The promise of creative/participatory mapping practices for sport and leisure research

This paper provides an introduction to the concept of creative participatory mapping of human–environment relations. It is identified that within human geography, artistic practice and urban design, biomapping and similar community mapping tools and methodologies are increasingly being embraced. However, within sports and leisure research the concept has yet to gain academic attention. Consequently, this paper provides a basis for thinking about how researchers and research participants in the fields of sport and leisure research might benefit if mapping human–environment relations was to be embraced and integrated into research design practices. Referencing recent turns to studying space and affect within sport and leisure studies, mapping is argued to offer innovative methodological opportunities for studying how people relate to and understand the urban environments in which they practice physical activity and leisure forms of embodiment. The paper concludes by arguing that, along with offering up new avenues for conceptual research, mapping human–environment relations, if readily embraced, can go a long way to fostering community engagement in: the identification of (un)safe urban routes for sport/leisure practice (e.g. running, cycling), the development and site identification of health/physical activity initiatives and the design of urban landscapes of sport/leisure.     

Off-season tourists and the cultural offer of a mass-tourism destination: The case of Rimini

This paper assesses the potential implications on off-season tourism of enhancing the cultural offer of Rimini, a popular Italian seaside holiday destination hosting about 12 million overnight stays per year. Since more than 9 million of these stays are concentrated in the summer season, in the last 20 years. Rimini has been undergoing a policy of seasonality smoothing, which mainly pivots around business and cultural tourism. This assessment has been carried out through discrete choice experiments submitted to a sample of about 800 tourists who visited Rimini outside the summer months. Since tourism can be viewed as a composite good, which overall utility depends on how the component characteristics are arranged, the choice experiments allow to disentangle the importance and the willingness to pay of tourists for different attributes of the holiday. The choice model incorporates a number of possible changes to actual tourism features (which are also the subject of public debate), including them in hypothetical alternative “holiday packages”. The conditional logit analysis of the choice experiments can highlight any synergy or trade-off between cultural and business tourism. Results suggest that business and leisure tourists share many features related to the use of the territory, while there are important trade-offs between these two groups and cultural tourists. Since business tourists have a higher willingness to extend their stay, a softer budget, and their demand is also complementary to the demand of summer tourists (Brau, Scorcu, & Vici, 2009), from the destination point of view investing in this market segment would be the best option. Although a “second best”, however, cultural tourists share with the local population of Rimini many aspects of the demand of territory (Figini, Castellani, & Vici, 2009). Hence, cultural tourism can play a fundamental role in the intermediate season as a tool for smoothing seasonality, to diversify investments and to give value to the city’s cultural heritage.     

国内个人理财业务发展探析

近年来,个人理财业务在我国金融市场中得到了快速的发展,使该业务成为了商业银行新的利润增长点.根据我国商业银行业务现状,结合香港的个人理财服务之鉴,分析国内理财业务存在的问题,提出对策建议.     

“三规合一”背景下的城乡总体规划

"三规合一"是当前城乡总体规划的创新方向。如何加强规划的统筹与管理,推动国民经济和社会发展规划、城乡总体规划和土地利用总体规划等规划的"多规合一"是当前规划业界所关注的焦点。结合城乡总体规划的发展趋势,探讨在"三规合一"的新背景下,城乡总体规划体系的适应与对策。     

Public participation and local environmental planning: Testing factors influencing decision quality and implementation in four case studies from Germany

Public and stakeholder participation in environmental planning is often assumed to enhance effectiveness through improving the environmental quality of decisions and enhancing implementation. We draw on the literature on participatory environmental governance in order to derive key participation-related factors that are hypothesized to impact on decision quality and implementation. We then outline four cases of decision-making processes in local environmental planning in Germany, representing a variety of forms of public participation, and what we suggest can be seen as four different pathways to ‘success’ in participatory planning. The case studies, recounted on the basis of stakeholder interviews and secondary research, are subjected to a cross-case analysis in order to examine the influence of participation in each case. We consider how key participation-related factors played out across the cases, and assess both decision quality and implementation against counterfactual non-participatory, or less-participatory, scenarios. In moving beyond accounts of ‘what happened’, and considering how participation changed the order of things relative to ‘what would have happened’ under different scenarios, the research highlights how very different pathways may lead to ‘success’ in participatory environmental planning from the viewpoint of process organizers and planners sympathetic to environmental issues. We conclude that, given the significance of context and surprises, planners and process organizers must be open to different pathways to the successful conclusion of participatory planning processes.     

土地利用总体规划修编指标利益冲突问题研究

研究目的：分析规划修编中,中央和地方、地方和地方之间在确定规划指标时利益冲突的成因和表现形式。研究方法：文献资料法,博弈分析法。研究结果：中央政府和地方政府土地利用追求目标上的差异是导致规划指标分解过程中产生冲突的主要原因。政府之间信息不对称是造成指标分解冲突的重要原因。研究结论：整合中央和地方的利益、实行参与式规划,做好规划修编过程中的上下结合,减少冲突,使得各项指标的确定能够有利于协调区域发展,并得到各地区的认同。     

模拟退火算法在土地利用总体规划中的应用

土地利用总体规划的核心就是土地利用结构的配置,在土地利用结构配置的各种方法中,模型法是一种较好的方法,提出了基于模拟退火算法模型的土地利用总体规划方法.介绍了模拟退火算法的模型和关键技术,并以铜山县为例进行了模型设计,把土地类型分为十大类,把经济效益最大化作为主导规划目标,将其它效益作为约束条件.根据设计的模型编程实现,得到了预期的结果,结果表明模拟退火算法是一种土地利用总体规划的有用的、有潜力的优化方法.     

土地利用规划实施评价的指标体系构建

研究目的:为科学地开展上轮规划实施评价提供依据,为同类研究提供参考。研究方法:文献研究、理论研究和系统工程分析方法。研究结果:提出了土地利用规划实施评价指标体系的建立原则,构建了土地利用规划实施评价的指标体系。研究结论:系统地设计了土地利用规划实施评价指标体系的框架,政策执行评价指标(控制指标)体系、土地利用程度提升评价指标(非控制指标)体系、规划方案实施效果和社会影响评价指标体系、规划实施后经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的评价指标体系。     

南海区土地规划管理信息系统的开发与应用

南海区土地利用总体规划修编是国土资源部县级规划修编试点之一，鉴于南海良好的土地信息化基础和修编试点的要求，我们在规划编制工作一开始，就十分重视土地规划管理信息系统的开发和应用。本文总结和介绍了南海区土地规划管理信息系统的建设目标、系统功能和特点、应用成效，并对其应用前景作了展望。     

Negotiating climate change responses: Regional and local perspectives on transport and coastal zone planning in South Sweden

Putting climate change policy-integration into practice is challenged by problems of institutional misfit, due to, inter alia, deficient vertical administrative interplay. While most focus within the field of climate change research has targeted the national–local interplay, less is known about the interface of regional and local perspectives. Here, the aim is to study that interface with a specific focus on the relation between regional and local spatial planning actors, through a case-study of transport and coastal zone management in a Swedish municipality. The article is based on interviews (focus group and single in-depth) and official planning documents. The material reveals a tricky planning situation, replete with conflict. In practice, various institutional frameworks, claims and ambitions collide. The attempts to steer the local spatial planning initiatives from the regional level led to conflicts, which in turn seems to have hampered the overall work for climate change management through spatial planning. Furthermore, there are few traces of prospects of a smooth vertical institutional interplay able to support the overall aims related to integrating climate change mitigation and adaptation in spatial planning.