Socio-cultural predictors of injuries: life-course experience of hospitalised injuries during the past century in the Velestino study

Retrospective reviews provide unique opportunity to assess changing approaches to trauma in recent history and identify modifiable behaviours through the lessons of the past. The objective of this paper is to depict the nearly one-century long, life-course injury experience of seniors residing in Velestino, an agricultural Greek town, and comment on neglected determinants and transitional patterns following historical and socio-cultural events in the area. The life-course experience of non-fatal injuries, requiring hospitalisation, has been reported by N = 643 study participants, aged 65–102 years. Injuries were grouped and assessed in three ways: chronologically, by body part and by type. Overall, 124 injuries have been recorded over the past 70 years; the majority sustained by men (58.6%), and the highest number of injuries occurred during the recent decades, 1980s–1990s. For the age groups 26–45 and 46–65 years old, traffic (37.5% and 22.2%) and occupational (25.0% and 22.2%) events have been the commonest cause of injury, whereas injuries occurring at home were primary hazard (25.8%) for the elderly. Moreover, meaningful historical connections with warfare and migration movements were made. In retrospect, socio-cultural factors emerge as important predictors of certain injuries, pointing to the number of factors that should be taken into account when designing injury-prevention programmes.     

Ethical Value-Added: Fair Trade and the Case of Café Femenino

The complex global business environment has created a host of problems for managers, none of which is more difficult to address than bullying in the workplace. The rapid rate of change and the ever-increasing complexity of organizational environments of business throughout the world have increased the opportunity for bullying to occur more frequently. This article addresses the foundations of bullying by examining the ‘nature’ (i.e., bullying behavior influenced by the innate genetic make-up of an individual) and the ‘nurture’ (i.e., individuals learn to be bullies and environments allow the behavior to perpetuate) arguments for the occurrence of bullying behavior. In addition, guidelines are presented for managers in global organizations to use in assessing and monitoring bullying activities in global organizations.     

中国台湾聚酯业跨世纪展望

中国台湾省聚酯业在 2 0世纪中取得了令世人瞩目的成绩 ,在新世纪中 ,聚酯业面临着新的机遇和挑战 ,在阐述了下世纪台湾省聚酯业的发展前景后提出了应采取的措施。     

国际经济秩序演变与百年未有之大变局

当前世界正经历"百年未有之大变局",保护主义、单边主义政策日趋成为西方国家的主要选项,加之新冠肺炎疫情的冲击,给未来世界经济带来诸多不稳定与不确定性。在世界格局发展的重要历史拐点,延续中国经济发展的良好势头,成功应对"百年变局"的挑战意味着我们仍然处于历史发展的机遇期。回归经济基础层面,从国际经济秩序演变的视角来把握"百年变局"是根本。"战争悖论"使得过去的"百年变局"由资本主义殖民体系转向新的国际经济秩序,未来的百年之变一定意味着对现有国际经济秩序的调整和完善。因此,对现行国际经济秩序运行、变化、走势及矛盾的判断是关于世界经济未来的最根本问题。     

Modeling the age and age composition of late 19th century U.S. immigrants from Europe

Using panel data on 12 European source countries that are followed for 26 years (1873-1898), this paper studies age-specific emigration rates and the age composition of U.S. immigration. Two age groups are the focus of attention, 15-40 and over 40. Emigration-rate models and compositional models that satisfy adding-up conditions are estimated by the Hausman-Taylor Instrumental Variable approach. Younger migrants responded more strongly to job opportunities than to wage differentials, whereas older migrants responded more strongly to wage differentials. Both age groups tended to follow recent past migrants to the U.S. Relatively many younger (and relatively fewer older) migrants came from countries with higher percentages of their work forces in agriculture. Higher source-country birthrates discouraged younger migrants, presumably by raising the cost of family migration.     

当代商业文化大潮中的女性写作

当代女性写作热潮的涌现与商业文化时代的推波助澜有着直接、密切的联系，本文旨在通过对新世纪前后10年间女性写作状况的描述以及女性写作与商业文化关系的分析，找出当代女性写作繁荣形成的多种因素，探寻新世纪女性文学的持续发展之路。     

新世纪马克思主义美学研究的基本格局与特点

新世纪以来,中国的马克思主义美学研究以对马克思主义美学历史层面的开掘,把握其与时俱进的理论品格为主导,着力于马克思主义美学的革新和新时代有中国特色马克思主义美学体系的建设这两个基本方面问题的讨论和研究,形成了多元共生与多样统一、形态转换与体系建构、对话、交流与发展的基本格局与特点,展现了当代中国马克思主义美学研究的广阔前景。     

试析16～17世纪英国社会结构的变化

16～17世纪的英国面临着经济政治制度的双重变革。伴随着商品经济的发展、社会的分化、财富的积累,英国的社会结构随之发生了新的变化。旧的社会等级秩序渐渐为新的等级秩序所代替。贵族阶级作为旧的社会秩序中的中坚力量虽然在新的社会秩序中依然占有一席之地,然其地位已不可同日而语。中等阶级的兴起、教士和自由民社会地位的变化、两极分化的加剧等都与当时的社会环境密不可分。本文从英国当时的社会环境入手,探析16—17英国社会结构的变化以及这些变化产生的原因与影响。     

Size and Structure of Disaster Relief when State Capacity is Limited: China’s 1823 Flood

This paper presents new archival evidence about the amount and structure of central government disaster relief during China’s devastating flood of 1823. The flood affected 20 per cent of China’s counties, and spending per capita was sizable and distributed between provinces depending on the intensity of flooding. Because of its relative small size and limited state capacity, the Chinese government ultimately spent about half of its annual tax revenues on relief during 1823. Given China’s ensuing secular economic stagnation, this is consistent with models emphasising state capacity for economic growth.     

Guiding the path: Identified skills for educating the next generation of workers

The changing economy brings about new and exciting opportunities for emerging workers. Research shows that adolescents transitioning to adulthood are eager to enter the workforce and begin their careers, but many will be underprepared for the types of responsibilities that their new positions will entail. Subjectively identifying the skills that current workers believe will be necessary for future job success provides insight into how school curriculum may adapt to the changing economy and better support their students. This study explores the viewpoints of workers and the skills that they will need to take the next steps in their careers.