Important Intermediate Transactions and Multi-sectoral Modelling

For the maintenance and development of a disaggregated econometric model, the present paper deals with some aspects related to the identification of important intermediate transactions. First, some methodological aspects related to earlier works are discussed. By comparing the properties of different selection methods based on the recent West German input–output table, the calculations confirm the common finding that the necessary level of endogenization can be bounded meaningfully by an a priori investiga tion of the intersectoral transactions. This is also valid if the selection method considers restrictions that deal with the consistence of input–output tables and if some broader error criteria are applied. The main result of the empirical applications seems to be that some attention should be paid to temporal changes of important coefficients.     

Linking performance drivers in production planning and inventory control to process choice

This study investigates how process choice relates to production planning and inventory control decisions. We empirically examine the validity of deductively derived patterns about these types of decisions. More importantly, we look for normative insights by exploring how production planning and inventory control decisions affect operations performance. Our findings show that production line and continuous flow plants use more of a level production strategy, and carry less raw material and work-in-process inventory. The performance drivers for these plants, through which the operations function excels, are effective utilization of equipment, reduced finished goods inventory, and reduced setup down time. To gain forward demand visibility and batching economies, job and batch shops rely much more on backlogs in their planning process. These plants use more of a production chase strategy and position inventory lower in the bills of materials. Four performance drivers for top-performing job and batch shops are to find ways that better anticipate customers' orders, have a more responsive chase strategy, carry less raw material or purchased inventory, and shorten production planning horizon, partly through less reliance on backlogs. It is intriguing that top-performing plants not only do the expected things, given their choice of process, but also excel in selected dimensions—some of which fit the profile normally associated with a different process choice. To monitor and continuously improve operations, evaluation ‘scorecards’ should pay particular attention to performance drivers, which change depending on the plant's process choice.     

中外管理者收购融资的比较与启示

国资委、财政部正式公布了《企业国有产权向管理层转让暂行规定》,对MBO的实施范围作了界定,对实施主体提出了规范化要求。文章比较研究了国内外MBO不同的融资模式,认为我国企业管理者收购受有关法律和金融制度的限制存在融资工具和融资机构单一,融资渠道和退出渠道不畅等问题,其潜在的法律和金融风险不可忽视。最后,笔者对改进我国管理者收购融资提出了新的政策建议。     

超薄型钢结构防火涂料研究

文章综述了超薄型钢结构防火涂料的产品要求,回顾了国内外现有超薄型钢结构防火涂料研究现状,总结了国内外产品的差异,并在此基础上,探讨了提高超薄型钢结构防火涂料综合性能的技术途径,展望了未来的发展趋势。     

中小企业研发困境的博弈分析

知识经济时代，企业自主研发是增强其竞争力的必经途径。而在国内，众多中小企业对研发投入持消极态度，尽管政府多方鼓励，但收效不大，且企业在自主研发的投入方面与发达国家有着较大的差距。可从严格保护研发成果、协作研发与加大政府的政策优惠力度等方面对中国中小企业的研发投入情况进行改进。     

Does support from government help firms survive? Evidence on financial and political assistance in China, 1998–2007

ABSTRACT

Using the National Bureau of Statistics data set over the period 1998–2007, this article examines the dual roles of financial assistance and strong political links on firm survival in China by applying a semi-parametric duration model. We find that generally either financial assistance or strong political links had a positive effect on the likelihood of firm survival. Furthermore, if firms received both types of support from government, their survival rate was around two times as high compared to only receiving a single support. The likelihood of survival depended on the amount of assistance a firm received. We also find firm ownership impacts on its survival pattern. Lastly, China joining the World Trade Organisation (WTO) coincided with (cet. par.) higher firm failure, especially with regard to state-owned firms; however, this period also saw the authorities targeting political and financial help on the ‘better’ firms (especially SOEs) with characteristics likely to increase their chance of survival.     

集群中小企业发展的关键

在激烈的市场竞争中，单个中小企业在经营中困难重重。集群这种企业间组织新形式，可以发挥我国众多中小企业的优势，在不牺牲经营柔性的前提下，实现规模经济，降低经营成本。     

Evolution of harvesting strategies: replicator and resource dynamics

Abstract. Economic theories of managing renewable resources, such as fisheries and forestry, traditionally assume that individual harvesters are perfectly rational and thus able to compute the harvesting strategy that maximizes their discounted profits. The current paper presents an alternative approach based on bounded rationality and evolutionary mechanisms. It is assumed that individual harvesters face a choice between two harvesting strategies. The evolution of the distribution of strategies in the population is modeled through a replicator dynamics equation. The latter captures the idea that strategies yielding above average profits are demanded more than strategies yielding below average profits, so that the first type ends up accounting for a larger part in the population. From a mathematical perspective, the combination of resource and evolutionary processes leads to complex dynamics. The paper presents the existence and stability conditions for each steady-state of the system and analyzes dynamic paths to the equilibrium. In addition, effects of changes in prices are analyzed. A main result of the paper is that under certain conditions both strategies can survive in the long-run. Correspondence to: J. Noailly     

论中国特色社会主义经济学的核心范畴

确立中国特色社会主义经济学的逻辑起点，必须突出它的特殊性，而不能照搬以往的经济学。迄今，所有的经济学由于其任务和宗旨不同大体可分四种类型、四个逻辑起点。中国特色社会主义经济学根据它的任务和宗旨，需要在科学社会主义实践逻辑的基础上，进行科学抽象，分析其矛盾特殊性的三个表现及中国的个性，揭示以社会主义本质为核。范畴和逻辑起点的理论规定性，进而全面展开，创立新的架构。     

法经济学及其在中国的应用

“法经济学”迄今并没有一个大家一致认可的、标准的定义。法经济学可从狭义和广义两个角度进行区分。广义地理解法经济学可以使我们的视野变得更为开阔，同时也拓展了法律与经济这个主题所涵盖的范围。法经济学在20世纪七八十年代得到了蓬勃发展，但进入90年代后则鲜有突破，所以，法经济学未来的发展方向已经成为当前法经济学面临的最主要的理论问题。最近几年来，越来越多的中国学者加入到法经济学的研究中来。法经济学在中国的兴起，与中国正在经历一个制度变迁的时代有关。