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51.
独立董事报酬水平和薪酬结构设计分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目前,我国独立董事薪酬制度存在严重的效率问题。研究发现,最优薪酬水平取决于独立董事的风险偏好、收入预期、工作能力和生产函数;最优薪酬结构取决于独立董事的风险偏好、收入预期,与其工作能力和生产函数无关;风险厌恶程度较高的独立董事适宜偏重货币工资激励。 相似文献
52.
Stephan M. Wagner Author Vitae Martin Hoegl Author Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2006,35(8):936-943
While there is increasing evidence that involving suppliers in new product development (NPD) is important, and for many firms even inevitable, there is also evidence that not all such efforts are successful. Firms aiming at implementing this strategy effectively have to pay close attention to several contingency factors on the organizational level and properly manage supplier involvement on the project level. The exploratory case study research underlying this article explores key issues to be considered when involving suppliers in NPD and the counter measures they can take. Our research shows that companies differentiate between so-called “know-how” and “capacity” projects, and that they manage them differently. Furthermore, this research shows that firms outside the automotive and high-tech manufacturing industries are likely to intensify supplier involvement in the future. 相似文献
53.
Caren Klingbeil Thorsten Semrau Mark Ebers Hendrik Wilhelm 《Journal of Management Studies》2019,56(5):929-965
Situated in the context of academia, this study integrates ideas from institutional theory, person‐environment fit theory and leadership research to conceptualize and examine the cross‐level link between the organizational‐level institutional logic of research commercialization and the entrepreneurial intentions of researchers. Multi‐level analyses based on a sample of 254 researchers working for 85 research group leaders in 49 German research institutes reveal that two distinct attributes of research group leaders – that is, their track records of entrepreneurial behaviour and their entrepreneurial intentions – play a significant role in transmitting the organizational‐level logic to the individual level. We also observe a complementary interaction between organizational‐level commercialization logic and the entrepreneurial track records of leaders. We discuss how these findings advance our understanding of science commercialization through academic entrepreneurship and how they inform institutional theory and theory development in other domains of entrepreneurship research. 相似文献
54.
55.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXPORT STATUS AND PRODUCTIVITY IN SERVICES: A FIRM‐LEVEL ANALYSIS FOR SPAIN
Asier Minondo 《Bulletin of economic research》2014,66(Z1):S138-S146
This paper analyses the relationship between export status and productivity in a major service exporter, Spain, during 2001–07. I find that exporters in the services sector are 45 percent more productive than non‐exporters. This productivity premium is larger for firms that supply non‐internet‐related services than for firms that supply internet‐related services. The results show that exporters were more productive than non‐exporters before beginning to export, and also that exporting increases productivity growth; however, this positive shock vanishes quickly. 相似文献
56.
文章分析了锅炉水位控制系统的基本原理及结构,针对传统PID控制器的不足之处设计了基于遗传算法的新型锅炉水位控制器,在此基础上搭建了锅炉水位控制系统。最后,通过仿真验证了该水位控制器在改善水位系统稳态误差及动态超调方面均具有较好的作用。 相似文献
57.
Li Qian 《International Journal of Production Economics》2011,131(2):505-518
Market characteristics, including intrinsic demand and customer sensitivity on price and product performance level, are distinct at different markets. Comparisons of various product development strategies in one market or two geographically separated markets are conducted for three classes of products: development intensive products (DIPs) with constant unit cost, marginal cost-intensive products (MIPs) with constant fixed cost, and marginal and development intensive products (MDIPs) with non-constant unit cost and fixed cost. Results show that larger demand size, less customer sensitivity on price and/or more sensitivity on performance level lead to more profit, a higher sale price and a not-lower product performance. The customer reservation or the saturation performance level should be generally adopted though the optimal performance level does exist occasionally. Unit cost and/or fixed cost must increase in performance at an increasing rate for the existence of one optimal performance level. Due to the impact of demand size, one high-end (low-end) MDIP or DIP could be introduced into one low-end (high-end) market at a different price if the demand size is significantly large in the low-end market. For DIPs, offering one niche high-end product is not worse than offering the low-end product into two markets. For MIPs with negligible fixed cost, the product line strategy is not worse than the standard product development strategy. Additionally, the product cost reduction approach adopted in one product line has significant effects on the best product development strategy and sequence. 相似文献
58.
Michal Skorepa 《Applied economics letters》2017,24(19):1389-1392
Using Bayesian model averaging, we determine which fundamental pair-wise differences suggested by the literature on optimum currency areas give the best explanation of medium-term variability of bilateral real exchange rates. The intercept in the best specification is statistically insignificant, implying that for a hypothetical pair of economies for which the differences were zero, the bilateral real exchange rate would not move. Thus, the ‘non-fundamental’ element of the medium-term real exchange rate variability is, in our sample at least, negligible on average. In other words, floating exchange rate does not in itself imply, on average, more real exchange rate variability in the medium term than an exchange rate peg. 相似文献
59.
《Journal of Retailing》2014,90(4):463-480
We examine consumer switching decisions in contractual service settings and contrast the drivers of actual switching with those of switching intent. We surveyed a panel of subscribers to all cell phone service providers in a market and recorded key marketing mix data. At four months intervals, we asked panel members about their switching intentions and then subsequently observed actual switching behavior. Consistent with construal level theory, our findings show that switching intent is explained by only a handful of desirability- or outcome-related variables (i.e., overall satisfaction, performance perceptions of important attributes, and monetary switching costs). In contrast, the results show that many more variable categories contributed to explain actual switching behavior. These findings confirm that switching intent is driven by a qualitatively different set of variables than switching behavior. Implications for theory, research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
60.
本文提出来在重要的不规则的工业结构设计过程中采用性能化抗震设计的方法及实现。主要阐述了结构抗震性能目标的确定方法,文章结合设计实例分析建筑结构的是否满足选定的抗震性能设计,旨在为其他建筑的抗震设计提供参考和借鉴作用。 相似文献