浅谈电视节目主持人体态语的运用

体态语言学是众多学者、研究者和主持人都非常关注的一门学问，学习和运用体态语对提高电视节目主持人主持水平和提高主持人素质具有重要意义。一个电视节目主持人要想准确生动的表情达意，仅仅依靠有声语言是不够的，还必须借助于面部表情、肢体动作、身体姿势等体态语言。电视节目主持人只有正确而有效地运用好体态语，使其准确、富于表现力，使其更加适合电视节目需要和达到更好的效果，才能塑造优秀主持人的成功形象。     

Family Formation and the Divisions of Labour in Belgian Couple Households

In this chapter the authors describe how a quantitative analysis resulted in a proposal for a qualitative research. The aim of the quantitative research was to analyse the impact of family formation on the division of labour in couple households, based on data from the Panel Study on Belgian Households.In a first step a typology was made based upon data of 1224 Belgian couple households (1995). The second step consisted of a longitudinal analysis for the period between 1992 and 1995. The analysis of the impact of birth on the division of labour gave evidence of the revocability of equal patterns of division of labour.Based on these findings the authors concluded that the classic concept of emancipation does not allow us to understand the empirical phenomena. Hence, the authors proposed a new (qualitative) investigation aimed at clarification and empirical validation of different contents of the concept of emancipation.     

和谐奋进凝聚人心——剖析乡风

乡风文明是建设社会主义新农村的灵魂,是农村精神文明建设的关键。在我国,农村基础设施还比较落后,农村教育存在“空洞”,农村保障机制不够完善。建设好社会主义新农村,要大力发展经济;振兴教育事业;加强社会治安;整治村容村貌;创建精神文明;塑造先进典型;健全长效机制,逐步实现乡风文明建设的科学化、制度化、规范化。     

制度系统的性质及其对于演化的影响

本文分析制度系统的关联性质———可分离性、非分离性和准分离性 ,演化的帕累托 非帕累托性质 ,以及认知正误对其演化方式和绩效的影响 :(1 )若制度系统具有演化的帕累托性质和不存在认知失误 ,则可分离制度系统将具有演化的时序无关性 ;非分离制度系统如果是强耦合关系 ,就必须实行全局共时的演化 ,即突变式演化 ;若是弱耦合关系 ,就可以实行全局历时的演化 ,即渐进式演化。 (2 )制度系统演化的非帕累托性质使得其演化成功的概率取决于演化的方式和拥护演化的群体联盟与反对演化的群体联盟之间的力量对比。 (3 )存在两种认知失误 :对于制度演化的帕累托 非帕累托性质的认知失误和对于其关联性特征的认知失误。前者涉及制度系统演化的目标模式的选择 ,后者既涉及制度系统演化的目标模式的选择 ,也涉及演化的方式和步骤的选择 ,两者同时影响制度系统演化的绩效。     

Supermarket self-checkout usage in the United States

While some retailers have installed more self-service checkouts, others have removed them. A possible explanation is that their customer profiles differ. Previous research provides an incomplete or inconsistent picture of self-checkout users. This study uses an Internet survey of 605 adults to explore sociodemographic and attitude linkages with supermarket self-checkout interest. Interest in self-checkouts was negatively linked with age and with technological anxiety. Risk tolerance may also influence interest. Retailers should examine their current and future customer ages when considering self-checkout installations. Technology upgrades that reduce customer anxiety and decrease potential embarrassment about using self-checkouts may increase use.     

Ritual legitimation, de-coupling and the budgetary process: managing organizational hypocrisies in a multinational company

The study of participation in the budgetary cycle has formed a prominent part of the research literature concerned with the budgetary process. More recently there has emerged a body of literature concerned with exploring the political and symbolic nature of the budgetary process. The paper reports upon the outcomes of an empirical study of the introduction of `budgetary participation' in a division of a European subsidiary of a large North American car manufacturer. We detail the long process of consultation and negotiation within the subsidiary, and between it and the European Headquarters. The study provides a revealing instance of the roles of formal budget participation as a ritual of control and legitimation without the substantive involvement of middle managers and suggested to us the introduction of de-coupling and organizational hypocrisy alongside the introduction of budget participation. The study pays close attention to the contingent effects of the wider political context of the division and the relationships between the division, its organizational context and organizational environment, and how this context played upon the budgetary process in the division. The outcomes that we analyse at `Delta' reflect the de-coupling strategies and organizational hypocrisies commonly found in public sector organizations. In this wider setting the corporation persists with the ritual of `tight' budget negotiation and target setting and apparent underachievement in performance. Yet we conclude that the complex technological and political context to the formation and siting of Delta continued and may continue to support its existence.$g0     

Does studying economics in college influence loan decisions later in life?

The authors investigate the relationship between undergraduate economics coursework or majoring in economics and the debt behavior of the college graduates. The data come from the Baccalaureate and Beyond (B&B) longitudinal survey of the National Center for Education Statistics. College graduates who took courses in undergraduate economics or majored in the subject appear less willing to assume debt through auto loans or federal student loans. If they do assume debt, the amount of the monthly payment (auto loans) or the total amount owed (student loans) is less for college graduates with economics coursework or an economics major compared with other students. The findings are robust for college graduates one year and four years after graduation.     

高校×低效率与激励约束机制

由于观念、体制、管理诸因素的影响,我国高校存在着较为严重的×低效率。分析了造成我国高校×低效率的主要原因,并在此基础上针对性地提出了提高我国高校×效率的主要对策一优化高校激励约束机制的5个方面的政策措施。     

How Does the Stock Market View Bank Regulatory Capital Forbearance Policies?

During the subprime crisis, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) has shown, once again, laxity in resolving and closing insolvent institutions. Ronn and Verma (1986) call the tolerance level below which a bank closure is triggered the regulatory policy parameter. We derive a model in which we make this parameter stochastic and bank specific to infer the stock market view of the regulatory capital forbearance value. For 565 U.S. listed banks during 1990 to 2012, the countercyclical forbearance fraction in capital, most substantial in recessions, could represent 17%, on average, of the market valuation of bank equity and could go as high as 100%.     

越权减免税实证研究

仅仅从应然的视角研究越权减免税缺乏充分说服力,只有对其进行实证研究方能为如何应对提供解决思路。作者考察了改革近年来越权减免税与经济发展的关系,并且对取消越权减免税的情况进行了实证研究,认为:越权减免税现象存在一定的合理性,单纯取消越权减免税效果并不明显,只能在法治和分权视野下统筹考虑方能解决问题。