Vertical Restraints and Market Access

This paper analyzes vertical restraints in relation to market access issues. In Section II we briefly review the recent three major trade conflicts between Japan and the USA in light of vertical restraints. In Section III we review the major policy lessons of the economics literature of vertical restraints, and analyze whether we need a special treatment for vertical restraints abroad for a market access reason. In Section IV we evaluate the policy options towards foreign foreclosure and suggest that nondiscriminatory application of foreign or home competition policy should be the mechanism to address such concern instead of trade policy actions such as voluntary import expansions.     

家族企业目标的多重性及其冲突分析

家族企业与一般的非家族企业相比,除了存在企业目标和股东目标之外,还存在家族目标,家族企业承担目标的多重性常常使家族企业处于矛盾冲突当中,因为企业、股东和家族在目标、成功标准和权利平等性等方面各不相同,家族企业因为混淆了这些方面的不同规则,因而导致冲突的出现。家族企业的矛盾冲突包括家族成员经济利益冲突、权力地位冲突、经营思路冲突、角色冲突、家族企业主与职业经理人之间的冲突等等,每一种冲突都是对家族企业的严峻考验,家族企业必须及时识别和化解这些冲突。     

浅析网络信息安全技术

文章总结分析了网络信息的几种安全技术,并简要叙述了安全技术的具体应用。     

战后美国城市发展的新特点

"二战"后,美国城市发展从原来的传统城市化,转入大规模的人口郊区化,郊区"卧城"大量产生.20世纪80年代以来,美国进入"后工业"社会城市发展时期,产生了"边缘城市"与"无边缘城市"等城市空间新类型,同时也面临资源、居住和社会经济等方面的问题.     

中国省级区域国际旅游竞争力决定因素分析

基于理论分析提出了影响我国省级区域旅游目的地国际旅游竞争力的8个决定因素,即旅游资源、旅游资本、旅游业劳动力、政府作用、企业能力、旅游产业结构、基础设施和区位条件。以我国31个省(区)为样本,利用基于面板数据的多元线性回归分析方法,从实证角度定量研究了上述8个决定因素对省级区域国际旅游竞争力影响的显著性及其相对重要性。回归结果显示:我国各省(区)国际旅游竞争力来源的98.5%能够由8个决定因素解释;除旅游产业结构外,其他决定因素对各省级区域国际旅游竞争力的影响均在0.01的水平上显著。     

技术独董、经济政策不确定性与企业创新产出

创新产出是企业创新能力的直观体现,也是企业价值创造的源泉。以2008—2017年披露了专利授权信息的中国A股上市公司为样本,研究了独立董事技术专长对企业创新产出的影响。结果显示：（1）技术独立董事显著地促进了企业创新产出,且这种促进作用受到经济政策不确定性的负向调节;（2）技术独立董事是通过提高企业的创新投入来促进企业的创新产出的;（3）技术独立董事兼职席位与企业创新产出呈倒U型关系。根据上述研究结论,企业应当增加技术独立董事的引入并适当限制技术独立董事在其他企业兼职的行为,以充分发挥技术独立董事的创新驱动效应,提高企业创新产出。     

Access to Finance,Financial Development and Firm Ability to Export: Experience from Asia–Pacific Countries

With particular reference to Asia–Pacific countries, the present study examines how access to finance and financial development affects firms’ ability to enter export markets. Using firm‐level data from the World Bank Enterprises Survey, we found that access to finance plays a significant role in improving firms’ ability to export. In addition, development of the financial sector fosters export market entry. Among the financial development indicators, reach of the banking sector variable is most prominent. The present study suggests that improvements in access to finance and financial development (increases in the reach of the banking sector) enable firms operating away from capital or major cities to enter export markets easily. The present study supports policy intervention to strengthen access to the financial sector, which would encourage firms to export, and to facilitate export market entry for remotely located firms.     

全球价值链下中国增加值贸易的核算及网络特征研究

基于投入产出模型和社会网络分析,利用世界投入产出表相关数据,对2000—2014年中国的增加值贸易进行核算,并分析全球增加值贸易的网络特征。研究结果显示：（1）从出口目的地来看,中国向美国、日本、德国等国家的增加值出口较大;（2）从行业来看,中国的纺织业、除汽车和摩托车之外的其他产品批发业、采矿业等行业的增加值出口较大;（3）根据网络密度的计算结果,世界范围的各国（地区）贸易联系程度在增强;（4）中国的相对点度数和点强度有上升的趋势,而日本和美国有下降的趋势,说明中国在世界增加值贸易格局中的地位在提升,不过美国仍在世界增加值贸易格局中占据主导地位;（5）核心边缘分析结果表明核心国家（地区）的数目经历了先增加后减少的过程,边缘国家（地区）数目则先减少后增加。其中,中国的核心度一直在增加,日本和美国的核心度呈现下降的趋势。因此,为了扩大增加值贸易,增强国际贸易的话语权,中国政府有必要采取调整进出口税率等政策,并重视与美国等国家的双边贸易合作,以实现双赢的结果。     

How Does Using a Mobile Device Change Investors’ Reactions to Firm Disclosures?

I examine how characteristics of investors’ information access tools change investors’ reactions to firm disclosures. I examine my research question in the context of information choice (i.e., allowing investors to choose the order of information and sections to read within a disclosure) and spatial layout (i.e., how information is displayed when viewing the disclosure). Results of an experiment are consistent with information choice improving investors’ judgments if the disclosure is viewed on a computer screen. Conversely, and consistent with cognitive overload, information choice harms investors’ judgments if the disclosure is viewed on a smaller screen, such as that of a mobile device. Follow-up experiments show that changing the disclosure presentation to reduce the need to scroll is one way to improve investors’ judgments on a smaller (or mobile) screen. My findings caution firms and regulators about expanding information choice within disclosures without considering the screen size used to access the disclosure.     

动态联盟与中小企业的成长

在竞争激烈、产品快速升级换代的环境下,中小企业难以完全依靠自身力量立足并取得发展,中小企业成长依赖于外部资源获取,而资源获取渠道又通常来自于各种关系交织成的复杂、交叉重叠的社会网络,文章将中小企业与动态联盟联系起来,对动态联盟这种新的企业运作模式在中小企业成长所起的作用进行论述。