中国区域旅游规模的空间结构与变化

文章运用GIS环境下的空间分析技术,探讨了近年来中国区域旅游规模的空间结构及变化,其总体特征也在区域之间及区域内部的不同空间层级得到了进一步体现。中国旅游规模的空间分布总体上具有较强的正空间集聚性,且存在不断增强的趋势。局部区域的空间集聚表现了较强的规律性,并以人口地理分界线为临界区域,沿主要铁路干线发展,且空间扩散作用具不断增强趋势。东中西部及主要城市地区之间的空间差异明显,但区域之间及其内部的空间差距在不断缩小,区域旅游规模的空间结构不断得到优化。这在一定程度上体现了中国区域旅游规模的空间结构受旅游资源条件、交通条件及经济发展水平等影响因素的作用明显。进而通过文章的分析可为国家旅游空间规划与开发及相关政策的制定等提供理论上的借鉴。     

中国收入分配结构演变对国内旅游消费的影响

国内旅游是成熟旅游业的主体，其发展与经济水平高度相关。本文从居民收入及其分配结构演变角度，对20年来中国国内旅游消费及其特征进行理论性分析。     

Employees intent to leave: A comparison of determinants of intent to leave versus intent to stay

The purpose of the study is to examine whether the predictors that decrease employee intention to leave will also increase employees’ intention to stay. Therefore, the objective of the study is twofold: (1) to examine the influence of perceived organizational support, perceived supervisors’ support, and organizational commitment regarding intent to leave and (2) to investigate the influence of the same variables on intent to stay. A total of 416 hospitality employees in the U.S. participated. The results suggest that perceived organizational support and organizational commitment decreased intent to leave while only perceived organizational support had a positive impact on intention to stay. Implications detail ways that hospitality organizations can focus on increasing their employees’ commitment through perceived organizational support as a critical component of turnover culture.     

基于分形理论的区域旅游中心地规模与空间结构研究——以湖南省为例

旅游中心地对区域旅游的发展起着十分重要的作用,其规模和空间结构是否合理,将在很大程度上影响区域旅游发展的效益和质量.文章首次尝试运用分形理论分析区域旅游中心地的规模和空间结构,并以湖南省为例进行了实证研究.研究结果表明:采用分形理论来研究区域旅游中心地规模和空间结构是可行的;分形理论和方法是优化区域旅游中心地规模和空间结构,促进区域旅游发展的有效工具.     

质量成本核算中的几个问题

本文主要对网络统计的特点以及发展前景进行了分析 ,并构想在网络环境下如何开展统计工作。     

Career patterns of top management team members in five countries: an optimal matching analysis

This paper introduces optimal matching analysis (OMA) to the field of top management research. With this method, we develop six career patterns of top management team (TMT) members from five countries based on their international experience, organizational tenure and professional experience. The results provide strong support for the significance of these patterns, since each country (Denmark, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States) shows one to four predominant career patterns of their managers and the occurrence of these patterns also differs significantly between the fields of activity within the TMT (chairperson, head of a division, primary activities and support activities).     

电动汽车所用电控系统性能介绍及设计

本文简要介绍电动汽车所用电机控制器的种类、结构、工作原理、特点和设计。     

New perspectives on farm size and productivity

The farm size and productivity debate has been limited by the focus on land or labor productivity, generally showing respective productivity advantages to smaller or larger sized farms. Our purpose is to provide new perspectives on the debate by bringing together evidence from a set of novel case studies in both rich and poor countries. Common to them are the adoption of total factor productivity (TFP) as the comparative performance measure, and the reliance on panels of farm micro data. The present article presents a synthesis of findings from five case studies in (i) Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda; (ii) Bangladesh; (iii) Brazil; (iv) Australia; and (v) the United States. The preponderance of evidence from these studies suggests that there is no single economically optimal agrarian structure; rather, it appears to evolve with the stage of economic development. Certain farm sizes face relative productivity advantages, such as small farms in Africa. But with economic and market growth, that smallholder advantage will likely attenuate, moving toward constant and eventually increasing returns to size. Yet, importantly, small farms may be quite dynamic, and need not be a drag on agricultural growth until perhaps well into the development process.     

Social media affordances in entry‐level employees’ socialization: employee agency in the management of their professional impressions and vulnerability during early stages of socialization

This study examined how entry‐level employees interacted with social media during three stages of organizational socialization. They navigated between four different media affordances (persistence, editability, visibility, and association) while experiencing them as both enabling and constraining in different socialization stages. Qualitative interview data analysis revealed during anticipatory socialization, job applicants realized visibility and persistence in relation to institutional and individualized socialization. During encounter, new employees managed personal and professional life boundaries carefully against the association and visibility affordances. Although some participants used both public and enterprise social media for obtaining job‐related information and understanding coworkers and company culture, during metamorphosis, most interviewees adopted passive information seeking strategies and experienced a paradoxical tension between the enabling and constraining affordances of social media. Findings are discussed with regards to employees’ exertion of agency in managing their professional impressions and coping with high levels of uncertainty and vulnerability during early stages of socialization.     

Local network externalities and market segmentation

This paper models interaction between groups of agents by means of a graph where each node represents a group of agents and an arc represents bilateral interaction. It departs from the standard Katz–Shapiro framework by assuming that network benefits are restricted only amongst groups of linked agents. It shows that even if rival firms engage in Bertrand competition, this form of network externalities permits strong market segmentation in which firms divide up the market and earn positive profits. The analysis also shows that some graphs or network structures do not permit such segmentation, while for others, there are easy to interpret conditions under which market segmentation obtains in equilibrium.