球类竞赛的排各式积分编排方法研究

在球类竞赛中,采用“分组循环＋淘汰赛”的竞赛办法,虽然可以解决赛程适中的问题,但不能解决分组的问题。而棋类积分编排赛制虽然可以避免分组,但由于受到职业等级分排序的局限,使得其它项目的竞赛编排无法参照。通过研究,借鉴棋类积分编排方法理论,我们总结出“排名式积分编排方法”理论。目的是把棋类积分编排方法运用到其他体育项目上。虽然该理论目前还没有在积分编排软件上得到运用,但可以为研究人员提供参考。     

基于现金流量的企业财务预警系统构建

构建科学完善的财务预警系统,完善以偿债能力为核心的长期财务预警指标体系,从定性、定量、定性与定量相结合构建企业长期财务预警方法,将财务分析方法沃尔比重评分法应用到财务预警领域,使其成为一种定性与定量相结合的财务预警方法。     

Tuition fees and social segregation: lessons from a natural experiment at the University of Paris 9-Dauphine

Using a natural experiment, a sharp rise in tuition fees in some of the programmes at the University of Paris 9-Dauphine, we study the impact of tuition fees on students’ pathways, and outcomes. We apply an optimal matching method to the national database of students’ registrations (SISE) to define a typology of pathways. We then use a nonordered multinomial logit model to evaluate the impact of the rise in tuition fees on the types of pathways selected by the university. We show that there is a significant impact on these pathways. The increase in tuition fees reduces geographic and social mobility, thereby accentuating the phenomena of social segregation. Furthermore, contrary to what some of the studies assert, the rise does not appear to encourage greater effort: we find no impact on the graduation success rate.     

认知型飞蜂窝网络中的子信道分配与功率控制

为了解决宏蜂窝与飞蜂窝构成的两层异构网络上行干扰与资源分配问题,提出了一种在认知型飞蜂窝的双层异构网中结合子信道分配和功率控制进行资源分配的框架。通过对异构网中跨层干扰问题进行分析与建模,将求解最优子信道分配矩阵和用户发射功率矩阵作为干扰管理问题的解决方法。模型中认知型飞蜂窝网络子信道和飞蜂窝网络用户构成非合作博弈,双方利用效用函数最优值进行匹配,构成初始信道分配矩阵;再由接入控制器根据接入条件从初始信道分配矩阵中筛选用户,并优化接入用户的发射功率矩阵,得到最优子信道分配矩阵和功率矩阵。仿真结果表明,优化框架提高了双层异构网络中飞蜂窝网络用户的吞吐量和接入率,降低了异构网中跨层干扰。     

农业水价利益相关者定量排序研究

[目的]我国农业水价综合改革工作推进正面临诸多阻碍,文章通过利益相关者理论研究农业水价问题,明确农业水价利益相关者间的关系,并对农业水价综合改革工作产生积极影响。[方法]通过文献调研和实地调研相结合的研究方式,对农业水价的利益相关者进行了识别、确定;同时运用"Mitchell"评分法、专家打分法等方法,以利益相关者的3个属性为切入点,由领域内权威专家对农业水价的各利益相关者进行打分,最终确定农业水价利益相关者定量排序。[结果]农业水价利益相关者排序呈现:政府部门农户及其组织其他社会机构。同时结合农业水价综合改革情况分析确定了农业水价利益相关者综合排序及各属性排序结果的合理性。[结论]农业水价利益相关者定量排序以定量的形式展示了农业水价利益相关者间的关系,并为农业水价合理分担的进一步研究提供了重要基础。     

Collective livestock research for sustainable disease management in Mali and Burkina Faso

An international multi-disciplinary team of scientists, led by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), tackled the problem of bovine trypanosomosis and the development of drug resistance in West Africa, inter alia, by the promotion of rational drug use (RDU) principles. These principles had been brought to farmers by practical training and by the provision of information leaflets. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of RDU training at smallholder level with respect to advances in farmers' knowledge and farm productivity before research outputs could be scaled up. Therefore, 508 cattle farmers attended a disease-specific knowledge test and provided information about farm production. Results show that farmers who participated in the training are more likely to identify signs and causes of the disease and to correctly administer drugs. Allocating scores to each question in the knowledge tests and scrutinizing the differences between trained and untrained farmers by matching procedures shows that participating farmers reach higher scores in all knowledge categories. Moreover, the acquisition of additional knowledge and the application of improved control strategies significantly increase farm performance. Additionally, an allocative effect was identified since trypanocide expenditures were saved by less expensive inputs.     

Testing the null hypothesis of no regime switching with an application to GDP growth rates

This paper presents tests for the null hypothesis of no regime switching in Hamilton’s (Econometrica 57:357–384, 1989) regime switching model. The test procedures exploit similarities between regime switching models, autoregressions with measurement errors, and finite mixture models. The proposed tests are computationally simple and, contrary to likelihood based tests, have a standard distribution under the null. When the methodology is applied to US GDP growth rates, no strong evidence of regime switching is found. I thank Don Andrews, Peter Phillips, Yuichi Kitamura, Anat Bracha, Patrik Guggenberger, Orit Whiteman and three anonymous referees for useful comments and suggestions.     

山东省农村居民消费结构实证分析

运用扩展线性支出系统模型对山东省农村居民消费结构的特点及变化趋势进行实证分析。结果表明：食品和衣着是居民基本需求的重点,交通通讯和居住可能会成为未来农村居民的消费热点。因此,要实现消费结构升级,需从拓宽增收渠道入手,把握居民消费热点,刺激居民消费。     

大功率压电换能器的阻抗匹配研究

本文从实际工作条件出发,讨论了大功率压电换能器的匹配问题。强调指出了换能器的等效阻R在分析换能器工作状况和匹配电路时的重要性,并从工程技术的角度对匹配电感的设计进行了分析,提出将效率作为衡量匹配电路的一个重要指标。     

食品安全规制能提高生产者福利吗？——基于不同规制强度的检验

食品安全规制涉及政府、生产者和消费者三方利益主体的博弈。已有文献主要关注政府规制对减少生产者违规概率、提升食品安全水平和消费者福利所产生的作用。本文从生产者福利视角考察企业参与食品安全规制是否存在“收益率溢价”效应,以此对中国食品安全规制的间接效果进行实证检验。首先采用倾向得分匹配模型考察食品安全规制对企业资产收益率的平均影响效应,然后采用广义倾向得分匹配模型和门槛模型进一步考察不同规制强度与企业资产收益率的非线性关系。研究表明,当前食品安全规制对参与规制企业产生了“收益率溢价”的间接效果,但随着规制强度的扩展,企业资产收益率呈现先上升后下降的“倒U型”变化,具有显著的双重门槛特征,当企业持有4项质量认证证书时为“最优规制强度”。最后结合当前中国实际,解释了上述结论产生的原因及政策含义。