“To buy or to pirate”: The matrix of music consumers' acquisition-mode decision-making

The decision to engage in music piracy may be preceded by consumer consideration of a range of issues. The determinants of such piracy as embedded in a large matrix of acquisition-mode decision factors relevant to exchange theory, including economic, legal, ethical, network and consumer behavior aspects, are investigated here. This matrix depicts numerous interrelated factors and makes assessing the decision-making process regarding music piracy more contextual than previously considered. A study of 204 American business students was conducted to test this matrix and assess the impact of the various factors. Implications and future research regarding this decision-making matrix and exchange theory are provided. The significant factors predict whether an exchange takes place between music consumers and the music industry.     

大唐文化中的生命美学精神抉要

唐代是一个青春洋溢、生命勃发的时代,是一个将人的创造力挥洒得五彩缤纷、张扬得淋漓尽致的时代。唐代文化辉煌成果得益于唐代的文化开放政策,唐代统治者以空前的热情与自信开拓疆域,解放思想和意识形态,这种开明文化政策和开放的社会生活,使唐代文化在宽松的社会环境中健康成长,最终成就了光耀千古的文化伟业。     

生命与艺术——读《悲剧的诞生》看尼采的人生悲剧观

作为众人心目中的＂千年十大思想家＂之一的尼采,是一位应该被超越的伟人,他曾大声高喊＂上帝死了＂震撼了整个欧洲世界。《悲剧的诞生》是尼采的处女作,尼采透过日神阿波罗与酒神狄俄尼索斯以及二者之间的斗争与融合得出了生命本身就是一场悲剧的结论,只有用艺术之眼去看待周围才会发现生命是值得经历的。他提出了一种与叔本华不同的生命悲剧论——生命是痛苦的,但要笑着活下去。透漏于其中的乐观主义态度以及个体生命力张扬的重要性,都对尼采之后的学说产生了重要的影响。     

对国外三大音乐教学法的若干思考

通过分析国外三大音乐教学法的主要思想及特色,认为此三大音乐教学法对我国农村学校音乐教学具有一定的借鉴价值,并从五个方面论述了运用三大教学法改进农村学校音乐教学路径。     

Hey DJ,don’t stop the music: Institutional work and record pooling practices in the United States’ music industry

Abstract

Heeding calls to generate a creative synthesis between business history and organisation studies, this article analyses the emergence, institutionalisation and digitalisation of record pooling practices through the lens of institutional work. By developing an ‘analytically structured history’, this article contributes to the field of business history by demonstrating the value of practice and boundary work as organising categories. Practice and boundary work capture the continuous, recursive relations between structure and agency when constructing narrative explanations. It also contributes to neo-institutionalist history by demonstrating the embeddedness of institutional work – the everyday motivations and actions to revise practices and boundaries are shown to be intimately shaped by the conditions and affordances of historically-situated technologies.     

Subculture as learning context: subcultural music consumption as language,channel and journey

ABSTRACT

Subcultures cultivate alternative and resistive discourses and practices as well as transcendental meanings, experiences and identities. Yet, current knowledge falls short in documenting the ways in which subcultures facilitate learning. Therefore, this study empirically investigates the ways in which music subcultures offer consumers a learning context and potentially transformative process. Via an extensive online and offline ethnographic research design, the findings show how music subcultures enable learning at both the individual and collective levels. Findings reveal that the language of music awakens, the channel of music engages, and the music as journey of experiences facilitates action, navigation from one subcultural scene to another, alternative ways of knowing and critical social learning. Subcultures of music therefore provide consumers with a highly informal and unstructured experience in a participative, (inter)active, creative learning context.     

Music file sharing and sales displacement in the iTunes era

A growing empirical literature examines the relationship between music file sharing and legal purchases of music, but existing studies examine the period before consumers had attractive legal digital a la carte options. The iTunes Music Store has grown quickly since its appearance in 2003, and digital music now accounts for a third of US recorded music sales. Using two new surveys of University of Pennsylvania undergraduates in 2009 and 2010, we ask how music file sharing and sales displacement operate in the iTunes era, when the alternative to file sharing is purchasing individual songs, rather than entire albums. We find large amounts of file sharing in this population. Respondents have more stolen than paid music, but the music obtained via file sharing is, for the most part, low-valuation music which the respondents would likely not have purchased. The rate of sales displacement implied by the relationship between stolen and purchased music across respondents in both samples is between −0.15 and −0.3. That is, an additional song stolen reduces paid consumption by between a third and a sixth of song. Perhaps surprisingly, this is about the same as the CD sales displacement rate found for the pre-iTunes era using a similar empirical approach on a similar study population.     

论音乐教材在保护和挖掘黑龙江历史文化资源工作中的作用和意义

在音乐教材中加入黑龙江地方和少数民族的音乐内容,是发扬和继承黑龙江历史文化资源的重要举措。选用具有黑龙江地方特色和民族内容的音乐教材,为保护和继承发展该省历史文化资源的重大工程奠定坚实的基础。     

肢体语言在音乐教学中的作用

在众多的应试教育中,教师为弥补语言表达能力的不足把需要讲的内容全部写在课件上,把音乐课上成了文学欣赏课。如何弥补这样的不足,创造出富于感染力的音乐课堂呢？通过情境、手段、内涵等不同方面展现肢体语言在音乐教学中的作用。音乐教师巧妙运用肢体语言来传达感情,肢体语言将成为一种具有较高审美价值和感情交流价值的沟通工具。     

音乐教育对提高大学生综合素质的作用研究

音乐教育是素质教育的重要组成部分,它在大学生综合素质培养中有助于提高学生音乐艺术审美素质、思想品德素质,有助于培养学生的思维想象力,有助于提高学生的适应社会能力。