Experience looping,design looping and concept crossing: The key to successful product invention,development and adaptation

The management of product invention, development and adaptation (PIDA) is as important as technology transfer, although some PIDA principles are not culturally transferrable. This article discusses three principles which are applicable in a variety of cultural contexts-experience looping, design looping and concept crossing. The firm which can successfully incorporate such principles into its PIDA planning, particularly in overseas operations, is likely to improve market share.     

The Potential for Collaborative Problem Solving in Design and Technology

This paper discusses the potential of Design and Technology (D&T) as an environment for collaborative problem solving. Peer collaboration is considered to be a valuable learning mechanism but has not generally been exploited by teachers or explored by researchers in this context. D&T is unique in involving procedural problem-solving activity where talk between peers relates to physical manipulation and feedback and both concrete models and graphical representations play an important mediating role. The role of teachers is central to our discussion, particularly their task structuring, agendas and pedagogic strategies for supporting learning through collaboration; these have been underplayed in much of the general research literature on collaboration. Our discussion works towards a framework for analysing collaborative problem-solving activity in D&T, building on sociocultural perspectives and deriving additional insights into pupils' social and cognitive strategies from the literature on classroom talk.     

An agent-based fuzzy cognitive map approach to the strategic marketing planning for industrial firms

Industrial marketing planning is a typical example of an unstructured decision making problem due to the large number of variables to consider and the uncertainty imposed on those variables. Although abundant studies identified barriers and facilitators of effective industrial marketing planning in practice, the literature still lacks practical tools and methods that marketing managers can use for the task. This paper applies fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) to industrial marketing planning. In particular, agent based inference method is proposed to overcome dynamic relationships, time lags, and reusability issues of FCM evaluation. MACOM simulator also is developed to help marketing managers conduct what-if scenarios to see the impacts of possible changes on the variables defined in an FCM that represents industrial marketing planning problem. The simulator is applied to an industrial marketing planning problem for a global software service company in South Korea. This study has practical implication as it supports marketing managers for industrial marketing planning that has large number of variables and their cause–effect relationships. It also contributes to FCM theory by providing an agent based method for the inference of FCM. Finally, MACOM also provides academics in the industrial marketing management discipline with a tool for developing and pre-verifying a conceptual model based on qualitative knowledge of marketing practitioners.     

An iterative approach to item-level tactical production and inventory planning

In this paper, we propose an iterative approach to jointly solve the problems of tactical safety stock placement and tactical production planning. These problems have traditionally been solved in isolation, even though both problems operate in the same decision making space and the outputs of one naturally serve as the inputs to the other. For simple supply chain network structures, two stages and one or many products, we provide sufficient conditions to guarantee the iteration algorithm’s termination. Through examples, we show how the algorithm works and prove its applicability on a realistic industrial-scale problem.     

Supply optimization for the production of raw sugar

Based on a case study from Venezuela, the production of raw sugar is investigated. Ideally, sugar mills operate at a constant production rate. However, safety stocks of the raw material cannot be maintained as sugar cane quality deteriorates very rapidly. Sugar cane is therefore continuously sourced in diverse quantities and qualities from hundreds of geographically dispersed haciendas and supplied to the milling process. Furthermore, due to weather conditions changing throughout the year, tight time windows must be observed for harvesting.The approach presented in this paper aims at preserving a constant supply while minimizing the associated costs. The entire planning problem is structured in a hierarchical fashion: (1) cultivation of the haciendas, (2) harvesting, and (3) dispatching of the harvesting crews and equipment. The corresponding optimization models and solution procedures are introduced and applied to the case study problem.     

市场失效、市场界限与城市规划调控

以经济理论分析市场失效、市场界限,论证城市规划作为政府管理对城市建设、资源保护、土地利用安排等方面干预和管理必要性和主要内容.     

区域性物流产业集聚区发展规划研究

现代物流服务体系的建设重点在于物流产业集聚区的建设与规划,在分析物流网络体系的基础上,明晰物流产业集聚区的内涵、规划原则和规划重点。以新沂市物流产业集聚区为案例,探讨区域性物流产业集聚区规划中的市场需求预测、战略愿景、规划目标、产业导向和重点项目。     

拆迁安置小区规划的问题及解决途径——以宁波市北仑区为例

以宁波市北仑区拆迁安置小区调查为基础,在分析安置小区的区位特征、空间形态特征的基础上,指出安置小区建设存在的问题与不足,并从规划角度对安置小区的住区布局原则、住区开发规模、住区服务配套设施、住区社区归属感营造、住区公众参与等方面提出相应的对策建议.