自适应粒子群优化算法在车间作业调度问题中的应用

采用粒子群优化算法对该问题进行求解,为了提高算法的求解性能,针对粒子群算法特点,提出了一种自适应的惯性权值来调整算法的搜索空间和一种自适应更新策略来动态地更新粒子的位置.最后通过经典的实例对本文提出的算法进行了检验,结果表明,该改进的粒子群算法在求解车间作业调度问题是有效的.     

一种面向多资源约束的关键链识别方法

针对资源受限项目调度问题,提出了一种面向多资源约束的关键链识别算法。该算法首先基于优先规则的资源受限并行调度算法生成调度结果,接着依据此结果将活动的资源约束转换为活动的时序约束,形成新的时序约束活动依赖矩阵,然后以此为基础结合传统向后调度算法计算在此时序约束下活动的总时差,最后根据总时差值来确定关键活动,并组成关键链。     

Weekly scheduling models for traveling therapists

This paper presents a series of models that can be used to find weekly schedules for therapists who provide ongoing treatment to patients throughout a geographical region. In all cases, patient-appointment times and visit days are known prior to the beginning of the planning horizon. Variations in the models include single vs. multiple home bases, homogeneous vs. heterogeneous therapists, lunch break requirements, and a nonlinear cost structure for mileage reimbursement and overtime. The single home base and homogeneous therapist cases proved to be easy to solve and so were not thoroughly investigated. This left two cases of interest: the first included only lunch breaks while the second added nonlinear overtime and mileage reimbursement costs. For the first case, 40 data sets were solved, each consisting of either 15 or 20 therapists and between roughly 300 and 540 patient visits over five days. For each instance, we were able to obtain the minimum cost of providing residential healthcare services using a commercial solver. The results showed that CPU time increases more rapidly than total cost as the total number of visits grows. For the second case, which was much more difficult, it was necessary to develop heuristics to find good solutions quickly. Results for 5- through 20-therapist instances are presented and compared to the linear programming relaxation lower bounds. In the first of two parametric analyses, the tradeoff between the number of therapists on staff and the cost of providing service was examined. In the second, a similar tradeoff was explored between cost can the number of home bases used by the therapists.     

An agent-based nurse rostering system under minimal staffing conditions

Nurse rostering is a complex problem. We propose a new heuristic using a competitive agent-based negotiation that focuses on nurse preferences called competitive nurse rostering (CNR). Unlike the existing literature, CNR models each nurse's preference functions separately and separates the cost minimization and preference maximization problems. CNR produces quality nurse rosters even though it cannot leverage extra staffing. As an agent system, CNR can distribute computational requirements over several computer systems, include other solution methods at various points in of the rostering problem, and act as a real-time scheduling system. These benefits are not naturally inherent in centralized heuristic solutions.     

实时财务报告技术采纳与资本成本——基于“创新接受”视角的理论模

在资本市场中,公司与其对手为获得更低的资本成本展开竞争。为了达成目标,公司都尝试采用新的信息技术来提高信息披露的透明度。扩展组织"创新接受"理论的内容并整合影响实时财务报告技术采纳和资本成本的主要因素,利用数学模型建构两者之间的约束关系,结果发现,资本成本的节省、不确定性、风险规避、交易、转换成本以及公司治理政策等都对公司何时以及是否采纳实时财务报告技术产生影响。     

订单生产经济批量问题研究

通过引入分批算法 ,解决了企业进行多品种生产过程中所面对的调度和优化问题。本算法由两步构成 :第一步采用遗传算法进行合理地分批 ;第二步通过规划模型求得分批基础上的最优调度。     

持续审计基本问题研究

近几年来,持续审计在以美国 AICPA 为代表的审记职业界中得到广泛讨论。本文引用 AICPA 和CICA 对持续审计的定义,分析了持续审计的特征,阐述了持续审计产生和发展的动因,界定了持续审计的效用,剖析了其在实践中推进比较缓慢的原因,以期能促使我国审计职业界正确认识和大力推进持续审计。     

基于最小费用模型的航材调度研究

基于最小费用模型，建立了一定航材供给条件下，单架机缺件和多架机缺件的航材调度总费用函数；同时，考虑航材共享模式解决方案，建立了在航材共享条件下最小费用模型函数，并提出航材物流运输中广义效费比的概念，给出共享模式下广义效费比函数，并应用算例验证了最小费用模型函数和广义效费比函数的有效性和实用性。研究表明，航材共享模式可降低航材调度物流费用。     

For how long do IMF forecasts of world economic growth stay up-to-date?

This study analyses the performance of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook output forecasts for the world and for both the advanced economies and the emerging and developing economies. With a focus on the forecast for the current year and the next year, we examine the durability of IMF forecasts, looking at how much time has to pass so that IMF forecasts can be improved by using leading indicators with monthly updates. Using a real-time data set for GDP and for indicators, we find that some simple single-indicator forecasts on the basis of data that are available at higher frequency can significantly outperform the IMF forecasts as soon as the publication of the IMF’s Outlook is only a few months old. In particular, there is an obvious gain using leading indicators from January to March for the forecast of the current year.     

一种应用于海上浮标的卫星中继通信终端

为了实现四级海况下海上小型浮标与岸基站数据中心之间的实时通信，设计和研制了一种高速率、低延时和高可靠的S频段卫星中继通信终端。该卫星中继通信终端由S频段中继通信机、抛物面天线、伺服跟踪机构、电源变换模块、温度控制器以及耐10 m水压的天线罩体等组成。终端为直径1 m的半球体，质量小于30 kg，最大峰值功耗小于等于130 W。卫星中继通信终端利用快速捕获跟踪卫星信号技术，能在7 s内迅速捕获和跟踪卫星前向链路信号；采用自适应海况可变码率技术提高了数据传输的可靠性。四级海况下，卫星中继通信终端实现了浮标与岸站之间最大2Mb/s高速率实时数据传输，大回路数据通信误码率小于等于10-5。