基于农户行为理论的农村劳动力非农就业影响因素分析

本文以调研问卷为基础,从农户行为视角,运用Probit模型,分析家庭特征、户主特征、兵地不同体制、区域农村金融发展水平与就业环境对新疆农户非农就业的影响。研究发现：在家庭特征中,16岁以上劳动力数量、家庭在校子女数、家庭实际作物种植面积、农业收入占比对农户影响显著;个人特征中,受教育年限对农户非农就业有正向影响;不同体制下,地方农户相比兵团职工非农就业意愿更高;区域农村金融发展水平方面,仅“是否了解小额信贷政策”对农户非农就业具有负向影响;就业环境因素中,距离乡镇集市的距离对农户具有负向影响。文章最后提出了应加强农村社会保障,培训农户职业技能,减少兵团对职工外出务工的约束,增强金融机构在农户自主创业过程中的资金支持力度,增加农村地区的交通基础设施建设等政策建议。     

价值转移下的人本资本财务与非财务预警指标体系构建研究

根据人本资本结构设计财务与非财务预警指标体系,并在财权与产权这两个相近的经济学范畴找到理论依据,在财权与产权两者交叉的领域找到财务与非财务预警指标融合的基础.基于因子分析法和漂移度的组合预测方法,利用中国国有或国有控股稍造业上市企业样本数据对构建人本资本财务与非财务预警指标体系进行可靠性和科学性分析,为今后预警指标体系设计提供一种模式.     

射频信道非线性失真对多载波数字通信的影响及常用线性化技术分析

讨论了信道非线性特性引起的各种失真特性,利用仿真软件比较了信道非线性对单载 波和多载波数字通信的影响,总结并分析了目前常用的信道线性化技术,对于高频段多 载波数字通信系统射频信道的线性化设计具有一定的指导意义。     

Diffusion of Management Accounting Practices in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries*

This study examines how management accounting practices (MAPs) have been adopted and diffused by publicly listed firms in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The results of our survey show that the adoption rates for MAPs in the area of cost management and strategy are low while those in the area of performance measurement are moderate. Overall, the respondents favorably perceived their success in implementing MAPs. Power and politics, not economic (or cost–benefit) reasons, were considered to be the most influential reasons for nonadoption of MAPs. The results provide partial support to the view that there is a global convergence of management accounting system designs and ideas and also indicate that the role of cultural differences is diminishing over time.     

Spatial Correlation in Household Choices in Rural Indonesia*

Many household choices in developing economies are correlated with choices of nearby households, because nearby locations have unobserved factors in common and households and their neighbors interact. However, models recognizing these spatial correlations are rarely used because few surveys give exact household locations. In the present paper, we use unusual data from rural Indonesia, where distances between households can be measured, to examine spatial effects in equations for non‐farm enterprises' share of household incomes and food's share of total household budgets. Our results indicate that ignoring spatial correlations in household choices might cause bias and inferential errors and could distort recommended policy interventions aiming to raise living standards in rural Asia.     

我国宏观税负水平的合理性判断

由于经济发展水平等差异,国与国之间的宏观税负不具有完全的可比性。从经济发展阶段、税收与经济增长的关系判断,我国的宏观税负与变动趋势比较合理。从政府职能的实现程度来说,我国的宏观税负并不高。从宏观税负与微观税负的关系度量,个别纳税人和税种的税负有降低的必要。从税收与非税收入的搭配来衡量,非税收入偏多。从国民收入分配格局和税负分配结构来判断,我国必须建立以直接税为主的税制模式。从财政支出的用途判断,需要财政继续加大民生投入,切实改善民生。     

Material Cultures of Tourism

Abstract

Despite the fact that tourists constantly interact corporeally with things and physical places, tourist studies have failed to understand the significance of materiality and objects in modern tourism. Like much theory and research influenced by the ‘cultural turn’, tourist (and leisure) studies have melted everything solid into signs. This article is inspired by current calls for a renewed engagement with the ‘material’ in social and cultural geography and sociology. It introduces questions of materiality and material culture into cultural accounts of contemporary leisure and tourism, in particular in relation to space and ‘human’ performances. In doing so it stresses the inescapable hybridity of human and ‘nonhuman’ worlds. It is shown that leisure and tourist practices are much more tied up with material objects and physical sensations than traditionally assumed and that emblematic tourist performances involve, and are made possible and pleasurable by, objects, machines and technologies. Thus we suggest that further engagement with the ‘material’ would be the constructive path to follow for future leisure and tourist studies.     

论非政府组织与基层政权的关系

非政府组织作为独立于政府和企业的第三支力量,在公共领域的治理方面有着很大的影响。由于组织上、利益上的互补以及存在共同的治理空间,非政府组织与政府之间存在功能性的合作,但是由于各自组织原则和文化关怀的不同,二者之间也存在着矛盾冲突。     

我国建立多层次资本市场的发展现状调查研究

经过20年的发展，我国初步建立了三层交易市场结构的资本市场。但是，分析资本市场实际运行所发挥的功能，会发现我国的资本市场体系是单层内部分层结构的市场体系。我国资本市场是一个非完全市场化的市场，行政机制的多途径介入弱化了市场的法律监管机制。扭曲了资本市场的市场功能，使资本市场在运行中导致了诸多问题。我国的资本市场缺乏优胜劣汰筛选机制，难以抑制市场投机行为，不能满足诸多层次投资者的投资需求，也不能满足大多数中小企业和高新技术企业的投资需求，增大了金融系统的脆弱性和经济运行的风险性。     

大城市市郊农村劳动力非梯度转移的途径与问题——郫县农科村调查

通过对四川郫县农科村农户和村干部的访谈,论述了农科村发展沿革、劳动力工时利用及村民的收入状况,指出了农科村发展模式的成功经验与局限性。实现农科村劳动力非农化持续转移有赖于经营方式创新以及对城乡分割的二元结构的制度改革。