汽车整车总装车间生产进度信息实时管理系统

在面向订单制造的生产模式下,借助信息化手段提高汽车总装车间生产进度信息透明化与实时化管理能力已成为汽车整车企业的重要发展趋势之一。文章结合MES(Manufacturing Execution System,MES,制造执行系统)思想,提出了一种汽车整车总装车间生产进度信息实时管理系统,研究了该系统的体系结构、功能结构、运行模式及其实现技术,并将其应用于一个汽车整车制造企业,取得了良好效果。     

Algorithms for handling soft constraints and their applications to staff scheduling problems

This paper presents a new model for dynamically deciding when, how, and to what extent soft constraints should be relaxed. The first part of the model is a depth-first search algorithm and a best-first repair algorithm which can generate partial schedules quickly. The second part is an iterative relaxation algorithm which can augment the generated partial schedules by slightly relaxing potentially relaxable constraints (i.e. soft constraints). The model guarantees that (1) a soft constraint will be relaxed only when no backtrack (repair) can be made within a time limit, (2) the relaxation of soft constraints can always deepen the search tree, and (3) the relaxation will only be made at dead nodes, and when the search algorithm can be continued the relaxed soft constraints will return to their initial states. The model has been successfully applied to two staff scheduling problems, dispatcher scheduling problem and crew scheduling problem. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于遗传禁忌算法的任务分配与调度的研究

任务分配与调度问题是公认的NP问题,为了合理的对备份任务进行分配与调度,使得最短时间内完成备份任务, 提出了基于遗传禁忌搜索的备份任务调度算法。 重点研究了遗传算法和禁忌搜索算法,并针对二者的不足,提出将其两种算法混合,相互取长补短,仿真实验结果和实例应用表明,笔者提出的算法其搜索效率比单一的遗传算法具有较好的效果。     

Short-term forecasting with mixed-frequency data: a MIDASSO approach

In this article, we extend the targeted-regressor approach suggested in Bai and Ng (2008) for variables sampled at the same frequency to mixed-frequency data. Our MIDASSO approach is a combination of the unrestricted MIxed-frequency DAta-Sampling approach (U-MIDAS) (see Foroni et al. 2015; Castle et al. 2009; Bec and Mogliani 2013), and the LASSO-type penalized regression used in Bai and Ng (2008), called the elastic net (Zou and Hastie 2005). We illustrate our approach by forecasting the quarterly real GDP growth rate in Switzerland.     

高校科技成果转化与高新技术产业需求耦合匹配性

构建江苏高校科技成果转化评价指标体系与高新技术产业发展水平评价指标体系。基于江苏2018—2021年的相关数据,通过熵权法、耦合评价模型计算出江苏高校科技成果转化系统与高新技术产业发展水平系统的耦合综合值、耦合关联度与耦合协调度。研究发现,江苏高校科技成果转化与高新技术产业发展水平耦合关联度较高,但耦合协调度差异较大;江苏高校科技成果产出与高新技术产业需求匹配度逐渐增高。     

软件化航天测控接收机的组件调度方法

基于通用处理器的软件化接收机是航天测控接收机的发展方向之一,通过引入组件化处理方法可进一步提高软件化接收机的灵活性和软件可重构能力。信号处理的实时性是软件化接收机的基本要求,信号处理组件调度的任务是决定组件的激活时机和执行所在的处理器,是影响实时性的关键因素。为了解决组件的激活时机问题,提出了基于动态数据流驱动的组件激活方法。为了提高非实时操作系统上的组件调度实时性,提出了基于动态优先级的软实时调度策略。实验表明,上述方法在中央处理器（Central Processing Unit,CPU）核心数小于组件数的条件下,能够明显提升处理实时性。     

Coordinated supply chain scheduling

A mixed integer programming approach is proposed for a long-term, integrated scheduling of material manufacturing, material supply and product assembly in a customer driven supply chain. The supply chain consists of three distinct stages: manufacturer/supplier of product-specific materials (parts), producer where finished products are assembled according to customer orders and a set of customers who generate final demand for the products. The manufacturing stage consists of identical production lines in parallel and the producer stage is a flexible assembly line. The overall problem is how to coordinate manufacturing and supply of parts and assembly of products such that the total supply chain inventory holding cost and the production line start-up and parts shipping costs are minimized. A monolithic approach, where the manufacturing, supply and assembly schedules are determined simultaneously, is compared with a hierarchical approach. Numerical examples modeled after a real-world integrated scheduling in a customer driven supply chain in the electronics industry are presented and some computational results are reported.     

Scheduling a capacitated single machine with time deteriorating job values

We address the scheduling problem with the following characteristics: (i) there is a single machine available, (ii) the machine has limited capacity, and (iii) job value deteriorates with time. The problem is motivated from several real world situations, such as, downloading process of web pages, and scheduling of multiplexes. Since the problem is NP-hard, we propose new heuristics based on a multiplicative piece-wise metric as an approximation of the slope of job value deterioration. Computational results show that the proposed heuristics perform better than other existing heuristics for similar types of problems.     

电力电缆实时载流量评估系统设计

为了提高电力电缆的利用率,合理调配电缆的实时负荷,利用实时环境参数监测终端、GPRS数据传输模块和上位机构成了高压电力电缆实时载流量评估系统。并利用DS18B20、风力传感器、土壤温湿度传感器、光照传感器和STM32嵌入式单片机对环境参数进行实时监测,实现了对环境温度、土壤湿度、土壤温度、环境风力、环境光照等参数的实时采集,并利用GPRS数据传输模块将环境参数传送到上位机,利用上位机结合VB6.0和ANSYS编制了高压电力电缆温度场和载流量计算软件,实现了电力电缆参数数据库存储、敷设模式界面化操作、环境参数的实时监测与显示、实时动态载流量的在线计算等功能。计算结果表明,高压电力电缆的实时动态载流量系统能够准确计算出受环境参数影响的高压电力电缆的载流量,提高了计算效率,为电力部门调配电缆的实时负荷提供了依据。     

铁塔状态监测系统的构思与研究

4G通信网络的商用,使得通信铁塔建设日益增多,并且有着种类繁、数量多、分布广的特点,而且在5G普及商用的大环境下,铁塔数量、种类将更上一个平台,这将是对铁塔维护一个大大的考验。基于通信机房内现有动力与环境监控系统,提出了一种通信铁塔状态实时监测的方案,方案采用高精度倾角传感器和风速风向传感器采集信号,基于现有动力与环境监控系统分析信号,实时监测铁塔状态。