带最大正负功带式输送机运行工况的分析

文章分析了具有最大正功又具有最大负功发电运行状态带式输送机运行的各种工况,对相关专业有一定的借鉴意义。     

Allocation,externalities, and building value

Externalities generally are viewed as impacting land values rather than building values. Yet when locational obsolescence is attributed to externalities, the implication is that externalities impact primarily on building values. The presence of negative externalities generally does not determine whether a building suffers from locational obsolescence; the more general cause is a misallocation of land. At the market allocation, there is no locational obsolescence even in the presence of an externality, while at the optimal allocation only an externality can produce locational obsolescence. Because locational obsolescence can exist without externalities, an externality is not a necessary condition for locational obsolescence. Because an externality can be present without accompanying locational obsolescence, an externality also is not a sufficient condition for the existence of locational obsolescence.     

网络外部性与软件产业技术扩散

对我国软件产业而言,缺乏核心技术是制约发展的瓶颈问题,而技术扩散是解决软件产业技术落后的主要方法。本文从网络外部性的角度入手,分析了软件产业网络外部性的特点、网络外部性对软件产业的影响、以及在网络外部性下形成的不同市场结构,并以“结构一行为一绩效”的产业组织分析范式为基础,研究了不同市场结构下软件产业的技术扩散行为。     

The "Invisible Hand"

The argument of the "Invisible Hand" is that the system of free enterprise benefits society in general even though it is not the aim of any particular economic agent to do that. This article proposes an analysis of why this is so. The key is that the morality of the market forbids only force and fraud; it does not require people to do good to others. Nevertheless, when all transactions are voluntary to both parties, that is exactly what we can expect to happen. This is both because the sum of the benefits of innumerable transactions, which are beneficial to both parties, is very great, but also and especially because of Positive Externalities. People use the particular products and services they get in market exchanges in ways that benefit others in ways not at all foreseen by the agents to those transactions at the time. These externalities range from the benefits of invention and ingenuity to the exercise of charity and philanthropy, all of which flourish in developed capitalist societies.     

新型阴极结构铝电解槽焙烧工艺改进

文章介绍了新型阴极电解槽几种焙烧工艺技术的特点,深入探讨了其存在的问题,通过改进创新,形成了适合于新型阴极电解槽焙烧的双层介质焙烧技术,取得较好的焙烧效果。     

诚信纳税激励机制设计

完善的诚信纳税激励机制要求正激励手段与负激励手段并用。我国长期以来激励手段过于单一，且以负激励为主。在税收征纳博弈过程中，引入正激励手段尤其是精神奖励可以起到激励纳税人诚信纳税的效果。因此，我国应落实正激励措施，构建和完善相应的奖励制度。     

儿童产品的广告创作探讨

儿童产品的广告诉求对象既可以是儿童,也可以是家长。由于两者的消费心理存在着极大差异,使得儿童产品的广告创作与一般消费品广告创作有所不同。儿童产品的广告创作应该把握儿童的广告接受特点,明确广告诉求对象,针对诉求对象分别制定不同的广告策略,同时在广告创作中要注意避免不利于儿童成长的负面影响。     

社会保障政策目标X-低效率分析：一个新的研究视角

X-低效率分析是社会保障政策目标分析的一个新的研究视角。＂漏桶理论＂天然地诠释了社会保障X-低效率存在的原因,社会保障制度作为社会的稳定器和安全网,其政策效率目标在运作过程中会产生一定漏出量,引发X-低效率现象。政府失灵、制度设计管理缺陷、道德风险与负面激励共同构成了社会保障政策目标X-低效率的客观诱因。     

Joint Management of Emission Abatement and Technological Innovation for Stock Externalities

We investigate how emission abatement and technological innovation provide different solutions to reduce pollutant emissions. In the case of a stock externality emission abatement leads to a smooth and continuous adjustment of emissions. Conversely, technological innovation has to be interpreted as an option on a less polluted environment and can justify the use of a pollution threshold above which it is optimal to start a research and development programme for a less polluting technology. It is shown that technological innovation interferes with the traditional emission abatement approach. The optimal abatement level is logically lowered once the less polluting technology is available; nevertheless a temporary increase in emissions is optimal during the research and development period. The usual Pigouvian tax system proves to remain an efficient corrective instrument. A numerical application to the Greenhouse effect is provided.     

克服母语负向迁移,创设英语语言环境

母语负向迁移是英语学习过程中的常见现象,对于新知识的学习和掌握往往会产生负面影响.通过对各种负向迁移现象的分析,提出克服母语负向迁移的行之有效的方法--创设英语语言环境,旨在帮助英语学习者克服母语干扰,提高学习效率.