Quid pro quo

This paper attempts to shed some new light on two puzzles about Chinese economy: Rapid economic growth despite pandemic corruption; dramatic development of the private sector despite ‘ownership discrimination' in financial resource allocation. In our model, the productive bribe facilitates the more efficient private firm to obtain the scarce financial resource, either from the bank or from the state-owned enterprise, and corrects the initial allocation distortion. Meanwhile, our model also generates the distortionary and the predatory bribes which hurt the economy.     

交易成本、经济规模和经济增长

鉴于传统交易成本概念的抽象性和复杂性，在传统交易成本概念基础上提出了一个稍加变化的交易成本概念并探讨了交易成本的若干性质及其与经济规模、经济增长之间的关系，提出从简化的角度看，交易成本可由交易时间、交易劳动和金钱成本三部分有机构成观点。通过对交易成本的模型分析，提出只有复杂交易存在最优交易成本的假说。之后，通过建模分析指出，交易成本下降将带来经济规模扩张，而交易成本变化率对经济增长率起决定作用。最后，讨论了最优交易成本和经济规模之间的关系，提出最优的制度应使经济的交易成本达到或接近最优点，从而使经济规模达到或接近最优点。