Investigation of the reasons for not using helmet among motorcyclists in Kerman,Iran

This study was carried out to investigate reasoning and interpretation of motorcyclists for not using helmet utilizing qualitative methodology of ‘grounded theory’. The field of the study was Kerman, a cultural-historical city at the south-east of Iran. Participants were 21 young male motorcyclists. Two sampling strategies were used: maximum variation and snowball sampling. To collect data, in-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted. Data analysis yielded seven categories: fatalism; a barrier to social relationships; peer group pressure and negative labelling; messing up the appearance; disturbance in hearing and vision; barrier to normal breathing; and heaviness and superfluity of helmet. Based on the findings of the current study, it could be concluded that socio-cultural contexts, motorcyclists’ worldview and partly helmet-related problems are of the main factors which affect motorcycling. Therefore, the studies, policy-makings, and intervening programmes to control injury and to promote safety among motorcyclists should be focused on socio-cultural barriers to helmet use in general and changing the motorcyclists’ standpoints toward fatalism in particular. Helmet-related problems should be considered, too.     

Factors associated with child passenger motorcycle helmet use in Cambodia

This study examines factors associated with child passenger helmet use in five Cambodian provinces. We performed an analysis of periodic roadside observations of helmet use over a four-year period. A total of 62,039 child passengers 12 years of age and younger met inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Overall, 1369 (2.1%) of child passengers were observed to be wearing a helmet. Most significantly, children were six times more likely to wear a helmet if the driver was wearing a helmet (OR 6.2; 95% CI 5.1–7.5). In addition, the odds of helmet use were noted to be significantly different depending on province, day of the week, time of day and number of passengers on the motorcycle. This study highlights the extremely low rate of child passenger helmet use in Cambodia, and provides priorities for interventions and enforcement to ensure all children are protected from head injury.     

Clothing-related motorcycle injuries in Pakistan: findings from a surveillance study

This study aims to assess the burden and patterns of clothing-related motorcycle injuries in Karachi, Pakistan. Data were extracted from an ongoing traffic injury surveillance system. In three years (2007–2009), out of 99155 road traffic injury cases there were 986 (0.9%) cases of clothing-related motorcycle injuries. Most cases were females (73.9%) and pillion riders (80.6%). The crashes involving clothing-related injuries were mostly single vehicle (98.5%), and largely resulted in injuries to the external body (60.3%), limbs (51.0%), head (41.5%) and face (35.9%). One-third of injuries were either moderate (26.7%) or severe (10.2%) while 10 (1.01%) deaths were reported. Female gender (11.4%), age ≥ 45 years (19.4%), pillion riding (11.3%) and crashes occurring at intersections (12.3%) were more likely to result in moderate or severe injury as compared to other users (P < 0.001). Injuries due to entanglement of loose fitting clothing in motorcycles are not uncommon in Karachi. Awareness campaigns for prevention of such injuries may involve promotion of appropriate dressing for motorcycle riding including close wrapping of clothes and encouraging installations of covers on the rear wheels and drive chains.     

电动摩托车和电动自行车争议辨析

本文针对目前社会上就国家标准化管理委员会发布的4项电摩标准所引起的有关电动摩托车和电动自行车标准的争议,分别从法律层面、标准层面逐一对其差异进行了清晰、明确的阐述,并观点鲜明地指出电动摩托车和电动自行车是两种完全不同类型的产品,国家发布的电摩标准同样也不适用于电动自行车：最后,文章还就本项争议的原因作了言简意赅的分析和评价。     

From core to periphery and back: A study on the deliberate shaping of knowledge flows in interfirm dyads and networks

We study 892 Italian motorcycle industry projects carried out via 184 different buyer–supplier and supplier‐supplier relationships to provide evidence on the knowledge dynamics occurring in dyads and networks and to understand the underexplored but important (perhaps even dominant) leading role that some firms play in the evolution of networks and interfirm learning processes. We develop a multiphase model which, from a multilevel perspective addressing different relational subsets, suggests how firms can best organize to generate and exchange knowledge efficiently. We argue that extant theoretical perspectives can profitably draw on our findings to strengthen their dynamic components and help them explain the widely diffused ‘exploring through partner’ strategies more effectively. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

定价、“下乡”与销售：来自摩托车行业的实证

2009年我国实施的“摩托车下乡”政策拉动了农村居民对摩托车的消费。鉴于农村地区居民收入较低,摩托车的不同定价会影响销售吗？基于2007-2012年71家摩托车企业的面板数据,使用倍差法来评估“摩托车下乡”政策对不同定价的摩托车企业销售的影响差异性。研究发现,定价较低的摩托车企业在政策实施后销售量的增加大于定价较高的企业。这说明农村居民较为偏好满足基本需求的低定价产品。     

浅议4P理论在摩托车行业的运用——以云南新大洲摩托为例

客户关系管理4P理论是企业的一项商业策略,它要求按照客户的具体情况有效地组织企业资源,培养以客户为中心的营销行为以及实施以客户为中心的业务流程。当前世界随着全球化的发展,客户管理的成功与否已经成为决定企业兴衰的关键因素,是企业间竞争的主战场。新大洲公司以4P理论为依据,在企业技术开发、质量控制、价格策略制定和市场消费细分等方面进行了全面的改进。通过出色的客户关系管理,公司产品获得了市场消费者的一致认可,公司也一跃成为省内摩托车销售和维修的领头羊。     

HXD1及HXD2型电力机车配件优化管理

文章结合和谐机车配件管理现状,从制度管理、流通结构及技术手段方面对配件管理系统进行优化分析,从而保障机车检修进度及质量。     

大排量摩托车冷却风扇噪声测试与选型分析

随着生活水平的提高,以休闲娱乐为主的大排量摩托车越来越受到大众的青睐。噪声水平直接影响摩托车的骑乘舒适性,冷却风扇噪声作为摩托车的主要噪声源之一需要重点关注。从摩托车骑乘工况和环境噪声污染的角度出发,提出一种合理的风扇噪声测试和评估方法。以某500 cc大排量摩托车风扇为测试对象,运用LMS Test.Lab测试系统进行噪声测试分析,明确冷却风扇噪声对驾驶员耳旁和四周环境噪声的贡献量,通过选型分析锁定整车噪声更低的风扇方案,提升了摩托车的骑乘舒适性,减少了环境噪声污染。风扇噪声测试和选型分析方法可为摩托车风扇匹配提供参考。