我国油气管道标准管理机制与北美的差异与思考

文章介绍了北美和我国油气管道标准管理机构及机制,分析了我国与北美标准水平的总体差距,在大量研究的基础上,认为我国的油气管道标准存在着设计施工标准不能较好地与运行管理标准协调承接、管理相对不规范、标准体系缺乏整体协调性等问题,同时针对现阶段我国油气管道标准存在的问题,为逐步改善标准管理方式,建议深入、持续开展标准研究,加快标准水平提升步伐。     

市政给排水管道施工技术初探

选取近年来发展较快的市政给排水管道:预应力钢筒砼管(PCCP)、球墨铸铁管(DIP)、硬聚氯乙烯(UPVC)双壁波纹管、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)中空壁缠绕管和玻璃钢夹砂管(RPMP)进行施工技术的研究。     

论如何降低管网漏失率提高供水效益

随着城市化建设的不断发展,供水管网漏失率成为直接反映和衡量供水企业管理水平和技术水平的重要因素之一,它同时也是评价城市供水行业节约用水工作的重要依据,是直接体现城市节水工作总体水平的重要指标。     

卓越绩效模式在管道施工管理中的应用

针对管道三公司在南昌-上海支干线4标段项目实施卓越绩效模式,介绍了管道施工项目管理的价值创造过程的识别、过程设计、实施与改进。通过实施卓越绩效模式,推进项目管理方式转变,扎扎实实提高项目管理科学化水平。     

关于城市地下管网的防护措施

对城市埋地管线的现状、区域管网腐蚀的特点作了概述,对行之有效的阴极保护的控制措施和方法进行了探讨,并提出了保护管网的几点设想。     

压力管道焊接接头硬度值超标归属问题的商榷

文章通过对《在用工业管道定期检验规程》的学习和实际应用,对规程中安全状况等级评定中的焊接接头硬度值超标归属问题进行探讨,期望在用工业管道检验能在保证管道安全性能和使用性能的前提下,在检验内容、项目及方法等诸方面具有科学性、严谨性和可操作性。     

Risk assessment along the gas pipelines and its application in urban planning

With the rapid development of industry in China, the number of gas pipelines that are proposed or under construction is increasing year by year. Accidents such as fire, explosion, and toxic diffusion inevitably happen, which often cause a large number of casualties and property losses. It is increasingly important to analyze the risk along the gas pipelines realistically and to suitably plan, and utilize the surrounding land based on the risk analysis results, thereby reducing the hazards. A theoretical system for risk assessment along the gas pipelines is proposed in this paper. Risks of various major accidents are considered together, superposition effect is analyzed. After the individual risk distribution is obtained, risk zones are divided according to corresponding individual risk value of HSE, and land-use planning suggestions are proposed. Finally, a natural gas pipeline in China is used as an example to illustrate the risk assessment process and its application in urban land-use planning. The proposed method has a certain theoretical and practical significance in establishing and improving risk analysis along the gas pipeline and urban land-use planning.     

Pipeline Transportation of Solid Materials

The reasons behind the search for alternatives to the currently used transport methods are congestions in communication systems, roads, stations, and transport nodes, which were built years ago and are not able to handle with the current load, the increasing number of motor vehicles, the emergence of congestions in the road network and disruptions reducing smooth traffic flow. The consequence of the phenomena is the transport congestion in urban transport systems. This article describes possibilities to change this state of affairs with the use of alternative transport method, which is the underground pipeline transportation of solid and bulk goods. The main objective of the study is to indicate the possible ways of using alternative transport routes to reduce transport congestion in large urban areas and industrial areas. There are currently implemented at least three research projects aiming to develop the theoretical and practical foundations for the underground transport of solid materials by using pipelines. In 2008, at the University of Oxford, research project Fri. FOODTUBES TM was launched. At the Ruhr University in Bochum, the project Cargo Cap is in realization. A new initiative （2014） is a research project carried out by a group of Captrans universities from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Italy, and Greece. Methodology used in those projects is primarily an analysis of reports on the current and projected traffic on the roads, highways, major hubs ect.; analysis of technical solutions used in pipeline transport of liquids and gas, as well as underground corridors drilling technologies for sewage pipes for various purposes. In the projects, there are also used computer simulations and prototypes are built. Developing parameters for the safe transport of solids in pipes is not an easy task. The solution must take into consideration logistics, economic, ecological, geological, legal, and many other aspects.     

中乌管道管理实践分析

中乌天然气管道是中亚天然气管道的组成部分,是连接土、哈、中四国的战略性工程、经贸的纽带和友谊的桥梁。本文主要通过对管道运行风险和管道管理模式进行分析,最终得出客观存在的结论。     

热油管道对农作物生长的影响

近年来,加热油气管道对农作物生长的影响问题越来越受到重视。本文对中国石化管道公司所辖埋地管道附近土壤温度场影响因素进行分析,并选取了小麦、水稻、玉米、棉花、蔬菜等代表性农作物进行研究。结果表明:热油管道温度场对小麦产量有消极影响;除魏荆线、钟荆线部分地区、部分时段外,管道温度场对水稻的产量无影响或有积极作用;对玉米无影响;对棉花的生长有积极促进作用;北方地区热油管道温度场对蔬菜生长的利弊无法确定,南方地区管道温度场对蔬菜的生长无影响或有积极作用。