口多？这成为笔者需向同行和读者认真回答的两个问题。对前者其办法不外乎以下五种：一是取消农业人口与非农业人口的划分，而代之以乡村人口与城镇人口：二是继续让原有的农业人口与非农业人口资料滥竽充数；三是借用联合国粮农组织数据库中有关中国农业人口的资料；四是公开宣布公安系统统计的人口数据是农业户口的人口与非农业户口的人口；五是千方百计搞一套接近实际的中国农业人口与非农业人口资料。前三种办法均不可取。第四种办法从公安系统来说。也许有一定的保留价值，但它无助于农业人口与非农业人口统计问题的解决。所以。只有第五种办法才是科学合理的；对后者，如截至目前，肯定是非农业人口比农业人口多。     

INTRODUCTION / THE STATUS OF WOMEN ECONOMISTS IN US UNIVERSITIES AND THE WORLD / THE STATUS OF WOMEN ECONOMISTS IN UK UNIVERSITIES / THE STATUS OF WOMEN ECONOMISTS IN CANADIAN UNIVERSITIES / THE STATUS OF WOMEN ECONOMISTS IN CHINA'S UNIVERSITIES

Abstract

These Explorations, by eight authors from Canada, China, the US, and the UK, examine the current status of women in economics (with an eye mainly toward their status in the academic branch of the profession). The four sections of the work analyze results of surveys that show the distribution of academic positions among women economists in universities in Canada, the UK, the US, and China. The work also provides a short history of the development of committees and groups interested in furthering the status of women in the economics profession and suggests ways to improve the efforts of such groups and the status of women economists.     

Social Capital and Women’s Labor Force Participation in Chile

ABSTRACT

Using data from Chile, this study analyzes the relationship between different forms of social capital and women’s labor force participation, accounting for both endogeneity problems and differences among women of different economic strata. First, the results suggest that only some types of social capital are relevant for labor force participation: namely, networks with weaker yet far-reaching connections, including higher-status individuals. There are neither empirical nor theoretical reasons to believe that women have better access to such networks than men. Second, this type of social capital is only relevant for the economic integration of the richest women, failing to increase labor force participation among women of the other 80 percent of households. Thus, this study concludes that policies targeted at women’s economic integration based on the presumption that women have more social capital than men are deeply flawed.     

Women's employment patterns during the U.S. inter-war period: A comparison of two states

Establishment data from New York and Ohio, two U.S. states representing mature versus dynamic industrial sectors, are used to decompose changes in women's employment during economic fluctuations in the 1920s and 1930s. By decomposing changes in women's employment, one can distinguish between changes which reflect the gender distribution of employment between various industry categories and changes which reflect employer decisions to mobilize specific groups of workers. The empirical findings suggest that during the inter-war period, economic restructuring in Ohio's mass-production industries resulted in substitution toward women workers. Nevertheless, in both states, working women's segmentation into industries which were less hard hit by the Great Depression confined their employment losses. The results suggest that patterns of gender segmentation which are ordinarily quite rigid may be redefined during the political, social and cultural upheaval that accompanies economic restructuring.     

我国农村流动劳动力的非正规就业分析

随着城乡收入差距不断扩大和农业收入的持续下降，农民迫切希望转向城镇和农村非农产业寻求增加收入的机会。近年来，我国农村劳动力转移人数持续增加，而农村流动劳动力大多是在非正规就业部门就业，所以从非正规就业角度研究农村劳动力转移问题是十分必要的。本文主要分析了我国农村劳动力转移过程中非正规就业的现状以及非正规就业存在的问题，并据此提出相关的政策建议以促进农村转移劳动力的非正规就业。     

台湾海峡两岸经贸新发展及其贸易机制问题

两岸贸易机制的创新有利于各种类贸易数量与规模的扩大，多出多进，扩大数量，提高贸易层次，而且改变目前低层次、低技术的贸易结构，改变两岸贸易单向、片面、间接、不平衡的不正常状态。2005年是两岸贸易的转折点，两岸贸易关系已经达到了实现突破与质变的临界关口上。两岸农产品贸易有了更进一步的突破与发展，但是，“三通”未通，两岸贸易无法实现双向、全面、直接的正常贸易，贸易内容还是以商品贸易为主。劳务贸易和技术贸易仍然处于起步阶段。虽然“两岸共同市场”无法成型，两岸贸易合作机制问题已经箭在弦上了。     

农村剩余劳动力转移的障碍和对策分析

我国农村剩余劳动力数量十分庞大,与现代化建设极不适应。在推进社会主义新农村建设进程中,实现农村剩余劳动力的有效转移,成为当务之急。但是,由于长期形成的城乡分割的二元体制、国家对城镇居民在就业政策上的过度偏护以及农村劳动力素质水平较低等方面的原因,我国农村剩余劳动力的转移存在许多障碍。增加就业机会、统筹城乡发展、提高农民工的素质水平是实现农村剩余劳动力有效转移的根本途径。     

我国城镇化的特征、动力与规划调控

文章总结了我国现阶段城市化的若干特征 ;分析了城镇化的基本动力。作者认为 ,要加快我国大部分地区的城镇化进程 ,关键是要培育一种合适的产业组织。文章最后对高速城镇化时期的规划调控的功能、管制重点、调控目标、调控手段等进行了分析。