金融危机下的技术创新与知识产权制度创新

技术创新与知识产权制度创新之间,是一种相互决定、相互促进的关系。全球性金融危机对我国的制造产业冲击,让我们看到了技术创新的重要性。技术创新与知识产权制度创新良性互动的关系,折射出我国促进技术创新的知识产权制度,还有许多有待完善的地方。     

非物质文化遗产的知识产权保护模式探析

非物质文化遗产是智力成果的范畴,应当属于知识产权保护的范围。而现有的知识产权制度无法发挥切实的保护作用。因此,要完善知识产权制度中的保护模式,才能使非物质文化遗产得到有效保护,使我国在这一领域中处于领先的地位。     

公共治理中的资源整合与共享问题--基于困局经济学的视角分析

资源的整合与共享是公共治理活动中形成有效集体行动的重点和难题。为了克服“公地悲剧”,人们界定了各种各样的产权。然而这些碎片化产权却导致了资源使用不足的“反公地悲剧”。“反公地悲剧”给公共治理资源整合与共享带来了挑战。这既需要从宏观上通过多种途径提高公共组织的整合能力,还需要对此做出具体的策略安排。     

公路改建项目环境影响评价中公众参与的实例研究

在安徽省205国道(新线)天长段改建项目环境影响评价中开展公众参与调查,采用问卷调查的形式对公路两侧各200m范围内的居民和单位员工进行调查。结果表明,公众对205国道(新线)天长段改建项目都很支持,对当前的环境现状比较满意,一般认为工程对环境质量的影响较小。     

公共财政框架下的农村养老保险制度建设研究

农村养老保险规定和完善着公共财政的职能范围;公共财政是农村养老保险的制度依托和物质基础,财政主体的权力结构、制度的包容性、法制化决定着养老保险制度的可持续性发展。我国要实现公共财政与农村养老保险之间的制度性耦合,需要根据农村养老保险的产品属性清晰界定公共财政的职责权限,规范公共财政各主体之间的权力资源配置,吸纳多元主体,共同参与农村养老保险事业的建设。     

公共物品市场化研究——以绍兴市基础设施市场化建设为例

本文从公共物品的性质、分类等基本理论出发,对政府垄断公共物品供给存在的问题、公共物品市场化供给可能性、内在依据及条件等进行了理论分析,并通过构建公共物品供给的委托代理模型,分析政府在市场化过程中政府的职责和作用,提出充分利用市场机制改革政府提供公共物品的方式,是解决公共物品有效供给的必由之路,并围绕基础设施阐述适合我国基础设施市场化的几种项目融资方式。同时,本文以绍兴市的基础设施市场化建设为例,分析了绍兴市城市基础设施的主要做法,并从绍兴市的市场化实践中得出有益的启示,从政策上和措施上对如何利用市场机制、完善我国公共物品供给进行了探讨。     

非公有制经济发展的前景、问题与对策

非公有制经济的发展面临大好的历史机遇 ,也存在一系列的问题 ,必须采取相应的对策加以规范、引导。     

A push to cycling—exploring the e-bike's role in overcoming barriers to bicycle use with a survey and an intervention study

In Norway, as in many countries, there is a political goal to increase bicycle use. The electric bicycle (e-bike) is a promising tool for achieving this goal, given the hilliness of the country. However, little is yet known about the deterrents of cycling in Norway in general, and in particular how the purchase of an e-bike could be stimulated.

In the current study, 5500 respondents from a convenience sample among car owners were asked about their perceptions of bicycling in general, and of e-bikes in particular as well as their willingness to pay (WTP) for an e-bike. Randomly selected participants (N = 66) were given access to an e-bike for a limited time (2 or 4 weeks). A second questionnaire captured the same perceptions and WTP post-intervention. The results were compared with a control group (N = 214).

The results showed that those who cycle the least were most interested in buying an e-bike and that prior knowledge of the e-bike corresponded with a higher desire to buy one. Pro-environmental values did not predict interest in e-bikes, neither did norms and attitudes toward cycling. The WTP for an e-bike increased after having experienced the benefits for those who used an e-bike compared to those who did not. Price reduction of the e-bike (e.g. VAT exemption), spread of knowledge among the wider population, and actions to offer an e-bike experience may therefore be effective strategies for further expansion of the e-bike in the transport system and thereby to increase bicycle use in Norway.