Trade matters except to war neighbors: The international stock market reaction to 2022 Russia’s invasion of Ukraine

We investigate the role of international trade and proximity to war in international stock markets during the invasion of Ukraine by employing DiD designs and panel data comprising 70 stock markets. We find that differences in trade exposure to warring countries (trade effect) have a substantial and negative impact on non-European equity markets but are irrelevant for European markets. In contrast, differences in the distance to warring countries (proximity effect) have a significant and negative impact on European markets but have no bearing on non-European markets. We find that the relevance of rent from mineral, natural gas, and oil resources and the relevance of metals, ores, and fuels in exports operate as mitigators of the trade effect. Our paper provides valuable empirical evidence regarding the importance of mitigating the vulnerability of financial markets to international trade when a major war breaks out.     

Driving organizational citizenship behaviors and salesperson in-role behavior performance: The role of management control and perceived organizational support

Interest in management control approaches and organizational factors associated with higher levels of salesperson performance is reflected in research streams concerned with behavior-based control strategies and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). This study makes two distinct additions to the literature relating to control, organizational citizenship behaviors and salesperson performance. First, the study distinguishes between salesperson in-role behavior performance and outcome performance to model in-role behavior performance as a mediator between OCB and outcome performance. Second, the work supports sales manager control as an antecedent to OCB. A second model introduces perceived organizational support (POS) as an additional antecedent to salesperson OCB, and more important, as a consequence of sales manager control. This construct has not been included in prior salesperson OCB studies. Results show sales manage control has a stronger impact on OCB through POS, than directly, and POS has a strong impact on salesperson OCB. Nigel F. Piercy (Nigel.Piercy@wbs.ac.uk) is a professor of marketing in the Warwick Business School at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Wales and a higher doctorate (D.Litt) from Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh. His current research interests focus on strategic sales and account management. His work has been published in many journals including theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of International Marketing, and theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. He is coauthor to David Cravens onStrategic Marketing (8th ed., Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2006). David W. Cravens (D.Cravens@tcu.edu) holds the Eunice and James L. West Chair of American Enterprise Studies and is a professor of marketing in the M. J. Neeley School of Business at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas. He has a doctorate in business administration from Indiana University. His areas of specialization include marketing strategy and planning, sales management, and new product planning. His research has been published in a wide range of journals including theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Research, the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, and theInternational Journal of Marketing. Nikala Lane (Nikala.Lane@wbs.ac.uk) is a senior lecturer in marketing in the Warwick Business School at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of Wales and was previously a senior research associate at Cardiff University. Her research interests are focused on gender and ethics issues in sales and marketing management. Her work has been published widely in the international literature and includes articles in theJournal of Management Studies, theBritish Journal of Management, the Journal of Business Ethics, and theJournal of Personal Selling & Sales Management. Douglas W. Vorhies (dvorhies@bus.olemiss.edu) is an assistant professor of marketing in the School of Business Administration at the University of Mississippi. His primary research interests are in the areas of marketing strategy, marketing resources and capabilities, the links between innovation, strategic market management and performance, and professional selling and sales management. His other work has been published in many journals including theJournal of Marketing, Decision Sciences, theJournal of Product Innovation Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management.     

解读《楼居七日记》

文章分析了沈钧儒、褚辅成于1927年4月在国民党蒋介石“清党”中遭囚禁的前因后果，沈钧儒追求宪政民主的政治理念使他从这时就开始与中共合作，并与蒋介石的军事独裁分道扬镳。     

企业所有权概念评析及重新界定

关于企业所有权概念,目前有两种界定,一种界定为剩余索取权和剩余控制权,另一种界定为剩余索取权和控制权。不同的界定,造成了理论上和实践上的混乱。因此,应对这两种企业所有权界定进行深入分析后重新界定。本文把企业所有权界定为剩余索取权和归属性控制权。为了重新界定企业所有权概念,文中引入了归属性企业所有权、明晰控制权、参与控制权、股东企业所有权、经营者企业所有权和生产者企业所有权等新概念。     

长三角居民赴韩旅游消费模式初探

在实证研究的基础上从出游认知、消费构成、消费评价和消费趋势进行分析，探讨了长三角地区居民赴韩旅游消费模式。研究表明，长三角地区居民赴韩旅游出游认知和消费构成亦处于初级阶段，对消费评价和消费倾向大体上持肯定态度和乐观态度。     

现浇钢丝网砼墙体的开发与应用

阐述了现浇钢丝网砼墙体的开发历程，客观评价了该墙体的特点，真实的描述了该墙体建筑和工程应用实例，科学地分析了现浇钢丝网砼墙体在推广应用中需要研究的课题。     

中国对外直接投资的资本流动分析

本文分析了中国对外直接投资资本流动的特点，并在此基础上说明其对国际收支的影响不容忽视，提出要在扩大对外直接投资规模的同时，提高对外直接投资的收益水平，提高企业的境外融资能力。     

B to C交易中消费者信任的生成机理研究

基于TRA、TPB和ETC等理论的扩展模型和Mcknight等人对信任的系统研究，构建出信任生成机理基础框架。同时，参考网上信任生成的周期说、因素说和DTR模型，提出由五条主线、一定的交互关系和大量影响因素组成的网上消费者信任生成机理综合模型，以期为理论研究和实践应用提供借鉴。     

按劳分配与收入公平分配

按劳分配与收入公平分配存在正相关,主要表现在按劳分配存在前提和分配主体转换的公平性、分配依据和利益结构及其主体地位的合理性五个方面.按劳分配的实践与收入公平分配存在负相关,主要表现在由于理解上的偏差、应用中的偏差、实施对象客观条件不同而导致收入分配中事实上的不公平.为了强化按劳分配与收入公平分配的正相关、弱化按劳分配的实践与收入公平分配的负相关,必须采取相应对策.     

竞争性市场中的市场势力

通过对新型市场势力的天然属性的界定,中心分析了新型市场势力即卖方信息垄断的化解机制,首次提出了专家导购制,尤其是信息剩余论。