Instant‐count sampling: A technique for estimating recreation use in municipal settings

Instant‐count sampling was tested on four municipal recreation areas in Athens, Georgia. Users were counted instantaneously on the areas at randomly selected times. From these counts, estimates of use and standard errors were achieved with a minimum of sampling time required. Errors ranged from 10.2 to 37.8 percent of estimated use and did not exceed 23.6 percent for total use.     

Retail ‘Quality Assurance’ Labels as a Strategic Marketing Communication Mechanism for Fresh Meat

Approximately 40 quality assurance labels are in operation throughout the UK, namely for meat, salmon, milk, cereals, eggs, fruit and vegetables. Fresh meat quality labels are the most prevalent, thus requiring consumers to recognize and learn not only about the many nationally organized quality labels, but also the in-house retail labels. This paper identifies the meat purchasing behaviour of consumers and their perceptions, attitudes and knowledge towards the main quality assurance labels. Results indicate consumers' purchase preferences to be more influenced by quality labels co-ordinated by producer-led organizations, and that recognition and knowledge of retail labels are low in comparison. This raises questions regarding the relevance and communication strategies of in-house retail ‘quality assurances’ to consumers.     

Meanings of leisure among young consumers of a Rio de Janeiro low-income community

This study investigated the meanings attached to leisure by low-income young consumers. In order to achieve this research objective, the study was conducted in a low-income community in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We used semi-structured interviews with community leaders and observation to acquire a preliminary knowledge of the field. We then interviewed 80 young people with ages varying from 15 to 25?years old. The data were treated qualitatively and quantitatively, using cluster analysis. The results showed, as expected, that these consumers have limited resources for leisure activities, due to lack of money, time or both. However, although the subjects recognise leisure as an important part of their lives, they attribute different meanings to it. Also, their understanding of free time and leisure varies somewhat. The findings provide evidence that these consumers' view of leisure, to some extent, resembles a pre-industrial understanding of leisure, associated with time for rest and time with family and friends. The results also permitted the identification of four different clusters, based on the meanings attributed to leisure and free time, individual aspirations and demographic characteristics.     

艺术传播与流行音乐--以周杰伦歌曲创作为例

流行音乐作为当代艺术的一个重要门类，其传播方式和手段与传统社会大相径庭。现代商业社会的艺术传播，其效果不只是单纯由艺术水平来决定，而是由传播手段、传播方式与传播技巧等各种因素共同作用的结果。周杰伦歌曲创作的流行不失为现代艺术传播的经典案例。他的成功，除了他的音乐天赋之外，还在于他的创新意识，并善于体味和捕捉同时代年轻人的情感特点和欣赏习惯，将其融入自己的创作之中。同时其经纪人杨峻荣出色的商业运作，也是他获得巨大成功不可或缺的因素。     

Communicating culture change

Using a case study of a large public sector department the relationship between communication and change in a public sector department and the human resource implications of that relationship are considered. Senior administrators of the department signified their intention to change the culture from one that was considered to be bureaucratic, technically oriented and inward-looking to one more outward-looking, continually learning, more relationship-oriented internally and inclusive of broader ‘whole of government’ objectives such as commercialization, the environment, social justice and community relations. Findings from the research indicate that, despite an objective of shifting to a state of continual change with the mode of communication becoming two-way and dialogic, the communication mechanism has faltered due to a failure to address the need of lower-level staff for a set vision and stated future direction. Implications of these findings are drawn for public sector organizations in general.     

用螺纹量规检测产品产生争议时的解决方法

本文分析了检测结果合格的螺纹量规检测螺纹产品时出现的疑问,并解答这些疑问。     

现代交换技术课程平台化互动型教学改革与实践

交换是通信技术的重要组成部分,交换技术是高等学校通信工程专业课中的主干课程。本文结合华北电力大学对毕业生的专业课教学调查,分析了教和学过程中的主要问题,提出了相应的解决途径,说明了现代交换新技术专业课程的教学组织方法。     

通信工程的成本控制研究

通信工程在整个电信工作中有着十分重要的作用,近些年通信工程的发展也尤为迅速,通信工程的成本控制问题也更加引人关注,本文就会对成本的类型进行分析,对于成本控制提出合理的建议,来促进通信工程更好的发展。     

电子邮件在普通高校大学英语教学中的运用——基于徐州工程学院的实证研究

利用电子邮件辅助英语教学不仅有利于提高学生英语口语表达能力和写作能力,还有助于增强学生跨文化交际能力。通过教学实验,发现电子邮件对普通院校大学英语教学很有意义。