中国国防支出对居民消费影响的实证研究

在改革开放的前10年,中国国防建设与经济发展的矛盾比较突出,国防支出对居民消费产生替代效应。此后,随着国家经济实力的增强,国防与经济建设的矛盾得到缓解,国防支出对居民消费产生互补效应并趋于稳定。为保证国防与经济协调发展,在促进经济快速健康增长的基础上要保持国防支出的稳步增长,并不断优化国防支出结构。     

试论西部大开发中私营资本的成长

私营资本的成长在西部大开发中具有重要作用，它弥补国有资本的严重不足、促进经济的全面发展、并将成为西部大开发中的主体资本。私营资本成长在西部可以推出原生成长模式、衍生成长模式、嫁接一转移成长模式等三种新的模式。当前在西部地区，私营资本成长存在着思想解放、积累机制、宏观管理和法律规范等方面的问题。促进私营资本在西部的成长，应当建立起有效的制度保障、明晰产权归属、给予适度的信贷和税收优惠、同时还需加大政策转移支付。     

民营企业并购国有企业风险透析

民营企业并购国有企业是一项高风险资本经营活动。体制风险、国有资产流失风险和文化风险的产生具有客观性。建立趋同的价值理念，辨证认识民营企业，依法规范并购活动，实施人性化并购，是防控企业并购风险的有效举措。     

论网络环境下图书馆生长空间的拓展

网络时代的到来,为图书馆这一特殊功能的发挥既带来了无限的机遇,也带来了严峻的挑战。面对挑战,图书馆须从自身生存危机的战略高度出发最大限度地利用机遇、克服困难,不断拓展生长空间,使图书馆事业永远充满生机。     

Slack resources,firm performance,and the institutional context: Evidence from privately held European firms

Research summary : Integrating the behavioral and institutional perspectives, we propose that a country's formal institutions, particularly its legal frameworks, affect managers' deployment of slack resources. Specifically, we explore the moderating effects of creditor and employee rights on the performance effects of slack. Using longitudinal data from 162,633 European private firms in 26 countries, we find that financial slack enhances firm performance at diminishing rates, whereas human resource (HR) slack lowers performance at diminishing rates. However, financial slack has a more positive effect on firm performance in countries with weaker creditor rights, whereas HR slack has a more negative effect on performance in countries with stronger employee rights. The results provide a richer view of the relationship between slack and firm performance than currently assumed in the literature. Managerial summary : A key dilemma managers often encounter is whether, on the one hand, they should build in excess resources to buffer their firms from internal and external shocks and to pursue new opportunities or whether, on the other hand, they should develop “lean” firms. Our study suggests that excess cash resources—which are usually viewed as easy to redeploy—benefit firm performance, especially when firms operate in countries with weaker creditor rights. However, excess human resources—which are usually viewed as more difficult to redeploy—hamper firm performance, particularly when firms operate in countries with stronger labor protection laws. Thus, the management of slack resources critically depends on the characteristics of these resources (e.g., redeployability) and the institutional context in which managers operate. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈高校图书馆馆员职业素养的提升

高校是培养高级人才的集中地,图书馆是学校的文献情报中心,是为高校教学科研服务的重要组成部分。高校图书馆的主要职能是教育,它必须由现代化高层次的图书馆员来主宰。只有馆员素养的提升和精通业务技能及良好的职业道德等基本素质,才可能提高服务质量,图书馆的职能和作用才能得到充分发挥。     

Public Disclosure of Forward Contracts and Revelation of Proprietary Information

Financial executives of firms engaged in forward contracting have raised concerns that mandated disclosure of those contracts would reveal proprietary information to rival firms. This paper considers the basis for those concerns in the framework of a duopoly in which one privately informed producer enters the forward market prior to production. In choosing its forward position, the firm considers the effects of that position on the forward price and second stage product market competition with its rival. Two regimes are considered: mandated disclosure and no disclosure. Under the former, the contracting firm faces a tension between exploiting its information advantage in the forward market and attempting to influence the production decision of its rival. On average, in equilibrium, the contracting firm gains a first-mover advantage, but at the cost of revealing its private information to its rival and extracting less expected gains from uninformed forward market participants. In contrast, with no disclosure, the contracting firm cannot influence rival firm beliefs, but extracts more expected gains from its private information in both the forward and product markets. On balance, the contracting firm prefers no disclosure. Moreover, parameterizations exist such that the rival also prefers that regime. These findings explain the opposition of respondents to draft proposals of Statement of Financial Standards No. 133.     

Like Father Like Sons? The Cost of Sovereign Defaults in Reduced Credit to the Private Sector

We investigate the impact of sovereign defaults on the ability of the corporate sector in emerging nations to finance itself abroad. We test the hypothesis that sovereign defaults have a negative spillover onto the private sector through credit rationing. We explore a novel data set covering the majority of corporates in emerging nations that received foreign capital between 1880 and 1913. Results confirm that credit rationing existed, was very large, and persisted long beyond the default settlement. The private sector paid a severe cost for their governments’ debt intolerance, with negative implications for their growth.     

Responding to public and private politics: corporate disclosure of climate change strategies

The challenges associated with climate change will require governments, citizens, and firms to work collaboratively to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a task that requires information on companies' carbon risks, opportunities, strategies, and emission levels. This paper explores the conditions under which firms participate in this endeavor. Building on theories of how social activists inspire changes in organizational norms, beliefs, and practices, we hypothesize that shareholder actions and regulatory threats are likely to prime firms to adopt practices consistent with the aims of a broader social movement. We find empirical evidence of direct and spillover effects. In the domain of private politics, shareholder resolutions filed against a firm and others in its industry increase a firm's propensity to engage in practices consistent with the aims of the related social movement. Similarly, in the realm of public politics, threats of state regulations targeted at a firm's industry as well as regulations targeted at other industries increase the likelihood that the firm will engage in such practices. These findings extend existing theory by showing that both activist groups and government actors can spur changes in organizational practices, and that challenges mounted against a single firm or a single industry can inspire both firm and field‐level changes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

后金融危机时代江西民营企业发展的战略选择

受全球性金融危机的影响,江西省部分民营企业的生产、销售、发展出现了前所未有的困难。江西民营经济已成为江西经济发展的生力军,在后金融危机时代江西民营企业要汲取金融危机的教训,不断创新发展,变危为机是江西民营经济发展的战略选择。