空间四站时差定位中的模糊及无解研究

员工关系管理是现代企业人力资源管理的重要内容,注重和谐与合作是这一概念所蕴涵的精神。在激励员工的众多方法之中,薪酬激励可以说是一种最直接、最有效的方法。如何把和谐与合作的精神体现在对员工的薪酬结构设计中,本文从权衡企业人力资本的价值、合理确定员工的薪酬结构、引入股权激励机制等方面进行了探讨。     

跨文化商务沟通中的非语言交际

跨文化商务沟通中，非语言交际起着举足轻重的作用，占整个交际过程的70％。非语言交际涵盖身势语、商务礼仪以及时空安排；非语言行为在跨文化交际中丰富了文化的内涵，在跨文化商务沟通中体现了人的价值取向和行为准则；非语言行为发挥着独特的社会语用功能。     

公益性节庆活动自我营销筹措经费的途径探讨

将公益性节庆活动的政府拨款改为商业化筹款是必由之路。其实现的基本条件是:有愿买之人、有可卖之理、交易公平。实现途径是:转变观念、加速市场化改革;回顾总结推广、试点探索提高;加快行业建设和人才培养;强化营销管理、严格营销审计。第23届奥运会的经营思想和经营方法证明了这种改革的可能性。     

不起诉裁量制度的价值分析与重构

不起诉裁量权是与起诉便宜主义密切相联系的,法律赋予检察官对于起诉与否的选择权。各国立法对检察机关享有不起诉裁量权的大小持有不同的态度。我国立法对不起诉裁量制度所蕴含的丰富而深刻的价值内涵予以认可,赋予了检察机关不起诉裁量权。但也存在着不足,主要表现在对不起诉裁量权的过度限制从而抑制其功效的发挥,因此,我国应采取有效措施,补正现行制度的缺陷,推动相关制度的进一步完善。     

数据链网络信息融合的有中心无中心处理结构

针对数据链网络的发展趋势及应用需求,揭示了有中心无中心融合处理的基本原理 ,并对其处理流程与关键技术进行了深入分析,并提供了解决思路及仿真分析。在此基础上 ,结合机载信息融合的功能及应用,分析对比了有中心无中心融合处理结构的优缺点,并提 出了适合当前数据链网络现状的融合处理方式建议,对网络化多平台信息系统的信息融合架 构设计、方案选择具有重要参考意义。     

Stated Attribute Non‐attendance in Successive Choice Experiments

Attribute non‐attendance in choice experiments affects willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) estimates and therefore the validity of the method. A recent strand of literature uses attenuated estimates of marginal utilities of ignored attributes. Following this approach, we propose a generalisation of the mixed logit model, whereby the distribution of marginal utility coefficients of a stated non‐attender has a potentially lower mean and lower variance than those of a stated attender. Model comparison shows that our shrinkage approach fits the data better and produces more reliable WTP estimates. We further find that while reliability of stated attribute non‐attendance increases in successive choice experiments, it does not increase when respondents report having ignored the same attribute twice.     

中国与印度贸易摩擦的原因及对策分析

随着中印双边贸易发展迅速,中国已成为印度的第二大贸易伙伴,印度也已成为中国在南亚地区最大的贸易伙伴。但印度对华贸易保护呈现愈演愈烈之势。在WTO成员国中,印度是金融危机以来对我国发起贸易救济案件最多的国家,两国间的贸易摩擦问题已不容忽视。本文通过对总贸易额、进出口商品构成、反倾销的比例等数据的比较,从宏观、政策和产业三个角度,分析了中印贸易摩擦存在的原因,并从政府、行业协会和进出口商会、企业的角度,制定出应对中印贸易摩擦的对策建议。     

A note on mean testing for high dimensional multivariate data under non‐normality

A test statistic is considered for testing a hypothesis for the mean vector for multivariate data, when the dimension of the vector, p, may exceed the number of vectors, n, and the underlying distribution need not necessarily be normal. With n,p→∞, and under mild assumptions, but without assuming any relationship between n and p, the statistic is shown to asymptotically follow a chi‐square distribution. A by product of the paper is the approximate distribution of a quadratic form, based on the reformulation of the well‐known Box's approximation, under high‐dimensional set up. Using a classical limit theorem, the approximation is further extended to an asymptotic normal limit under the same high dimensional set up. The simulation results, generated under different parameter settings, are used to show the accuracy of the approximation for moderate n and large p.     

Saddlepoint approximations for the sum of independent non‐identically distributed binomial random variables

We discuss saddlepoint approximations to the distribution of the sum of independent non‐identically distributed binomial random variables. We examine the accuracy of the saddlepoint methods for a sum of 10 binomials with different sets of parameter values. The numerical results indicate that the saddlepoint approximations provide very accurate estimates for the probability mass function and the right‐tail probabilities for the cumulative distribution function of the sum.     

Procedure for the Implementation of the Precautionary Principle in Biosafety Commissions

In order to fulfil their responsibilities under the precautionary principle, biosafety commissions should lay down guidelines concerning the understanding and application of this principle and work towards an operational procedure. With this contribution, we propose a step‐wise procedure that aims to establish the understanding of the precautionary principle within biosafety commissions and to provide a methodological approach for the application of this principle to specific cases in the course of risk assessment. This approach is based on systematically investigating the consensus view within a group of 15 biosafety experts with the help of sets of checklists. For step 1, we propose a checklist of 13 criteria aimed at defining the understanding of the precautionary principle. For step 2, we propose 4 criteria for the decision on whether or not to use the precautionary principle. For step 3, 11 criteria for the use of the precautionary principle are presented. In step 4, additional criteria for specific applications could be included. In step 5, possible recommendations to decision‐making authorities are proposed.