湘江流域枯水期饮用水水质状况分析与对策

文章分析了湖南省湘江流域枯水期饮用水水质状况以及存在的问题,从保护生态环境、控制水资源污染、节约用水、调整水价4个方面对保护饮用水进行了对策探讨。     

Aspects of statistical consulting not taught by academia

Education in statistics is preparing for statistical analysis but not necessarily for statistical consulting. The objective of this paper is to explore the phases that precede and follow statistical analysis. Specifically these include: problem elicitation, data collection and, following statistical data analysis, formulation of findings, and presentation of findings, and recommendations. Some insights derived from a literature review and real-life case studies are provided. Areas for joint research by statisticians and cognitive scientists are outlined.     

PORTFOLIO INSURANCE AND VOLATILITY REGIME SWITCHING

A new equilibrium model of portfolio insurance is presented in order to study the volatility effects of dynamic insurance strategies. While prior research has focused on the relationship between portfolio insurance and the overall level of market volatility, this article shows that the salient feature of portfolio insurance is volatility regime switching. Regime switching is shown to be a necessary condition for portfolio insurance, which provides a new explanation for the pervasive volatility clustering effect that is found in most equity markets. The equilibrium involves a free boundary and the local time of the equilibrium price process at the free boundary plays an important role in solving the model.     

ASSET ALLOCATION AND ANNUITY-PURCHASE STRATEGIES TO MINIMIZE THE PROBABILITY OF FINANCIAL RUIN

In this paper, we derive the optimal investment and annuitization strategies for a retiree whose objective is to minimize the probability of lifetime ruin, namely the probability that a fixed consumption strategy will lead to zero wealth while the individual is still alive. Recent papers in the insurance economics literature have examined utility-maximizing annuitization strategies. Others in the probability, finance, and risk management literature have derived shortfall-minimizing investment and hedging strategies given a limited amount of initial capital. This paper brings the two strands of research together. Our model pre-supposes a retiree who does not currently have sufficient wealth to purchase a life annuity that will yield her exogenously desired fixed consumption level. She seeks the asset allocation and annuitization strategy that will minimize the probability of lifetime ruin. We demonstrate that because of the binary nature of the investor's goal, she will not annuitize any of her wealth until she can fully cover her desired consumption with a life annuity. We derive a variational inequality that governs the ruin probability and the optimal strategies, and we demonstrate that the problem can be recast as a related optimal stopping problem which yields a free-boundary problem that is more tractable. We numerically calculate the ruin probability and optimal strategies and examine how they change as we vary the mortality assumption and parameters of the financial model. Moreover, for the special case of exponential future lifetime, we solve the (dual) problem explicitly. As a byproduct of our calculations, we are able to quantify the reduction in lifetime ruin probability that comes from being able to manage the investment portfolio dynamically and purchase annuities.     

关于浙江企业跨国经营的对策思考

文章分析了浙江企业跨国经营存在着规模较小、融资困难、创新不强、人才缺乏、体制滞后等问题,基于此,笔者提出了相应的对策。     

经济高位运行 深层次矛盾突出——对当前宏观经济的分析与思考

2006年，中国经济增长速度再次加速，经济是否过热成为大家议论的热点。我们分析认为，虽然目前的经济高增长有一定合理的成分，但也使经济发展过程中固有的矛盾更加突出。事实上，经济发展中出现的问题（过热倾向）一方面需要短期政策的应对，更重要的是深层次矛盾的凸显意味着中国经济转型已到了不得不为的时候了。面对目前的经济发展态势，政策措施应兼顾短期与长期两方面，而且更多地需要从理顺利益关系、转变政府职能等制度性方面着手。     

国有企业财务总监委派制的成因、问题及对策

财务总监委派制是我国经济监督制度的创新。推行财务总监委派制，对于提高会计信息质量，解决经营者和所有者之间的信息不对称和风险不对等等问题有着积极作用。本文通过分析财务总监委派制的成因，针对实施以来存在的问题，提出解决办法，使财务总监委派制更加规范有序发展。     

Routing and refueling plans to minimize travel time in alternative-fuel vehicles

A driver who drives an alternative-fuel vehicle (AFV) from an origin point to a destination point needs to consider how to get there (i.e., the routing problem), when to stop, and how and when to refuel (i.e., the refueling plan). In this study, models and algorithms are proposed that optimize a one-way-trip path such that the total travel time from the origin to the destination is minimized. The travel time consists of the setup time, the refueling time and the driving time. The setup time includes waiting for the AFV to be served at a refueling station and the preparation time of charging the machine. We categorized the problems into two types: (1) the refueling plan problem when the routing decision is given and (2) an integrated problem of routing and refueling. Another axis of categorization is when (1) setup time and refueling times are site-independent and (2) parameters are site-dependent. We propose optimal algorithms for site-independent problems and the integrated problem of routing and refueling planning with site-independent parameters. We also conduct experiments and sensitivity analyses for the site-dependent integrated problems of routing and refueling.     

对我国会计界与国际会计接轨的若干思考

我国会计准则国际趋同,已是大势所趋.但趋同并不是无原则地接受欧美国家和国际会计准则理事会(tAB)的会计原则和条款,必须考虑我国社会经济发展的实际情况.     

浅析我国典当业发展的对策——基于山西典商经验的思考

当前,中小企业融资和农村金融已经成为社会经济领域的重要问题,成为推进我国社会主义市场经济发展与改革的"瓶颈",引起了学术界和社会各界的广泛关注.深化典当业的发展是解决这一金融难题的有效途径之一.借鉴历史时期山西典商的成功经验,提出我国当前典当业的深入发展急需须解决的五个方面的问题.