Product price and performance level in one market or two separated markets under various cost structures and functions

Market characteristics, including intrinsic demand and customer sensitivity on price and product performance level, are distinct at different markets. Comparisons of various product development strategies in one market or two geographically separated markets are conducted for three classes of products: development intensive products (DIPs) with constant unit cost, marginal cost-intensive products (MIPs) with constant fixed cost, and marginal and development intensive products (MDIPs) with non-constant unit cost and fixed cost. Results show that larger demand size, less customer sensitivity on price and/or more sensitivity on performance level lead to more profit, a higher sale price and a not-lower product performance. The customer reservation or the saturation performance level should be generally adopted though the optimal performance level does exist occasionally. Unit cost and/or fixed cost must increase in performance at an increasing rate for the existence of one optimal performance level. Due to the impact of demand size, one high-end (low-end) MDIP or DIP could be introduced into one low-end (high-end) market at a different price if the demand size is significantly large in the low-end market. For DIPs, offering one niche high-end product is not worse than offering the low-end product into two markets. For MIPs with negligible fixed cost, the product line strategy is not worse than the standard product development strategy. Additionally, the product cost reduction approach adopted in one product line has significant effects on the best product development strategy and sequence.     

论长江三峡旅游竞合博弈

本文从博弈的视角分析了多元竞争对三峡旅游发展的制约,探视了政府主导的区域合作与企业自发合作,认为竞合博弈战略是现阶段三峡旅游发展的最佳选择。基于竞合博弈战略,笔者探讨了在三峡区域旅游中实施竞合博弈的"创新"策略。     

Corporate Risk Management under Information Asymmetry

This paper examines the financial and operational hedging activities of US pharmaceutical and biotech firms that are subject to a high level of information asymmetry stemming from R&D investments during 2001–2006. We find evidence in support of the information asymmetry hypothesis à la Froot, Scharfstein and Stein (1993) that hedging helps mitigate the under‐investment problem. Specifically, we find that the use of financial derivatives is associated with greater firm value and that the value enhancement is larger for firms subject to greater information asymmetry and better growth opportunities. There is a synergy between financial hedging and operational hedging where the latter is used to counter product development risk. The results are robust with respect to alternative performance measures, industry‐specific growth measures, and the endogeneity problem. Our work is differentiated from existing studies that examined commodity‐based industries without addressing information asymmetry.     

浅析项目总承包制的管理

施工总承包企业要在项目总承包制中起决定性作用,建立完善的分包管理体系是基础,通过建立、健全企业的分包管理的组织体系和管理体系,落实管理职责,对分包单位实施一体化管理：选择好分包单位是关键,通过实施对分包单位的资格评定和业绩评定,从战略高度建立长期合作伙伴关系,工程分包实行内部招投标制：加强分包施工过程控制是保证,通过加强施工方案和施工过程的管理和控制,加强民工队伍的管理和控制工作,确保总承包项目按合同约定顺利竣工交付。     

关于外币折算问题的研究

本文研究外币折算汇率的选择及由此产生的汇兑损益归属、通货膨胀对汇率的影响，并就中国外币折算会计准则提出了修正意见。     

The pros and cons of globalization

Analysis suggests that future freer globalized trade will (1) likely benefit both rich and poor regions, (2) probably give measured percentage gains to poor places that exceed those to rich places, (3) possible exacerbate real income inequality between rich and poor, and more certainly (4) bring more lifetime uncertainty along with enlarged material gains. A backlash to freer trade, economic history suggests, will lead to weaker productivity advance, enhanced degree of monopoly, and to aggravated crony-capitalism and plutocratic lobbyist democracy.     

基于创新能力培养的实践教学体系的研究

从当前的大学生就业情况看,具有创新实践能力的大学生就业前景看好,所以在实践教学中注重培养学生的创新能力就成为高校教学改革的重要课题。     

Inflation or Deflation： A Test Based on the McCallum Rule

Some economists think that the economy of China will deflate, whereas some economists do not think so. This paper wants to verify the dispute based on the McCalhim rule, and give a simple analysis about the economy of China, which has kept a great growth speed in the last twenty years.     

“边缘地带”解决“三农”问题成败规律探析

研究“三农”问题成败的角度有很多,但从地缘政治视野中去探究“边缘地带”这一特定空间区域的成败经验,目前尚属空白。二战后的“四小龙”、日本和以色列都是成功的案例,而印度、伊拉克、伊朗则是失败的案例。总结其中成功的经验和失败的教训后可得出这样一个结论,即“边缘地带”的国家和地区,必须采取符合当时形势要求的外交战略和自身定位,通过至少与一个全球强权国家结盟,争取机遇和资源,实现“三农”问题的解决。     

发挥市县级矿产资源规划作用的几点思考

市县级矿产资源规划是国家矿产资源规划体系的重要组成部分,第二轮市县级规划编制实施正在全面展开,目前,1356个市县级规划获批准发布。由于各种原因,市县级规划编制实施过程中存在着基础资料缺乏、部门利益协调难、实施难度大等问题。从市县矿政管理特点出发,在规划的组织上、规划内容设定和规划实施管理等方面进一步细化完善,可以更好地发挥市县级矿产资源规划的作用。