中国农村公共品供给制度变迁的宏观观察与求解

农民负担问题在实质上是以一种中国特有的连续性、渐进性和系统性制度变迁为促引的利益重组问题 ,只有建构一种以保障农民权益为核心的农村公共品供给制度 ,才能适应我国农村的基本经营制度和现代家庭农业的存在与发展     

对传统财政支出原则的辨证认识

传统的财政支出原则带有明显的计划体制的烙印,但是作为财政支出原则,它毕竟反映了财政支出实践活动所必须遵循的共同规律的要求.在公共财政模式下,传统的财政支出原则以新的实现形式仍然可以对财政支出分配发挥指导作用.     

试论公共政策法律化的限度

在现代法治社会中,公共政策与法律皆不可或缺.饱经法律虚无主义的中国社会,在走向法治主义的进程中难免出现泛法治主义的倾向.公共政策法律化虽然是政策发展的趋势和法治社会的要求,但并非所有公共政策都可以且都能够实现法律化.公共政策法律化应当有其合理的限度.     

试论警犬技术在铁路治安保卫中的作用及其应用

警犬具有听觉、嗅觉发达，防御机能强，扑咬凶猛等得天独厚的特点，现广泛地应用于铁路治安保卫工作中，可执行巡逻、警戒、看守、处理突发事件等任务，能够降低发案率、预防和打击犯罪。本文从警犬技术的特点和作用出发，论述了警犬在铁路治安保卫工作中的使用范围、方法和程序。     

我国税法在执行过程中为何出现扭曲——来自博弈论的证据

税务机关内部部门利益膨胀的问题目益彰显,导致税法在执行层面出现扭曲。从公共选择理论的政府为理性经济人的前提入手,采用博弈论的方法,建立一个博弈模型,对部门之间有关税法的执行行为展开分析,展现各个博弈主体的策略和行为。探寻政府部门税收政策扭曲产生的原因,为依法治税问题提供一个新的研究视角及理论解释。     

北京市公共建筑无障碍建设现状及改进措施

公共建筑作为各类公共服务和社会管理活动的重要载体,其无障碍建设具有特殊的社会公平示范效应.从社会公平的视角,结合北京市公共建筑无障碍化程度现状调查,深入探讨了北京市公共建筑无障碍建设存在的主要问题,并提出从重视既有建筑的无障碍改造等方面入手,才能真正实现公共建筑无障碍.     

Rewards and Sanctions and the Provision of Public Goods in One-Shot Settings

A burgeoning literature in experimental studies of the Voluntary Contribution Mechanism focuses on the ability of institutions that allow the monitoring, sanctioning, and/or rewarding of others to facilitate cooperation. In this paper rewards and sanctions are examined in a one-shot VCM setting that so far has been unexplored in the literature. The study finds that while some subjects are willing to reward and sanction others at a personal cost, the opportunity to reward or sanction is ineffective in facilitating cooperation relative to previous experiments in which a repeated game environment is employed. The study also compares behavior in an environment in which the imposition of rewards and sanctions is certain to an environment in which imposition is uncertain. The expected value of the reward or sanction is kept constant across environments to focus simply on the effect of uncertainty about imposition. Uncertainty does not change behavior in a significant way, either in the level of cooperation or the willingness of individuals to impose rewards or sanctions.     

An Investigation of the Impact of Interest Rates and Interest Rate Volatility on Australian Financial Sector Stock Return Distributions

Abstract:   This paper extends the existing literature by analysing the dual impact of changes in the interest rate and interest rate volatility on the distribution of Australian financial sector stock returns. In addition, a multivariate GARCH‐M model is used to analyse the impact of deregulation on the financial institutions sector. It was found that there is a consistent inter‐temporal trade off between risk and return over the different regulatory periods. Moreover, finance corporations were found to be highly sensitive to new shocks across the financial sector and deregulation increased the risk faced by finance corporations and small banks – effectively increasing the required rate of return and explaining the continued rationalisation of these sectors. Furthermore, deregulation has changed the fundamental relationship between interest rates and large bank stock excess returns from positive in the pre‐deregulation period to negative in the post‐deregulation period. This reflects the changing institutional environment from one of controlled credit rationing to a more competitive environment.     

Public Investment and Income Taxation: Redistribution vs. Productive Performance

This paper deals with government investment in a static two-type self-selection model of optimum income taxation. It is shown that the second-best investment rule is consistent with efficient production, provided that public investment has no influence on relative factor prices. Otherwise, however, redistributive income taxation implies that optimal investment expenditures exceed (or fall below) the efficient level as long as they raise (or decrease) the wage rate of the unskilled individuals relative to the wage rate of the skilled individuals.     

银行持债行为影响国债市场的实证研究

本文从2003年银行间国债市场的回购利率和国债收益率的角度出发,同时结合货币政策对银行的资金调节作用,对银行持债行为与国债市场之间的关系进行了实证研究,从而揭示出银行持债行为对国债市场的重大影响作用,并得出有关债券市场的三个基本结论。