现阶段我国城乡居民收入差距的实证分析

1985-2010年,我国城乡居民在收入增长的同时,也出现了收入差距问题。从收入差额看,城镇居民人均可支配收入的增长幅度远远大于农村居民人均纯收入的增长幅度,城乡居民收入差距的绝对数一直在扩大。从收入比看,我国城乡居民收入差距的相对数具有＂扩大→缩小→扩大＂的变动特征,总体上呈现出波动中不断扩大的趋势。     

基于因子分析法的安徽物流能力的研究分析

利用因子分析对安徽各市进行数据整体分析,并建立指标体系得出：安徽区域物流能力综合排名靠前的五个市分别是合肥、芜湖、铜陵、马鞍山、蚌埠,他们都是安徽经济发达的区域,这也证明了区域物流能力的强弱与经济发展有着很大的正相关关系,起着相互促进的作用。安徽省获批唯一以产业转移为主题的区域发展规划,应以此为契机,提高安徽各市的区域物流能力。     

陕西省能源消费碳排放分析

通过分析1995—2009年陕西省三大产业能源碳排放总量及六大部门碳排放变化情况,以及该段期间内产业结构、经济规模与能源结构三大因素对能源消费碳排放的影响,从中发现,经济规模效应、产业结构效应是正向决定性因素,能源结构效应是负向决定性因素。陕西省应调整能源结构,在进一步提高天然气和电力等低碳能源在能源结构中的使用比例的同时,必须发展其他形式的能源;调整产业结构,促进低碳绿色产业发展,一方面,政府应当利用经济手段和行政手段,限制高碳产业的发展,另一方面,运用适当的财政政策引导、鼓励和扶持低碳产业的发展和绿色产品的开发,从而促进产业竞争力的提高,减轻传统产业的锁定效应。     

Chinese dietary culture influences consumers' intention to use imported soy‐based dietary supplements: an application of the theory of planned behaviour

The over‐saturated dietary supplement (DS) market in developed countries such as the US spurs the need for foreign market expansion, and the Chinese market provides a great potential for the foreign soy‐based DS industry. This study examined Chinese consumers' intention to use imported (US‐made US‐brand) soy‐based DS based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Two alternative models were also examined in which Chinese dietary culture variables, including soyfoods favourability and dining‐out sociability, as well as their interactions with attitudes, were integrated into the TPB model. A cross‐sectional, self‐administered survey was conducted with a sample of 215 subjects (137 females; 78 males) in Shanghai, China. The TPB variables attitude, subjective norm, perceived behaviour control and behavioural intention, as well as the Chinese dietary culture variables: soyfoods favourability and dine‐out sociability were measured. Multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the three models. The statistical results indicated that all three models were statistically significant to predict intention (Model 1: R² = 0.473, P < 0.001; Model 2: R² = 0.505, P < 0.001; Model 3: R² = 0.525, P < 0.001). The results also showed that attitude, perceived behavioural control, and dine‐out sociability were significant (positive) determinants of intention. Soyfoods favourability acted a significant (negative) moderator of the relationship between attitude and intention. Subjective norm had no significant impact on intention. In conclusion, the TPB model was useful to predict Chinese consumers' intention to use imported soy‐based DS, but not all the TPB components weighed significantly in exploring DS consumption in China. The selected Chinese dietary culture variables were much more important predictors than subjective norm. This study makes a significant contribution in the application of the TPB model and in market strategy development for imported dietary supplements in China.     

Investigating the gap between citizens' sustainability attitudes and food purchasing behaviour: empirical evidence from Brazilian pork consumers

Consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with sustainable production and consumption. Recently, a comprehensive study ranked 17 countries in regard to their environmentally friendly behaviour among consumers. Brazil was one of the top countries in the list. Yet, several studies highlight significant differences between consumers' intentions to consume ethically, and their actual purchase behaviour: the so‐called ‘Attitude‐Behaviour Gap’. In developing countries, few studies have been conducted on this issue. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate the gap between citizens' sustainability‐related attitudes and food purchasing behaviour using empirical data from Brazil. To this end, Brazilian citizens' attitudes towards pig production systems were mapped through conjoint analysis and their coexistence with relevant pork product‐related purchasing behaviour of consumers was investigated through cluster analysis. The conjoint experiment was carried out with empirical data collected from 475 respondents surveyed in the South and Center‐West regions of Brazil. The results of the conjoint analysis were used for a subsequent cluster analysis in order to identify clusters of Brazilian citizens with diversified attitudes towards pig production systems, using socio‐demographics, attitudes towards sustainability‐related themes that are expected to influence the way they evaluate pig production systems, and consumption frequency of various pork products as clusters' background information. Three clusters were identified as ‘indifferent’, ‘environmental conscious’ and ‘sustainability‐oriented’ citizens. Although attitudes towards environment and nature had indeed an influence on citizens' specific attitudes towards pig farming at the cluster level, the relationship between ‘citizenship’ and consumption behaviour was found to be weak. This finding is similar to previous research conducted with European consumers: what people (in their role of citizens) think about pig production systems does not appear to significantly influence their pork consumption choices. Improvements in the integrated management of this chain would better meet consumers' sustainability‐related expectations towards pig production systems.     

Trying to complain: the impact of self‐referencing on complaining intentions

This paper introduces the Theory of Trying to complaining behaviour, and argues that complaining intentions can be explained by the model. Moreover, we model propensity to self‐reference (SR) as a moderating variable, and suggest that the effects of the causes to complaining intentions depend on the SR‐level held by consumers. A sample of undergraduate business students participated in the study, where the goal was to get a better understanding of complaining intentions. Our study provides new and additional insights in the drivers of complaining by also taking dispositional personality differences into consideration. The results demonstrate that boundary conditions for main‐effect models like the theory of trying can be fruitfully addressed through the notion of individual differences. The research documented that customers' propensity to complain systematically differed as a function of their level of self‐referencing. This is both good and bad news to managers. The good news is that a proportion of the customers rely less on their previous experiences in the complaining domain when they form intentions to complain. The bad news is that some others do. The obstacle is that managers cannot tell by the look if they are talking to an individual with high or low propensity to self‐reference. As the customer base contains both types case could be taken in designing marketing communication campaigns that target the groups differently.     

Clothing as an environment for older adults' successful ageing

This research tested a conceptual model for proximity of clothing to self (PCS) in relation to age identity, self‐actualization, psychological well‐being, self‐assessed health, sex and chronological age among older adults, aged 65 and over, within the human ecological perspective. A mail survey was sent to a national random sample of 1700 older adults in the US resulting in 195 usable respondents in the final sample. The respondents returned two completed questionnaires, which were (1) Clothing: A Resource for Successful Aging? (to measure PCS, age identity and demographic variables) and (2) Personal Orientation Inventory (to measure self‐actualization). The results indicated that older adults' psychological well‐being, one component of successful ageing, was directly affected by their self‐assessed health, age identity and self‐actualization. PCS indirectly influenced individuals' psychological well‐being in a slightly negative way in later life. In sum, clothing may be used as a needs satisfier for different levels of needs or related more closely with needs in addition to self‐actualization needs for older adults. Further research should be conducted to explore relationships among PCS, different levels of human needs, clothing‐related variables and psychological well‐being for this age group. In practice, the effort should be given to teach the use of clothing (or other human‐built objects) as a tool or need satisfier to contribute to success in a person's later life by offering some educational or training programmes through local senior community centres or universities.     

低碳经济约束下区域经济可持续发展研究——以安徽省为例

首先基于投入产出分析法,运用影响力系数和感应度系数,分析了安徽省各行业的产业关联效应及其时国民经济的促进作用;其次通过安徽省各行业能源利用强度的测算,结合投入产出分析法的结果,提出了节能降耗约束下实现安徽省经济可持续发展的产业层次可选择的思路。     

零件外观认可及整车外观一致性评审在汽车开发中的应用

文章阐述了汽车开发中零件的外观认可流程,主要包括皮纹前认可、皮纹后认可、外观质量评审及整车外观一致性评审在汽车行业中的应用,并介绍了各阶段外观认可的交样要求和评价方法。     

高压输电线路故障测距算法综述

高压输电线路故障定位的准确性对电网的稳定运行有着非常重要的意义。文章对高压输电线路现有的各种测距方法进行了归纳总结和研究分析,并评述了各自的优点和不足。