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51.
Flaxseed has been identified as a potential functional food because of its high content of phytochemicals, alpha‐linolenic (α‐linolenic) acid and lignans. Flaxseed can be used in baked goods because of its minimal loss of α‐linolenic acid. Alpha‐linolenic acid is susceptible to oxidation and the development of off‐aromas and flavours in the food. The focus of this study was to determine the effectiveness of both synthetic and natural antioxidants that were incorporated into a yeast bread that contained 15% flaxseed as a partial replacement for bread flour. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the antioxidants on the physical and sensory characteristics of the bread. Physical properties, such as per cent moisture and loaf volume, were not affected (P > 0.05) by the antioxidants, but ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole, independently, had a softening affect (P < 0.05) on crumb firmness. Sensory analysis indicated significant (P < 0.05) changes in aroma, grainy taste, aftertaste and moistness in all bread samples regardless of antioxidant, however, only ascorbic acid was rated as effective in maintaining a softer (P < 0.05) crumb. 相似文献
52.
Recognized as one of the most unique archaeological sites in the world, the Giza pyramids plateau is the location of the three great pyramids and the Sphinx, tombs, seven smaller pyramids, and other monuments. Over the centuries the plateau has been instrumental in introducing Egyptian civilization to the world, and was recently declared as one of the most iconic travel spots on the planet.In recent years, the location of the new Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) within the site of the plateau re-ignited the debate between scholars, practitioners and activists over development activities within and around this unique site. Consequently, a growing conflict re-emerged between conserving the plateau and developing the surrounding areas. Additionally, this invaluable site is threatened by urban expansion and development, pollution, rising groundwater and extensive tourism. Yet, currently there are neither tourism management nor development plans for the site.Building on national and international conservation conventions and charters, this paper explores analyses and documents the current gap between ideal conservation management sittings within and around the pyramids plateau and the reality of urban development trends and tourism activities. 相似文献
53.
《Journal of Teaching in International Business》2013,24(1):83-100
Abstract Academics and practitioners alike have voiced their concerns about how to continuously improve the quality of education in the business school. Two central issues that have received recent attention are (1) how to address a rapidly changing and increasingly global economy, and (2) how to infuse technology into the business school curriculum. Both of these issues are changing at break-neck speed, whereas the academic environment, by its very nature and structure, is struggling to meet these demands ata much slower pace. We attempt to offer solutions to these major issues by developing an action plan for international business and technology. One key factor in developing global and technological programs in business schools is the input of its stakeholders-the international and technological business community. In this study, we report the results of an investigation of the international business and technological community's perceptions of the skills they require of recent business school graduates. A total of 126 business organizations provide insights for business schools to develop action plans to address international and technological needs. A discussion and implications of our findings provides an initial avenue for schools to follow in their strategic planning for the future. 相似文献
54.
We introduce a new class of finite horizon stochastic decision problems in which preferences change over time, and provide a proof of the existence of a recursively optimal strategy. Recursive optimization techniques dominate many areas of economic dynamics. However, in decision problems in which tastes change over time, the solution technique most commonly applied is not recursive, but rather strategic (subgame perfection). In this paper we argue in favor of the recursive approach, and we take the necessary theoretical steps to make the recursive methodology applicable. 相似文献
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56.
The Defined Benefit Pension Plan (DBPP), once regarded as the gold standard of traditional corporate pension plans, has fallen
upon hard times. Corporate sponsors regard the plans as financial drains, fountains of bad publicity, and targets for heavy-handed
government regulation. Employees covered by the plans fear they will not deliver on the promises employers made to provide
financial security after retirement. Legislative fixes for the system have hastened, not slowed down, the exodus of employers
from DBPP. The authors of this paper agree that DBPP is, indeed, an endangered species in the private sector, but concur with
the criticism that the conventional explanations for it – particularly in the trade literature – tend be self-serving, superficial
and not convincing and often incomplete in their analysis. Using Porter’s model of competition to identify the relative strengths
and weaknesses of competing influences we endorse the conclusion that the failure of DBPP is one of strategic choice by employers
whose power and influence in the global economy is not effectively counter-balanced by labor, or by forces sympathetic to
labor. The growing trend towards the Defined Contribution Pension Plan (DCPP) is consonant with employers’ interests but a
setback for employees who had to give up the “gold standard” (DBPP). Even the paradoxical effect of ERISA hastening the demise
of the pension system it was created to reform is less puzzling when examined in the context of who had influence in drafting
the legislation, writing regulations and enforcing the law. 相似文献
57.
多指标施工方案优选的新方法 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
用集对分析的联系数客观地描述工程施工方案中质量、费用、工期和资源不均衡系数4项指标,既相互联系,又相互影响的状况。在4项指标权重不同的情况下,通过计算联系数的数值,取联系数的数值大的方案为优,解决了多方案多指标线性加权选优过程中综合选优结果不可分辨的问题。 相似文献
58.
Jesper Banghøj Gorm Gabrielsen Christian Petersen Thomas Plenborg 《Accounting & Finance》2010,50(3):481-510
We examine what determines executive compensation in privately held firms. Our study is motivated by the fact that most studies in this area rely on data from publicly traded firms. Further, the few studies that are based on data from privately held firms only examine a limited number of determinants of executive compensation. Our findings indicate that the pay‐to‐performance relation is weak. Board size and ownership concentration are the only corporate governance characteristics that explain variations in executive compensation. Executive characteristics like skills, title and educational attainment all explain variations in executive compensation. Contrary to our expectations, we do not find a stronger pay‐to‐performance relation in firms with better designed bonus plans. 相似文献
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