Consistency and optimality in a dynamic game of pollution control II: Monopoly

This paper continues a line of research begun in Batabyal (1995a). I model the interaction between a regulator and a monopolistic, polluting firm as a Stackelberg differential game in which the regulator leads. The firm creates pollution, which results in a stock externality. I analyze the intertemporal effects of alternate pollution control measures. The principal issue here concerns the dynamic inconsistency of the optimal solution. Inter alia, I compare the steady state levels of pollution under optimal and under dynamically consistent policies.     

对冲基金的最新发展与监管框架重构研究

以近年来对冲基金的迅猛发展为背景，总结对冲基金竞争优势的来源，在分析现行国际监管制度缺欠的基础上，探讨以完善基金治理结构、强化信息披露和实施以风险为基础的监管措施三方面构筑有效合理的监管制度，具有重要现实意义。     

Environmental regulation and profitability: An application to Swedish pulp and paper mills

In this paper we analyze the impact on firm profits of the environmental regulations in the Swedish pulp and paper industry. The approach taken is a non-parametric programming model of the technology. A feature of this industry is that environmental regulations are determined individually for each mill. A question, then, is if these individual regulations have a similar impact on firm profits. The approach in this paper allows us to calculate both the regulated and unregulated profits, which means that the severity of the regulations, in terms of foregone profits, can be calculated for each mill. The empirical result shows that the impact on the mills varies substantially, and that the burden from the regulations is less severe in 1990 than in 1989.     

会计价值机制论

本文认为,市场和企业是组织经济活动的形式,也是组织价值信息传递和价值激励的系统。市场价格机制是在长期市场供求关系作用下而形成的,而会计价值机制是随着企业的发展不断演化,在企业目标引导下组织价值信息传递和价值信息激励,以促成企业目标实现。企业替代市场或取得竞争优势,都是基于相同的原因和两种机制作用的结果,即是通过企业提供的产品或服务的成本低于市场价格而实现的。     

会计管制与公司治理

本文从企业契约理论出发,在回顾会计管制国际经验的基础上,将会计管制引入对公司治理问题的思考,指出了会计管制目标的实现对解决公司治理问题的重要性。其不仅要求反思会计管制理论与实践,同时要求在具体分析公司治理模式的基础上,重新思考会计管制的目标及其实现问题。提出应从现行公司治理框架下改进会计管制措施,从而实现会计管制与公司治理的良性互动。     

The Case of the Missing Pollution Haven Hypothesis

One particularly vexing puzzle for economists and policymakers over the past several decades concerns the empirical significance of the theoretically predicted pollution haven hypothesis. While neoclassical theory and conventional wisdom both surmise that local economies will suffer deleterious effects from stricter environmental regulations, empirical studies have largely failed to validate such claims. This study utilizes the method of matching to show that the impact of stricter regulation is heterogeneous spatially, varying systematically based on location-specific attributes. Previous studies that assume a homogenous response may therefore inadvertently mask the overall impact of more stringent regulations by pooling unaffected and affected regions.JEL Classification: Q25, Q28, H00, L51, R1The authors wish to thank to Michael Crew, Anthony Heyes, an anonymous referee, Werner Antweiler, Randy Becker, Wayne Gray, Shelby Gerking, Michael Greenstone, Vern Henderson, and Arik Levinson. Participants at various university seminars and conferences also lent useful insights to this line of research.     

我国通货紧缩的原因及治理

通货紧缩是影响当前我国经济走势的一个重要因素。本文从分析近年来我国价格变动的原因入手,从消费需求、投资、出口等几个方面阐述了影响价格走势的因素。对通货紧缩与通货膨胀进行了比较和界定,提出从改善供给质量、刺激消费需求、促进投资需求等几个方面来治理通货紧缩的思路和措施。     

机场环境管制探讨

机场环境管制的重点是噪声和排放物污染。除直接管制外,收费是国外机场环境管制中应用得最多且最有效率的经济管制方式。我国除继续强化已有的直接管制方式外,还可以从收取以保护环境为目的的噪声费和排放物费、限制机场土地的使用、采取国际机场协会提出的短期和长期机场环境保护措施三个方面进一步加强机场环境管制。     

逆向选择条件下技术许可中非排他性价格契约研究

通过经典的委托代理理论的应用,文章揭示了一类逆向选择条件下的技术许可中非排他性价格契约理论的内在机理。文章认为,通过针对差的类型的技术使用者的包含可变费用的契约和对好的类型的技术使用者的纯固定费用的契约,可以达到有效的排他性技术许可的目的;但为了有效的激励,技术所有者事前要对好的类型的技术使用者转移一定的信息租。     

城镇标准地块定位技术探讨

根据重庆市建立标定地价体系的科学实践．提出城镇标准地块空间定位的技术途径为：从分析土地级别内各定级单元土地质量空间分布规律或房地产市场价格空间分布规律入手，采用定级单元总分平衡法和房地产市场价格平衡法确定标准单元，依据功能特征评价成果将标准地块定位。